《Zinc/Indium Bimetallic Lewis Acid Relay Catalysis for Dehydrogenative Silylation/Hydrosilylation Reaction of Terminal Alkynes with Bis(hydrosilane)s》 was written by Tani, Tomohiro; Sohma, Yudai; Tsuchimoto, Teruhisa. Reference of Indium(III) bromideThis research focused onzinc indium Lewis acid catalyst dehydrogenative silylation alkyne hydrosilane; disilanaphthalene preparation; disilaindane preparation; disilylalkene preparation; hydrosilylation intramol dehydrogenative silylation zinc indium catalyst; bismuth catalyzed Hiyama cross coupling ether formation iododesilylation. The article conveys some information:
When mixed with two different Lewis acid catalysts of Zn and In, terminal alkynes react with bis(hydrosilane)s to selectively provide 1,1-disilylalkenes from among several possible products, by way of a sequential dehydrogenative silylation/intramol. hydrosilylation reaction. Adding a pyridine base is crucial in this reaction; a switch as a catalyst of the Zn Lewis acid is turned on by forming a Zn-pyridine-base complex. A range of the 1,1-disilylalkenes can be obtained by a combination of aryl and aliphatic terminal alkynes plus aryl-, heteroaryl-, and naphthyl-tethered bis(hydrosilane)s. The 1,1-disilylalkene prepared here is available as a reagent for further transformations by using its C-Si or C:C bond. The former includes Hiyama cross-coupling, Bi-catalyzed ether formation, and iododesilylation; the latter includes double alkylation and epoxidation Mechanistic studies clarified the role of the two Lewis acids: the Zn-pyridine-base complex catalyzes the dehydrogenative silylation as a 1st stage, and, following on this, the In Lewis acid catalyzes the ring-closing hydrosilylation as a 2nd stage, thus leading to the 1,1-disilylalkene. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3Reference of Indium(III) bromide)
Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3) is used in organic synthesis as a water tolerant Lewis acid. It efficiently catalyzes the three-component coupling of β-keto esters, aldehydes and urea (or thiourea) to afford the corresponding dihydropyrimidinones.Reference of Indium(III) bromide
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary