Month: October 2022

Organic bromides such as alkyl bromides are used as fumigants in agriculture to control insects. 90-59-5, formula is C7H4Br2O2, Name is 3,5-Dibromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Ethylene bromide is one of the commercially important organic bromides which are the component of leaded gasoline. Synthetic Route of 90-59-5.

Hassan, Entesar A.;Shehadi, Ihsan A.;Elmaghraby, Awatef M.;Mostafa, Hadir M.;Zayed, Salem E.;Abdelmonsef, Aboubakr H. research published 《 Synthesis, molecular docking analysis and in vitro biological evaluation of some new heterocyclic scaffolds-based indole moiety as possible antimicrobial agents》, the research content is summarized as follows. In the present study, a general approach for the synthesis of 1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3,3- dimercaptoprop-2-en-1-one (1) and 5-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (2) was performed. They are currently used as efficient precursors for the synthesis of some new compounds bearing five- and/or six-membered heterocyclic moieties, e.g., chromenol (3, 4), 3,4-dihydroquinoline (7, 8) and thiopyran (10, 12)-based indole core. In addition, mol. docking studies were achieved, which showed that all the newly synthesized compounds are interacting with the active site region of the target enzymes, the targets UDP-N-acetylmuramatel-alanine ligase (MurC), and human lanosterol14α-demethylase, through hydrogen bonds and pi-stacked interactions. Among these docked ligand mols., the compound (9) was found to have the min. binding energy (-11.5 and -8.5 Kcal/mol) as compared to the standard drug ampicillin (-8.0 and -8.1 Kcal/mol) against the target enzymes UDP-N-acetylmuramatel-alanine ligase (MurC), and Human lanosterol14α-demethylase, resp. Subsequently, all new synthesized analogs were screened for their antibacterial activities against Gram-pos. (Bacillus subtilis), and Gram-neg. bacteria (Escherichia coli), as well as for antifungal activities against Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. The obtained data suggest that the compounds exhibited good to excellent activity against bacterial and fungi strains. The compound (E)-2-(6-(1H-indole-3-carbonyl)-5-thioxotetrahydrothieno [3,2-b]furan-2(3H)- ylidene)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-3-oxopropanedithioic acid (9) showed a high binding affinity as well as an excellent biol. activity. Therefore, it could serve as the lead for further optimization and to arrive at potential antimicrobial agent.

90-59-5, 3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde reacts with alkyl cyanoacetates in the presence of ammonium acetate to yield 4H- chromenes.

3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde, also known as 3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde, is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C7H4Br2O2 and its molecular weight is 279.91 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde reacts with alkyl cyanoacetates in the presence of ammonium acetate to yield 4H- chromenes. 3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde can be used in the synthesis of Schiff base and can be used as reactant for synthesis of Schiff base ligands which forms mononuclear complexes with copper(II), nickel(II), zinc(II) and cobalt(II).

3,5-Dibromosalicylaldehyde is a copper complex that has been synthesized from 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde and copper chloride. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the coordination geometry of the copper complex is octahedral with two nitrogen atoms in the equatorial plane. The presence of hydrogen bonding interactions was confirmed by homologous protein adsorption experiments. This chemical structure was determined using X-ray crystallography and fluorescence probe experiments. The copper complex showed high affinity for malonic acid, which is an ester hydrochloride. The molecular mechanism of this interaction is based on adsorption, which occurs through hydrogen bonding interactions and hydrophobic interactions. Structural analysis revealed that the polymeric matrix consists of a three-dimensional network of crosslinked chains, while FTIR analysis indicated a possible disulfide bond between two cysteine residues., Synthetic Route of 90-59-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Vinyl bromides undergo the Heck reaction, which involves C-C coupling with alkene to give substituted alkenes. 4897-84-1, formula is C5H9BrO2, Name is Methyl 4-bromobutanoate. Methyl bromide is a precursor in the manufacture of several chemicals and is employed as a soil sterilant, mainly for seed production. Application In Synthesis of 4897-84-1.

Hassan, Ahmed H. E.;Cho, Min Chang;Kim, Hye In;Yang, Ji Seul;Park, Kyung Tae;Hwang, Ji Young;Jang, Choon-Gon;Park, Ki Duk;Lee, Yong Sup research published 《 Synthesis of oxidative metabolites of CRA13 and their analogs: Identification of CRA13 active metabolites and analogs thereof with selective CB₂R affinity》, the research content is summarized as follows. CRA13; a peripheral dual CB₁R/CB₂R agonist with clin. proven analgesic properties, infiltrates into CNS producing adverse effects due to central CB₁R agonism. Such adverse effects might be circumvented by less lipophilic compounds with attenuated CB₁R affinity. Metabolism produces less lipophilic metabolites that might be active metabolites. Some CRA13 oxidative metabolites and their analogs were synthesized as less lipophilic CRA13 analogs. Probing their CB₁R and CB₂R activity revealed the alc. metabolite I as a more potent and more effective CB₂R ligand with attenuated CB₁R affinity relative to CRA13. Also, the alc. analog II and Me ester III possessed enhanced CB₂R affinity and reduced CB₁R affinity. The CB₂R binding affinity of alc. analog II was similar to CRA13 while that of Me ester III was more potent. In silico study provided insights into the possible mol. interactions that might explain the difference in the elicited biol. activity of these compounds

Application In Synthesis of 4897-84-1, Methyl 4-bromobutyrate,also as known as 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester, is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C5H9BrO2 and its molecular weight is 181.03 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester is a synthetic compound that can be used to inhibit the activity of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinases. It has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by alkylating the amino groups of proteins and fatty acids. 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester also inhibits the growth of cancer cell lines, such as renal carcinoma cells. The mechanism of action for this drug is not well understood, but it may be due to its ability to bind with monoclonal antibodies and enter kidney cells by passive diffusion., 4897-84-1.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Organic compounds having carbon bonded to bromine are called organic bromides. 70-23-5, formula is C5H7BrO3, Name is Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate. Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Application In Synthesis of 70-23-5.

Haroon, Muhammad;de Barros Dias, Mabilly Cox Holanda;Santos, Aline Caroline da Silva;Pereira, Valeria Rego Alves;Barros Freitas, Luiz Alberto;Balbinot, Rodolfo Bento;Kaplum, Vanessa;Nakamura, Celso Vataru;Alves, Luiz Carlos;Brayner, Fabio Andre;Leite, Ana Cristina Lima;Akhtar, Tashfeen research published 《 The design, synthesis, and in vitro trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities of 1,3-thiazole and 4-thiazolidinone ester derivatives》, the research content is summarized as follows. Given this, novel 1,3-thiazoles I (Ar = Ph, 3-chlorophenyl, furan-2-yl, etc.; R = H, Me) and 4-thiazolidinones II (R¹ = (phenylmethylidene)aminyl, [(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]aminyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-iminyl, etc.; R² = Me, Et) using bioisosteric and esterification strategies to develop improved and safer drug candidates were synthesized. Then, in vitro assays were performed, against Leishmania infantum and Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes, Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes and amastigotes, for selected compounds I and II to determine IC₅₀ and SI, with cytotoxicity on LLC-MK2 cell lines. Overall, 1,3-thiazoles I exhibited better trypanocidal activity than 4-thiazolidinones II. The compound I[Ar = 2-bromophenyl, R = H] (III), an ortho-bromobenzylidene-substituted 1,3-thiazole (IC₅₀ = 0.83μM), is the most potent of them all. In addition, compounds I and II had negligible cytotoxicity in mammalian cells (CC₅₀ values > 50μM). Also noteworthy is the examination of the cell death mechanism of T. cruzi, which showed that compound III induced necrosis and apoptosis in the parasite. SEM anal. demonstrated that the treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigote cells with the compound III at different IC₅₀ concentrations promoted alterations in the shape, flagella and body surface, inducing parasite death. Together, the data revealed a novel series of 1,3-thiazole structure-based compounds I with promising activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp., broadening ways for scaffold optimization.

Application In Synthesis of 70-23-5, Ethyl bromopyruvate molecular formula is C5H7BrO3 and its molecular weight is 195.01 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is used in a synthesis of thioxothiazolidines from carbon disulfide and primary amines.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is a chemical inhibitor that inhibits the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is responsible for the conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA. This inhibition leads to a decrease in ATP levels and can cause metabolic disorders. Ethyl bromopyruvate is used as an anthelmintic drug and in asymmetric synthesis. It is also used in the synthesis of thiostrepton, an antibiotic that has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae., 70-23-5.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine. 70-23-5, formula is C5H7BrO3, Name is Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate, Application In Synthesis of 70-23-5

Haroon, Muhammad;Akhtar, Tashfeen;Yousuf, Muhammad;Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz;Rasheed, Lubna;Zahra, Syeda Saniya;Haq, Ihsan ul;Ashfaq, Muhammad research published 《 Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface investigation and comparative DFT studies of ethyl 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate》, the research content is summarized as follows. The Et 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate, a thiazole ester, was synthesized by refluxing 1-(2-nitrobenzylidene)thiosemicarbazide and Et bromopyruvate. The compound is characterized by spectrometric, spectroscopic and single crystal (SC-XRD) techniques. Non-covalent interactions that are responsible for crystal packing are explored by Hirshfeld surface anal. All theor. calculations were performed by DFT quantum chem. methods using 6-311G(d,p) and cc-pVTZ basis sets and compared. Theor. harmonic frequencies of Et 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate were optimized. Confirmation of hydrogen bonding sites was analyzed by mol. electrostatic potential (MEP) and Mulliken population anal. The vibrational frequencies of characteristic functional groups and chem. shifts were found in good agreement with exptl. assignments. Frontier MO (FMO) revealed relatively small HOMO-LUMO (HOMO-LUMO) gape, which speaks off the nearly planar geometry and extended conjugation, as compared to the substituents with no conjugation possible. It has also been observed that -NO2 substituent plays a vital role for this relatively small HOMO-LUMO gape and overall electronic properties when compared with similar thiazole carboxylates. Et 2-[2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)hydrazinyl]thiazole-4-carboxylate was also evaluated for its anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities.

70-23-5, Ethyl bromopyruvate molecular formula is C5H7BrO3 and its molecular weight is 195.01 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is used in a synthesis of thioxothiazolidines from carbon disulfide and primary amines.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is a chemical inhibitor that inhibits the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is responsible for the conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA. This inhibition leads to a decrease in ATP levels and can cause metabolic disorders. Ethyl bromopyruvate is used as an anthelmintic drug and in asymmetric synthesis. It is also used in the synthesis of thiostrepton, an antibiotic that has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae., Application In Synthesis of 70-23-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine. 70-23-5, formula is C5H7BrO3, Name is Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate, Reference of 70-23-5

Hao, Zesheng;Yu, Bin;Gao, Wei;Chen, Haoyin;Yang, Dongyan;Lv, You;Zhang, Yue;Chen, Lei;Fan, Zhijin research published 《 Design, synthesis and fungicidal activity of pyrazole-thiazole carboxamide derivatives》, the research content is summarized as follows. Twenty-one novel pyrazole-thiazole carboxamide derivatives were rationally designed and synthesized I [R = 2-(p-tolyl)ethyl, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl, 2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethyl, etc.] and II. Bioassay results indicated that I [R = 2-(p-tolyl)ethyl, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl] (EC₅₀ = 5.11μg/mL), (EC₅₀ = 8.14μg/mL) resp. exhibited better in-vitro activities than fluxapyroxad (EC₅₀ = 11.93μg/mL) and thifluzamide (EC₅₀ = 22.12μg/mL) against Rhizoctonia cerealis. Particularly, compound I [R = 2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl] showed promising in-vivo protective activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Puccinia sorghi Schw. with 80% and 90% inhibition at 10μg/mL, resp. Pyrazole-thiazole I was a promising fungicide lead deserving for further derivation.

Reference of 70-23-5, Ethyl bromopyruvate molecular formula is C5H7BrO3 and its molecular weight is 195.01 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is used in a synthesis of thioxothiazolidines from carbon disulfide and primary amines.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is a chemical inhibitor that inhibits the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is responsible for the conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA. This inhibition leads to a decrease in ATP levels and can cause metabolic disorders. Ethyl bromopyruvate is used as an anthelmintic drug and in asymmetric synthesis. It is also used in the synthesis of thiostrepton, an antibiotic that has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae., 70-23-5.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Organic bromides such as alkyl bromides are used as fumigants in agriculture to control insects. 402-49-3, formula is C8H6BrF3, Name is 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene. Ethylene bromide is one of the commercially important organic bromides which are the component of leaded gasoline. HPLC of Formula: 402-49-3.

Han, Xue;Shan, Li-Xin;Zhu, Jin-Xin;Zhang, Chang-Sheng;Zhang, Xiao-Ming;Zhang, Fu-Min;Wang, Hong;Tu, Yong-Qiang;Yang, Ming;Zhang, Wen-Shuo research published 《 Copper-Nitrene-Catalyzed Desymmetric Oxaziridination/1,2-Alkyl Rearrangement of 1,3-Diketones toward Bicyclic Lactams》, the research content is summarized as follows. The novel copper-nitrene-catalyzed desym. oxaziridination reaction of cyclic diketones with alkyl azides and the subsequent rearrangement of the resulting highly active intermediate, which produces a synthetically challenging chiral bicyclic lactam containing a quaternary carbon center were reported. This procedure not only enriches the copper-nitrene-catalyzed asym. reactions, but also provides an alternative strategy to address the inherent challenges of catalytic asym. Schmidt reactions. This unique reaction could inspire the investigation of novel copper-nitrene-catalyzed asym. transformations and their reaction mechanisms.

HPLC of Formula: 402-49-3, 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H6BrF3 and its molecular weight is 239.03 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide is a choline derivative that acts as an anticancer agent. It is structurally similar to the anticancer drug doxorubicin, which has been shown to be effective against breast cancer and leukemia. 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide interacts with cellular proteins, including choline kinase, and inhibits the mitochondrial pathway. This leads to cell death through apoptosis. The molecule also interacts with nucleotide bases such as thymine and cytosine in DNA, inhibiting transcription and replication. 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide binds strongly to the hydroxyl group of cholesterol by an electrophilic substitution mechanism to form a covalent bond with its hydroxy group. The molecule can also bind to chloride ions by an ionic bond., 402-49-3.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine. 402-49-3, formula is C8H6BrF3, Name is 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene, Electric Literature of 402-49-3

Han, Ming-Liang;Chen, Jun-Jie;Xu, Hui;Huang, Zhi-Cong;Huang, Wei;Liu, Yu-Wen;Wang, Xing;Liu, Min;Guo, Zi-Qiong;Dai, Hui-Xiong research published 《 Palladium/Norbornene-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Difunctionalization of Thioesters》, the research content is summarized as follows. Herein, a novel decarbonylative Catellani reaction via palladium-catalyzed, norbornene (NBE)-mediated polyfunctionalization of aromatic thioesters, which served as readily available carboxylic acid derivs was reported. A variety of alkenyl, alkyl, aryl and sulfur moieties was conveniently introduced into the ipso-positions of the aromatic thioesters. By combining carboxyl-directed C-H functionalization and the classical Catellani reaction, this protocol allows for the construction of 1,2,3-trisubstituted and 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted arenes from simple aromatic acids. Furthermore, the late-stage functionalization of a series of drug mols. highlights the potential utility of the reaction.

402-49-3, 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H6BrF3 and its molecular weight is 239.03 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide is a choline derivative that acts as an anticancer agent. It is structurally similar to the anticancer drug doxorubicin, which has been shown to be effective against breast cancer and leukemia. 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide interacts with cellular proteins, including choline kinase, and inhibits the mitochondrial pathway. This leads to cell death through apoptosis. The molecule also interacts with nucleotide bases such as thymine and cytosine in DNA, inhibiting transcription and replication. 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide binds strongly to the hydroxyl group of cholesterol by an electrophilic substitution mechanism to form a covalent bond with its hydroxy group. The molecule can also bind to chloride ions by an ionic bond., Electric Literature of 402-49-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Organobromine compounds, also called organobromides, are organic compounds that contain carbon bonded to bromine. 4224-70-8, formula is C6H11BrO2, The most pervasive is the naturally produced bromomethane. Application In Synthesis of 4224-70-8

Han, Jingjing;Li, Haidong;Zhao, Luyang;Kim, Gyoungmi;Chen, Yahui;Yan, Xuehai;Yoon, Juyoung research published 《 Albumin-mediated “Unlocking” of supramolecular prodrug-like nanozymes toward selective imaging-guided phototherapy》, the research content is summarized as follows. Construction of an activatable photosensitizer and integration into an adaptive nanozyme during phototherapy without producing off-target toxicity remains a challenge. Herein, we have fabricated a prodrug-like supramol. nanozyme based on a metallic-curcumin and cyanine co-assembly. The albumin-mediated phenol AOH group transformation of nanozyme changes its adjustable oxygen stress from neg. superoxide dismutase-like activity of ROS-scavenging to pos. photo oxidase activity with an ROS-amplifying capacity. It further increases the depth penetration of a nanozyme in a tumor spheroid, selectively targeting tumorous phototherapy. It also triggers a signal in targeted tumor cells and helps increase cancer cell ablation. This work suggests new options for development of activatable supramol. nanozymes and provides a synergetic prodrug-like nanozyme strategy for early diagnosis and preclin. phototherapeutics.

4224-70-8, 6-bromohexanoic acid is an organobromine compound comprising hexanoic acid having a bromo substituent at the 6-position. It derives from a hexanoic acid.
6-Bromohexanoic acid is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C6H11BrO2 and its molecular weight is 195.05 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
6-Bromohexanoic acid is useful for the preparation of anti-CTLA4 compounds as antitumor agents.
6-Bromohexanoic acid is a fatty acid that has been shown to be an effective agent for the treatment of cancer. It is used in gene therapy to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by binding to and then activating transcription factors. 6-Bromohexanoic acid can also be used as a chemotherapeutic agent and has been shown to cause apoptosis in monoclonal antibody-treated cells. 6-Bromohexanoic acid has pharmacokinetic properties that are similar to those of other fatty acids. The reaction solution was found to have high chemical stability, which may be due to the presence of nitrogen atoms. This reaction solution was found to adsorb onto the surface of monoclonal antibodies and cell culture, altering their properties., Application In Synthesis of 4224-70-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine. 4897-84-1, formula is C5H9BrO2, Name is Methyl 4-bromobutanoate, Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-bromobutanoate

Han, Hae Ji;Lee, Sung-Sik;Kang, Seok Min;Kim, Yerin;Park, Chanho;Yoo, Suah;Kim, Chul Hee;Oh, Young-Ho;Lee, Sungyul;Kim, Dong Wook research published 《 The Effects of Structural Modifications of Bis-tert-alcohol-Functionalized Crown-Calix[4]arenes as Nucleophilic Fluorination Promotors and Relations with Computational Predictions》, the research content is summarized as follows. The authors prepared four structurally modified bis-tert-alc. functionalized crown ether-strapped calix[4]arene promoters, i.e., bis-tert-alc. functionalized crown-5-calix[4]arene (BA5C), bis-tert-alc. functionalized crown-7-calix[4]arene (BA7C), bis-1,1-dimethylbutanol functionalized crown 6-calix[4]arene (B3A6C), and bis-1,1-dimethylhexanol functionalized crown 6-calix[4]arene (B5AC6C). Nucleophilic fluorinations were conducted using alkali metal fluorides to study phase-transfer catalytic activities with respect to the sizes of crown ether-strapped calix[4]arene (CEC) subunits and lengths of alkyl chain spacers between tert-alc. and CEC subunits. The reactivity of potassium fluoride was significantly enhanced by BA5C promoter because its crown-5-calix[4]arene subunit had cavity size appropriate for K⁺ capture. In contrast, BA7C did not efficiently enhance cesium fluoride S_N2 fluorination because its crown-7-calix[4]arene cavity was too large to capture Cs⁺. The alkyl spacer of bis-tert-alc. functionalized CEC provided sufficient distance between F^– and Cs⁺. In particular, the three-component alkyl carbon chain of B3A6C was optimal in terms of increasing CsF reactivity. Systematic quantum chem. anal. predicted that fluorination reactions facilitated by bis-tert-alc.-substituted crown-6-calix[4]arene (BACCA) and B3A6C might proceed via separated ion-pair type pre-reaction complexes, which suggested that these two promotors act as Lewis bases that essentially sep. CsF ion-pairs. The lower (by 0.4 kcal/mol) Gibbs free energy of activation for the reaction promoted by B3A6C than that facilitated by BACCA concurred with the exptl. observed slightly greater efficiency of B3A6C than BACCA.

Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-bromobutanoate, Methyl 4-bromobutyrate,also as known as 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester, is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C5H9BrO2 and its molecular weight is 181.03 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester is a synthetic compound that can be used to inhibit the activity of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinases. It has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by alkylating the amino groups of proteins and fatty acids. 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester also inhibits the growth of cancer cell lines, such as renal carcinoma cells. The mechanism of action for this drug is not well understood, but it may be due to its ability to bind with monoclonal antibodies and enter kidney cells by passive diffusion., 4897-84-1.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine. 4897-84-1, formula is C5H9BrO2, Name is Methyl 4-bromobutanoate, Formula: C5H9BrO2

Han, Guiyan;Liu, Na;Li, Chenglan;Tu, Jie;Li, Zhuang;Sheng, Chunquan research published 《 Discovery of Novel Fungal Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51)/Histone Deacetylase Dual Inhibitors to Treat Azole-Resistant Candidiasis》, the research content is summarized as follows. Invasive fungal infections (particularly candidiasis) are emerging as severe infectious diseases worldwide. Because of serious antifungal drug resistance, therapeutic efficacy of the current treatment for candidiasis is limited and associated with high mortality. However, it is highly challenging to develop novel strategies and effective therapeutic agents to combat drug resistance. Herein, the first generation of lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51)-histone deacetylase (HDAC) dual inhibitors was designed, which exhibited potent antifungal activity against azole-resistant clin. isolates. In particular, compounds 12h(II) and 15j(I) were highly active both in vitro and in vivo to treat azole-resistant candidiasis. Antifungal mechanism studies revealed that they acted by blocking ergosterol biosynthesis and HDAC catalytic activity in fungus, suppressing the function of efflux pump, yeast-to-hypha morphol. transition, and biofilm formation. Therefore, CYP51-HDAC dual inhibitors represent a promising strategy to develop novel antifungal agents against azole-resistant candidiasis.

4897-84-1, Methyl 4-bromobutyrate,also as known as 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester, is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C5H9BrO2 and its molecular weight is 181.03 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester is a synthetic compound that can be used to inhibit the activity of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinases. It has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by alkylating the amino groups of proteins and fatty acids. 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester also inhibits the growth of cancer cell lines, such as renal carcinoma cells. The mechanism of action for this drug is not well understood, but it may be due to its ability to bind with monoclonal antibodies and enter kidney cells by passive diffusion., Formula: C5H9BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary