《Enhancing the Open-Circuit Voltage of Perovskite Solar Cells by Embedding Molecular Dipoles within Their Hole-Blocking Layer》 was written by Butscher, Julian F.; Intorp, Sebastian; Kress, Joshua; An, Qingzhi; Hofstetter, Yvonne J.; Hippchen, Nikolai; Paulus, Fabian; Bunz, Uwe H. F.; Tessler, Nir; Vaynzof, Yana. Reference of 2,5-Dibromothiophene And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2020. The article conveys some information:
Engineering the energetics of perovskite photovoltaic devices through deliberate introduction of dipoles to control the built-in potential of the devices offers an opportunity to enhance their performance without the need to modify the active layer itself. In this work, we demonstrate how the incorporation of mol. dipoles into the bathocuproine (BCP) hole-blocking layer of inverted perovskite solar cells improves the device open-circuit voltage (VOC) and, consequently, their performance. We explore a series of four thiaazulenic derivatives that exhibit increasing dipole moments and demonstrate that these mols. can be introduced into the solution-processed BCP layer to effectively increase the built-in potential within the device without altering any of the other device layers. As a result, the VOC of the devices is enhanced by up to 130 mV, with larger dipoles resulting in higher VOC. To investigate the limitations of this approach, we employ numerical device simulations that demonstrate that the highest dipole derivatives used in this work eliminate all limitations on the VOC stemming from the built-in potential of the device. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 2,5-Dibromothiophene(cas: 3141-27-3Reference of 2,5-Dibromothiophene)
2,5-Dibromothiophene(cas: 3141-27-3) , is mainly used as pharmaceutical intermediate and synthesis intermediate. 2,5-Dibromothiophene may be used as starting reagent for the synthesis of α,α′-didecylquater-, -quinque- and -sexi-thiophenes.Reference of 2,5-Dibromothiophene
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary