Month: November 2022

The author of 《Investigation of the features in living anionic polymerization with styrene derivatives containing annular substituents》 were Bai, Hongyuan; Zhang, Zhi; Ma, Hongwei; Han, Li; Mu, Xiaochun; Huang, Wei; Liu, Pibo; Wu, Yibo. And the article was published in Polymer Chemistry in 2019. Recommanded Product: 1779-49-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Five styrene derivatives with annular substituents (SAs), called (1-cyclopentylvinyl)benzene (CPBE), (1-cyclohexylvinyl)benzene (CHBE), 1-methylene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (THNE), 5-methylene-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-benzo[7]annulene (THBE) and 4-methylenethiochromane (META), were successfully synthesized and living anionic polymerization was conducted. Among these SAs, CPBE and CHBE possessed dissociative cycloparaffins as the α-substituent in the styrene structure, while THNE and THBE exhibited vinyl-substituted benzo-cycloalkanes. Addnl., the META monomer showed a similar structure to that of THNE, but with a sulfur atom in the benzo-cycloalkane. Due to the presence of bulky cyclic structures in these mols., similar non-homopolymerization characteristics, such as is the case of 1,1-diphenylethylene (DPE) derivatives, were discovered during living anionic polymerization (LAP). Thus, the living anionic copolymerization of these SAs with styrene (St) was performed to investigate their specific features. All of the copolymers exhibited narrow polydispersity, without any unexpected side-reaction over multiple variations in the reaction conditions. The investigations of their features in living anionic copolymerization of these five SAs showed that CPBE and CHBE were difficult to incorporate into chains, THNE and THBE exhibited relatively higher reactivity than the above two, while META presented the highest reactivity (rSt = 2.6) among the five SAs. Meanwhile, d. functional theor. (DFT) calculations were used to simulate the optimal structures of these SAs and to theor. understand the differences in their reactivity. Based on the actual results of the specific features of the SAs, it is possible to explore new monomers for further synthesis of sequence-controlled polymers using the living anionic polymerization strategy. Furthermore, this new insight into a monomer synthetic strategy can be expanded for subsequent sequence control and tailoring of the polymer properties. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3Recommanded Product: 1779-49-3)

Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3) is an organophosphorus compound, with potential use as a precursor and a solvent in organic synthesis. And it is used widely for methylenation via the Wittig reaction.Recommanded Product: 1779-49-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Nickel-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov hydroarylation of unactivated alkenes with unactivated arenes facilitated by non-covalent interactions》 was published in Nature Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Saper, Noam I.; Ohgi, Akito; Small, David W.; Semba, Kazuhiko; Nakao, Yoshiaki; Hartwig, John F.. Safety of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide The article mentions the following:

Abstract: Anti-Markovnikov additions to alkenes have been a longstanding goal of catalysis, and anti-Markovnikov addition of arenes to alkenes would produce alkylarenes that are distinct from those formed by acid-catalyzed processes. Existing hydroarylations are either directed or occur with low reactivity and low regioselectivity for the n-alkylarene. Herein, we report the first undirected hydroarylation of unactivated alkenes with unactivated arenes that occurs with high regioselectivity for the anti-Markovnikov product. The reaction occurs with a nickel catalyst ligated by a highly sterically hindered N-heterocyclic carbene. Catalytically relevant arene- and alkene-bound nickel complexes have been characterized, and the rate-limiting step was shown to be reductive elimination to form the C-C bond. D. functional theory calculations, combined with second-generation absolutely localized MO energy decomposition anal., suggest that the difference in activity between catalysts containing large and small carbenes results more from stabilizing intramol. non-covalent interactions in the secondary coordination sphere than from steric hindrance. The first undirected hydroarylation of unactivated alkenes RCH=CHR1 (R = C8H17, cyclohexyl, C(CH3)3, etc.; R1 = H, CH3, C2H5, C3H7) with unactivated arenes R2C6H5 (R2 = 3-CH3, 3,4-(CH3)2, 3,5-(CF3)2, etc.) occurs with high regioselectivity for the anti-Markovnikov product, e.g., I. The reaction occurs with a Ni catalyst ligated by a highly sterically hindered N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC). Catalytically relevant arene- and alkene-bound Ni complexes have been characterized, and the rate-limiting step was shown to be reductive elimination to form the C-C bond. DFT calculations, combined with energy decomposition anal. (EDA), suggest that the difference in activity between catalysts containing large and small carbenes results more from stabilizing intramol., non-covalent interactions in the secondary coordination sphere than from steric hindrance. In addition to this study using Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, there are many other studies that have used Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3Safety of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide) was used in this study.

Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3) is used for methylenation through the Wittig reaction. It is utilized in the synthesis of an enyne and 9-isopropenyl -phenanthrene by using sodium amide as reagent. Safety of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Base- and Catalyst-Induced Orthogonal Site Selectivities in Acylation of Amphiphilic Diols》 was published in Organic Letters in 2020. These research results belong to Ashush, Natali; Fallek, Reut; Fallek, Amit; Dobrovetsky, Roman; Portnoy, Moshe. SDS of cas: 17696-11-6 The article mentions the following:

Seeking to selectively functionalize natural and synthetic amphiphiles, we explored acylation of model amphiphilic diols. The use of a nucleophilic catalyst enabled a remarkable shift of the site selectivity from the polar site, preferred in background noncatalyzed or base-promoted reactions, to the apolar site. This tendency was significantly enhanced for organocatalysts comprising an imidazole active site surrounded by long/branched tails. An explanation of these orthogonal modes of selectivity is supported by competitive experiments with monoalc. substrates. The experimental process involved the reaction of 8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6SDS of cas: 17696-11-6)

8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6) acid is used in the synthesis of 8-(N-Methyl-4,4′-bipyridinyl)- octanoic acid. 8-Mercaptooctanoic acid was prepared from 8-bromooctanoic acid.SDS of cas: 17696-11-6

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《CuSO4-Catalyzed Tandem C(sp3)-H Insertion Cyclization of Toluenes with Isonitriles to Form Indoles》 was published in Organic Letters in 2020. These research results belong to Shan, Xiang-Huan; Wang, Mei-Mei; Tie, Lin; Qu, Jian-Ping; Kang, Yan-Biao. Computed Properties of C6H5Br2N The article mentions the following:

A CuSO4-catalyzed tandem benzylic C-H insertion cyclization of toluene derivatives and isonitriles is described. The naturally abundant salt CuSO4 serves as a low-cost ligand-free redox catalyst. This reaction provides a practical modular synthesis of N-aryl indoles from isonitriles.3,5-Dibromoaniline(cas: 626-40-4Computed Properties of C6H5Br2N) was used in this study.

3,5-Dibromoaniline(cas: 626-40-4) belongs to anime. Amines can be classified according to the nature and number of substituents on nitrogen. Aliphatic amines contain only H and alkyl substituents. Aromatic amines have the nitrogen atom connected to an aromatic ring.Important amines include amino acids, biogenic amines, trimethylamine, and aniline. Inorganic derivatives of ammonia are also called amines, such as monochloramine (NClH2).Computed Properties of C6H5Br2N

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Acceptor-density engineering of push-pull typed carbazole derivatives for improving luminescent efficiency and mechanoresponsive luminescence》 was published in Journal of Luminescence in 2020. These research results belong to Li, Jie; Yin, Xiangkai; Xia, Yan; Fan, Congcong; Xie, Jingjuan; Wu, Yuling; Guo, Kunpeng. Application of 6825-20-3 The article mentions the following:

Improving luminous efficiency and mechanoresponsive luminescent (MRL) performance are significant issues in developing functional fluorescent materials. Herein, three push-pull typed carbazole derivatives with similar building blocks but differing in 2-vinylphenylmalononitrile acceptor numbers form mono- (m-VPMCz) to bis- (b-VPMCz) and tetra- (t-VPMCz) were designed and synthesized. Their luminescent properties in solution and aggregate states, as well as MRL performance were investigated. It was demonstrated that t-VPMCz with the highest acceptor-d. and a highly twisted configuration achieved the highest luminescent efficiency in both solution and aggregation. B-VPMCz adopting a moderately twisted structure with two acceptor units exhibited the most remarkable MRL performance accompanied with the most distinct phase transition upon grinding. Our results suggest that rational control over the acceptor-d. on push-pull typed mols. would be a promising way for realizing advanced functional fluorescent materials. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Application of 6825-20-3)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent. And it has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Application of 6825-20-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Reduction of CO2 by Hydrosilanes in the Presence of Formamidinates of Group 13 and 12 Elements》 was published in Organometallics in 2020. These research results belong to Huang, Weiheng; Roisnel, Thierry; Dorcet, Vincent; Orione, Clement; Kirillov, Evgueni. Synthetic Route of Br3In The article mentions the following:

Homoleptic complexes I-M of groups 13 and 12 elements (M = B-In and M = Zn, resp.) incorporating electron-withdrawing formamidinate ligands {(C6F5)N = CH-N(C6F5)}-({NCN}-) were synthesized and isolated in high yields. The compounds were characterized by X-ray crystallog., NMR spectroscopy and elemental anal. While single-component I-M appeared to be sluggishly active or inactive in reduction of CO2 with hydrosilanes, a good catalytic performance was achieved with the two-component systems derived from combinations of I-M and E(C6F5)3 (E = B, Al). In particular, the binary combination I-Al/B(C6F5)3 showed the best performance within the whole series, thus providing quant. hydrosilane (Et3SiH) conversions under a range of conditions (PCO2, temperature, benzene or bromobenzene solvents) and affording mainly CH2(OSiEt3)2 and CH4 as products. Kinetic and mechanistic studies revealed that at the initiation step the binary catalytic systems undergo a complex transformation in the presence of CO2/Et3SiH affording the products of I-Al decomposition, namely, (C6F5)N(H)SiEt3, (C6F5)N(Me)SiEt3, {NCN}-SiEt3 and also some unidentified aluminum species. Thus, the overall process of the reduction of CO2 with hydrosilanes is presumed to be catalyzed by complex multisite systems, evolved from the formamidinate precursor I-Al, implicating different tandem combinations of N-base/B(C6F5)3 with putative Al-containing species.Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3Synthetic Route of Br3In) was used in this study.

Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3) is used as a catalyst to produce dithioacetals when unactivated alkynes react with thiols and fields such as optics and microelectronics that utilize semiconductor technology have wide uses for indium in high-performing solar cells.Synthetic Route of Br3In

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《A Click-Chemistry-Based Enrichable Crosslinker for Structural and Protein Interaction Analysis by Mass Spectrometry》 was published in ChemBioChem in 2020. These research results belong to Stadlmeier, Michael; Runtsch, Leander Simon; Streshnev, Filipp; Wuehr, Martin; Carell, Thomas. Safety of Methyl 3-bromopropanoate The article mentions the following:

Mass spectrometry is the method of choice for the characterization of proteomes. Most proteins operate in protein complexes, in which their close association modulates their function. However, with standard MS anal., information on protein-protein interactions is lost and no structural information is retained. To gain structural and interactome data, new crosslinking reagents are needed that freeze inter- and intramol. interactions. Herein, the development of a new reagent, which has several features that enable highly sensitive crosslinking MS, is reported. The reagent enables enrichment of crosslinked peptides from the majority of background peptides to facilitate efficient detection of low-abundant crosslinked peptides. Due to the special cleavable properties, the reagent can be used for MS2 and potentially for MS3 experiments Thus, the new crosslinking reagent, in combination with high-end MS, should enable sensitive anal. of interactomes, which will help researchers to obtain important insights into cellular states in health and diseases. In addition to this study using Methyl 3-bromopropanoate, there are many other studies that have used Methyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 3395-91-3Safety of Methyl 3-bromopropanoate) was used in this study.

Methyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 3395-91-3) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Safety of Methyl 3-bromopropanoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《The influence of hypoxia and energy depletion on the response of endothelial cells to the vascular disrupting agent combretastatin A-4-phosphate》 was published in Scientific Reports in 2020. These research results belong to Holmes, Toby; Brown, Andrew W.; Suggitt, Marie; Shaw, Lucy A.; Simpson, Lucy; Harrity, Joseph P. A.; Tozer, Gillian M.; Kanthou, Chryso. Formula: C9H11BrO3 The article mentions the following:

Combretastatin A-4 phosphate (CA4P) is a microtubule-disrupting tumor-selective vascular disrupting agent (VDA). While hypoxia renders tumors resistant to many conventional therapies, little is known about its influence on VDA activity. Here, we found that active RhoA and ROCK effector phospho-myosin light chain (pMLC) were downregulated in endothelial cells by severe hypoxia. CA4P failed to activate RhoA/ROCK/pMLC but its activity was restored upon reoxygenation. Hypoxia also inhibited CA4P-mediated actinomyosin contractility, VE-cadherin junction disruption and permeability rise. Glucose withdrawal downregulated pMLC, and coupled with hypoxia, reduced pMLC faster and more profoundly than hypoxia alone. Concurrent inhibition of glycolysis (2-deoxy-D-glucose, 2DG) and mitochondrial respiration (rotenone) caused profound actin filament loss, blocked RhoA/ROCK signalling and rendered microtubules CA4P-resistant. Withdrawal of the metabolism inhibitors restored the cytoskeleton and CA4P activity. The AMP-activated kinase AMPK was investigated as a potential mediator of pMLC downregulation. Pharmacol. AMPK activators that generate AMP, unlike allosteric activators, downregulated pMLC but only when combined with 2DG and/or rotenone. Altogether, our results suggest that Rho/ROCK and actinomyosin contractility are regulated by AMP/ATP levels independently of AMPK, and point to hypoxia/energy depletion as potential modifiers of CA4P response. In the experiment, the researchers used 1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene(cas: 2675-79-8Formula: C9H11BrO3)

1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene(cas: 2675-79-8) is an important raw material and intermediate used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and dyestuff.Formula: C9H11BrO31-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene can be used to synthesize N,N′-diarylated indolo[3,2-b]carbazole derivatives, which can find applications in electrophotography.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Conjugated microporous polymer network grafted carbon nanotube fibers with tunable redox activity for efficient flexible wearable energy storage》 was published in Chemistry of Materials in 2020. These research results belong to Wei, Lyu; Zhang, Weiyi; Liu, He; Liu, Yunpeng; Zuo, Hongyu; Yan, Chunna; Faul, Charl F. J.; Thomas, Arne; Zhu, Meifang; Liao, Yaozu. Safety of Tris(4-bromophenyl)amine The article mentions the following:

Fiber-shaped supercapacitors (FSCs) are promising energy storage devices that meet the growing demands for the miniaturization, flexibility, and compatibility of wearable electronics. However, when compared with batteries, the low energy d. remains the main limitation to practical applications. A conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) network synthesized using Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reactions featured tailorable porous structures, reversible redox chem., and demonstrated highly efficient capacitive performance. Herein, the CMP network that grafted on carbon nanotube fibers (CNF@CMP) with high areal specific capacitance (671.9 mF cm-2 at a c.d. of 1 mA cm-2) was successfully achieved for a polytriphenylamine (PTPA)-based network. All-solid-state sym.-twisted CNF@PTPA FSCs fabricated with PVA/H3PO4 as a gel electrolyte exhibited a high specific areal capacitance of 398 mF cm-2 (0.28 mA cm-2), a maximal operating voltage of 1.4 V, and an energy d. of 18.33μWh cm-2. Moreover, they showed excellent flexibility and mech. stability retaining 84.5% of the initial capacitance after 10,000 bending cycles. These materials provide a new route to high-performance wearable supercapacitors (HPWS) with wide potential applications in wearable electronics, as shown by the examples provided. After reading the article, we found that the author used Tris(4-bromophenyl)amine(cas: 4316-58-9Safety of Tris(4-bromophenyl)amine)

In other references, Tris(4-bromophenyl)amine(cas: 4316-58-9) is often used in the synthesis of porous luminescent covalent–organic polymers (COPs)Safety of Tris(4-bromophenyl)amine

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Visible-Light-Driven Nitrogen Radical-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cyclization of Vinylcyclopropanes and N-Tosyl Vinylaziridines with Alkenes》 was published in Organic Letters in 2020. These research results belong to Zhao, Quan-Qing; Zhou, Xue-Song; Xu, Shuang-Hua; Wu, Ya-Li; Xiao, Wen-Jing; Chen, Jia-Rong. Formula: C19H18BrP The article mentions the following:

A visible light photoredox-promoted and nitrogen radical catalyzed [3 + 2] cyclization of vinylcyclopropanes and N-tosyl vinylaziridines with alkenes is developed. Key to the success of this process is the use of the readily tunable hydrazone as a nitrogen radical catalyst. Preliminary mechanism studies suggest that the photogenerated nitrogen radical undergoes reversible radical addition to the vinylcyclopropanes and N-tosyl vinylaziridines to enable their ring-opening C-C and C-N bond cleavage and ensuing cyclization with alkenes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3Formula: C19H18BrP)

Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3) is an organophosphorus compound, with potential use as a precursor and a solvent in organic synthesis. And it is used widely for methylenation via the Wittig reaction.Formula: C19H18BrP

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary