Designing High-Performance Nonfused Ring Electron Acceptors via Synergistically Adjusting Side Chains and Electron-Withdrawing End-Groups was written by Zhang, Yan;Zhang, Cai’e;Zhang, Andong;Wu, Hongbo;Ran, Guangliu;Zhou, Yuanyuan;Wang, Xiaodong;Li, Cuihong;Liu, Yahui;Yang, Chuluo;Tang, Zheng;Zhang, Wenkai;Bo, Zhishan. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2022.Formula: C4H4BrNO2 This article mentions the following:
Three nonfused ring electron acceptors, Hexyl-0F, Isopropyl-0F, and Isopropyl-2F, are designed and synthesized. Unlike Hexyl-0F, Isopropyl-0F with two sterically hindered 2,4,6-triisopropyl-Ph groups is highly soluble, which provides a good opportunity for solution processability. Compared with Isopropyl-0F, Isopropyl-2F with fluorinated end-groups exhibits red-shifted absorption. Due to these synergistic adjustment, Isopropyl-2F-based devices displayed a high power conversion efficiency of 12.55%, higher than that of Isopropyl-0F (9.49%). The result demonstrates that the introduction of large steric substituents in the π-bridge units and electron-withdrawing end-groups plays a pos. role in the construction of high-efficiency nonfused ring electron acceptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Formula: C4H4BrNO2).
1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Formula: C4H4BrNO2
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary