A Study of Boronic Acid Based Fluorescent Glucose Sensors was written by Kawanishi, T.;Romey, M. A.;Zhu, P. C.;Holody, M. Z.;Shinkai, S.. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorescence in 2004.Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2 This article mentions the following:
Boronic acid based anthracene dyes were designed, synthesized, and immobilized to solid phase, creating a continuous glucose sensor. Glucose sensitivities of dyes can decrease drastically after immobilization, therefore how to immobilize a dye to solid phase without changing the dye property is a key issue in developing the sensor. The glucose sensitivity of the simplest 1st generation sensor, which is based on an immobilized mono-phenylboronate/single-arm type, came short of the sensitivity requirement for practical use, because of the very moderate fluorescence intensity change over the physiol. glucose range. However, the 2nd generation, an immobilized bis-phenylboronate/double-arm type sensor, which contained two boronate groups in the dye moiety in expectation of a large intensity change, brought about considerable improvement on its glucose sensitivity. The authors tried to introduce functional groups onto an anthracene ring to improve the dyes’ fluorescence properties. Acetyl or carboxyl substitution on anthracene contributed to shift the fluorescence wavelength into the more visible range (red-shift) and a divergence of wavelength between an excitation peak and an emission peak. This improvement is advantageous to the design of an optical detection system. Furthermore, single arm immobilization to this carboxyl group, thus linking directly to the fluorophore led to a 3rd generation sensor, an immobilized bis-phenylboronate/single-arm type, that was twice as sensitive as that of the 2nd generation sensor, presumably due to increased mobility of the dye moiety. The results of the authors’ study advance closer toward a clin. useful continuous fluorescent glucose sensor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(Bromomethyl)phenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane (cas: 166821-88-1Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2).
2-(2-(Bromomethyl)phenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane (cas: 166821-88-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary