Month: October 2022

In 2019,Advanced Therapeutics (Weinheim, Germany) included an article by Hafner, Susanne; Raabe, Marco; Wu, Yuzhou; Wang, Tao; Zuo, Zhi; Rasche, Volker; Syrovets, Tatiana; Weil, Tanja; Simmet, Thomas. Category: bromides-buliding-blocks. The article was titled 《High-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Efficient Delivery of an Albumin Nanotheranostic in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Xenografts》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Triple-neg. breast cancer (TNBC) is a fast growing and strong metastasizing tumor, which presents almost no cellular receptors that can be addressed by targeted therapeutics. In addition, TNBC is often characterized by high tumor grading, fast growth rates, and early metastasis. Therefore, multifunctional drug carriers allowing efficient drug delivery and bioimaging to treat and track TNBC tissue in vivo would be highly desirable. A human serum albumin-based polyethylene glycol copolymer (dcHSA-Gd-Dox) is synthesized combining multiple copies of the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin and gadolinium (III) (Gd(III))-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. The biodegradable albumin-based nanocarriers reveal high-contrast tumor imaging and efficient drug delivery in a preclin. TNBC xenograft model, where the xenografts are grown on the chorioallantoic membrane of fertilized chick eggs. dcHSA-Gd-Dox is injected i.v., and the distribution of the compound is monitored by MRI and inductively coupled optical plasma emission spectrometry. dcHSA-Gd-Dox is rapidly taken up into MDA-MB-231 cells and exhibits significant cytotoxic efficacy. dcHSA-Gd-Dox combines high tissue enrichment with low systemic toxicity and high-contrast MRI rendering it an attractive nanotheranostic for TNBC.Benzyl 2-bromoacetate(cas: 5437-45-6Category: bromides-buliding-blocks) was used in this study.

Benzyl 2-bromoacetate(cas: 5437-45-6) belongs to benzyl acetate. Benzyl acetate is a synthetic chemical produced for industry from benzyl alcohol and acetic acid, but is also naturally present in the essential oils of many plants, including jasmine and ylang ylang.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Journal of the American Chemical Society included an article by Garcia, Kevin J.; Gilbert, Michael M.; Weix, Daniel J.. Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene. The article was titled 《Nickel-Catalyzed Addition of Aryl Bromides to Aldehydes To Form Hindered Secondary Alcohols》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Transition-metal-catalyzed addition of aryl halides across carbonyls remains poorly developed, especially for aliphatic aldehydes and hindered substrate combinations. We report here that simple nickel complexes of bipyridine and PyBox can catalyze the addition of aryl halides to both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes using zinc metal as the reducing agent. This convenient approach tolerates acidic functional groups that are not compatible with Grignard reactions, yet sterically hindered substrates still couple in high yield (33 examples, 70% average yield). Mechanistic studies show that an arylnickel, and not an arylzinc, adds efficiently to cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde, but only in the presence of a Lewis acid co-catalyst (ZnBr2). The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene)

1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene Dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, Wittig reaction, and several nucleophilic substitution reactions are some of the principal reactions which involve organic bromides.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Journal of the American Chemical Society included an article by Yabushita, Kenya; Yuasa, Akihiro; Nagao, Kazunori; Ohmiya, Hirohisa. Application of 7073-94-1. The article was titled 《Asymmetric Catalysis Using Aromatic Aldehydes as Chiral α-Alkoxyalkyl Anions》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

We have developed a new umpolung strategy for catalytically forming a chiral α-alkoxyalkyl anion from an aromatic aldehyde for use in asym. synthesis. The reaction between aromatic aldehydes and aryl or allyl electrophiles with a silylboronate utilizing a chiral copper-N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst and a palladium-bisphosphine catalyst in a synergistic manner occurred with high enantioselectivities to deliver the three-component coupling products, chiral silyl-protected secondary alc. derivatives Our method features the catalytic generation of enantioenriched chiral α-alkoxyalkylcopper(I) intermediates from aldehydes and their subsequent palladium-catalyzed stereospecific cross-coupling. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1Application of 7073-94-1)

1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Application of 7073-94-1 Alkyl bromides are mainly used as alkylating agents and also find application as a solvent to extract oil from seeds and wool.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Journal of the American Chemical Society included an article by Barrio, Jesus del; Liu, Ji; Brady, Ryan A.; Tan, Cindy S. Y.; Chiodini, Stefano; Ricci, Maria; Fernandez-Leiro, Rafael; Tsai, Ching-Ju; Vasileiadi, Panagiota; Di Michele, Lorenzo; Lairez, Didier; Toprakcioglu, Chris; Scherman, Oren A.. HPLC of Formula: 623-24-5. The article was titled 《Emerging Two-Dimensional Crystallization of Cucurbit[8]uril Complexes: From Supramolecular Polymers to Nanofibers》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The binding of imidazolium salts to cucurbit[8]uril, CB[8], triggers a stepwise self-assembly process with semiflexible polymer chains and crystalline nanostructures as early- and late-stage species, resp. In such a process, which involves the crystallization of the host-guest complexes, the guest plays a critical role in directing self-assembly toward desirable morphologies. These include platelet-like aggregates and two-dimensional (2D) fibers, which, moreover, exhibit viscoelastic and lyotropic properties. Our observations provide a deeper understanding of the self-assembly of CB[8] complexes, with fundamental implications in the design of functional 2D systems and crystalline materials.1,4-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene(cas: 623-24-5HPLC of Formula: 623-24-5) was used in this study.

1,4-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene(cas: 623-24-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals.HPLC of Formula: 623-24-5 Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Copper (II) immobilized on magnetically separable L-arginine-β-cyclodextrin ligand system as a robust and green catalyst for direct oxidation of primary alcohols and benzyl halides to acids in neat conditions》 was published in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Nejad, Masoumeh Jadidi; Salamatmanesh, Arefe; Heydari, Akbar. Application of 586-76-5 The article mentions the following:

Copper (II) immobilized on L-arginine-β-cyclodextrin-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4@L-arginine-CD-Cu(II)) were successfully synthesized and fully characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, ICP, TGA and VSM techniques. The catalytic activity of these magnetically retrievable nanoparticles was evaluated in the direct oxidation of primary alcs. and benzyl halides to acids in neat conditions that was observed to proceed well and products were obtained in good yields. In addition to showing good catalytic activity, the magnetic catalyst is easy to synthesize and could be recycled at least five times with little loss in activity. In the experiment, the researchers used 4-Bromobenzoic acid(cas: 586-76-5Application of 586-76-5)

4-Bromobenzoic acid(cas: 586-76-5) has been used to study the metabolic fate of 2-,3-and 4-bromo benzoic acids in rat hepatocytes incubation using high temperature liquid chromatography.Application of 586-76-5 It was used in bromine-specific detection of the metabolites of 2-,3-and 4-bromobenzoic acid in the urine and bile of rats by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Extractive desulfurization of fuels using diglycol based deep eutectic solvents》 was published in Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering in 2020. These research results belong to Jha, Divyam; Haider, Mohd Belal; Kumar, Rakesh; Balathanigaimani, Marriyappan Sivagnanam. Formula: C19H18BrP The article mentions the following:

In this work, the effect of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) on sulfur extraction of organo-sulfur compounds was investigated. Different DESs were prepared using a common hydrogen bond donor, Diglycol, and different hydrogen bond acceptors. The effects of experiment variables such as temperature, DESs/feed ratio, and the time on desulfurization efficiency of different organo-sulfur compounds were also studied. Results show that Tetra Bu ammonium bromide based DES showed relatively higher sulfur removal capabilities (Dibenzothiophene (DBT): -92%, 2- Methylthiophene (2-MT): -86% and Thiophene (T): -71%) as compared to other DESs. Also, all DESs have higher DBT extraction efficiency followed by 2-MT and T. Further, non-random two liquids (NRTL) thermodn. model was employed to model liquid-liquid equilibrium The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3Formula: C19H18BrP)

Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3) is an organophosphorus compound, with potential use as a precursor and a solvent in organic synthesis. And it is used widely for methylenation via the Wittig reaction.Formula: C19H18BrP

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《A transient directing group strategy enables enantioselective reductive Heck hydroarylation of alkenes》 was written by Oxtoby, Lucas J.; Li, Zi-Qi; Tran, Van T.; Erbay, Tugce G.; Deng, Ruohan; Liu, Peng; Engle, Keary M.. Application of 6630-33-7 And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Metal-coordinating directing groups have seen extensive use in the field of transition-metal-catalyzed alkene functionalization; however, their waste-generating installation and removal steps limit the efficiency and practicality of reactions that rely on their use. Inspired by developments in asym. organocatalysis, where reactions rely on reversible covalent interactions between an organic substrate and a chiral mediator, we have developed a transient-directing-group approach to reductive Heck hydroarylation of alkenyl benzaldehyde substrates that proceeds under mild conditions. Highly stereoselective migratory insertion is facilitated by in situ formation of an imine from catalytic amounts of a com. available amino acid additive. Computational studies reveal an unusual mode of enantioinduction by the remote chiral center in the transient directing group. Metal-coordinating directing groups have seen extensive use in the field of transition-metal-mediated functionalization of alkenes; however, their waste-generating installation and removal steps limit the efficiency and practicality of reactions that rely on their use. Inspired by developments in the field of C-H activation, herein we report a transient directing group approach to reductive Heck hydroarylation of alkenyl benzaldehyde substrates that proceeds under mild conditions. Highly stereoselective migratory insertion is facilitated by in situ formation of an imine from catalytic amounts of com. available amino acid additive. Computational studies reveal an unusual mode of enantioinduction by the remote chiral center in the transient directing group. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found o-Bromobenzaldehyde(cas: 6630-33-7Application of 6630-33-7)

o-Bromobenzaldehyde(cas: 6630-33-7) is used in L-threonine aldolase-catalyzed enantio/diastereoselective aldol reactions.Application of 6630-33-7Synthetic applications of o-Bromobenzaldehyde include: synthesis of aza-fused polycyclic quinolines through copper-catalyzed cascade reaction, preparation of 1-substituted indazoles by CuI-catalyzed coupling with N-aryl hydrazides.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Development of a Scalable and Practical Synthesis of AB928, a Dual A2a/A2b Receptor Antagonist》 was written by Sharif, Ehesan U.; Miles, Dillon H.; Rosen, Brandon R.; Jeffrey, Jenna L.; Debien, Laurent P. P.; Powers, Jay P.; Leleti, Manmohan R.. Reference of 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2020. The article conveys some information:

First- and second-generation routes to the dual A2a/A2b receptor antagonist AB928 I are disclosed. The second-generation route (performed on multigram scale) prepared the aminochloropyridinylbenzonitrile II by a route avoiding palladium-catalyzed borylation and Suzuki coupling reactions required in the initial route which generated significant amounts of byproducts. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2Reference of 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid)

3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. The most pervasive is the naturally produced bromomethane.Reference of 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Farizyan, Mirxan; Mondal, Arup; Mal, Sourjya; Deufel, Fritz; van Gemmeren, Manuel published their research in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021. The article was titled 《Palladium-Catalyzed Nondirected Late-Stage C-H Deuteration of Arenes》.Computed Properties of C9H11Br The article contains the following contents:

Herein, palladium catalyzed nondirected late-stage deuteration of arenes is discussed. Key aspects include the use of D2O as a convenient and easily available deuterium source and the discovery of highly active N,N-bidentate ligands containing an N-acyl sulfonamide group. The reported protocol enables high degrees of deuterium incorporation via a reversible C-H activation step and features an extraordinary functional group tolerance, allowing for the deuteration of complex substrates. This is exemplified by the late-stage isotopic labeling of various pharmaceutically relevant motifs and related scaffolds. This method, among other applications, will prove useful as a tool in drug development processes and for mechanistic studies. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1Computed Properties of C9H11Br)

1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1) belongs to organobromine compounds.Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms , and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial , antitumor , antiviral , and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. Computed Properties of C9H11Br Moreover, several studies demonstrate that the average proportion of bromine in drugs is significantly higher than that in natural products.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Khedkar, Nilesh Raghunath; Irlapatti, Nageswara Rao; Dadke, Disha; Kanoje, Vijay; Shaikh, Zubair; Karche, Vijay; Shinde, Vikas; Deshmukh, Gokul; Patil, Amit; Jachak, Santosh; Phukan, Samiron; Kizhakinagath, Praveenkumar Anidil; Gholve, Milind; Bhankhede, Trupti; Daler, Jagadeesh; Nemade, Harshal Narendra; Budhe, Sagar; Pareek, Himani; Yeshodharan, Rajesh; Gupta, Rajesh; Kalia, Anil; Pandey, Dilip; Wagh, Akshaya; Kumar, Swaroop; Patil, Vinod; Modi, Dipak; Sharma, Nidhi; Ahirrao, Prajakta; Mehta, Maneesh; Kumar, Hemant; Nigade, Prashant; Tamane, Kaustubh; Mallurwar, Sadanand; Kuldharan, Sandip; Pawar, Shashikant; Vishwase, Gururaj; Bokan, Sanjay; Singh, Minakshi; Naik, Kumar; Ingawale, Sachin; Shankar, Rajesh; Kamalakannan, Prabakaran; Venugopal, Spinvin; George, Shaji K.; Padiya, Kamlesh J.; Nemmani, Kumar V. S.; Gundu, Jaysagar; Bhonde, Mandar; Narasimham, Lakshmi; Sindkhedkar, Milind; Shah, Chirag; Sinha, Neelima; Sharma, Sharad; Bakhle, Dhananjay; Kamboj, Rajender Kumar; Palle, Venkata P. published their research in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021. The article was titled 《Discovery of a Novel Potent and Selective Calcium Release-Activated Calcium Channel Inhibitor: 2,6-Difluoro-N-(2′-methyl-3′-(4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)benzamide. Structure-Activity Relationship and Preclinical Characterization》.Safety of 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid The article contains the following contents:

The role of calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels is well characterized and is of particular importance in T-cell function. CRAC channels are involved in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, making it an attractive therapeutic target for treating inflammatory diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A systematic structure-activity relationship study with the goal of optimizing lipophilicity successfully yielded two lead compounds, 36 and 37. Both compounds showed decent potency and selectivity and a remarkable pharmacokinetic profile. Further characterization in in vivo RA models and subsequent histopathol. evaluation of tissues led to the identification of 36 as a clin. candidate. Compound 36 displayed an excellent safety profile and had a sufficient safety margin to qualify it for use in human testing. Oral administration of 36 in Phase 1 clin. study in healthy volunteers established favorable safety, tolerability, and good target engagement as measured by levels of IL-2 and TNF-α. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2Safety of 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid)

3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2) belongs to organobromine compounds.The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. Safety of 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary