Sequentially Fluorinated Polythiophene Donors for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells with 16.4% Efficiency was written by Jeong, Dahyun;Kim, Geon-U.;Lee, Dongchan;Seo, Soodeok;Lee, Seungjin;Han, Daehee;Park, Hyeonjung;Ma, Biwu;Cho, Shinuk;Kim, Bumjoon J.. And the article was included in Advanced Energy Materials in 2022.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione This article mentions the following:
Polythiophenes (PTs) have attracted considerable interest for application in organic solar cells (OSCs) owing to their simple mol. structures and low-cost synthesis. However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of PT-based OSCs are lower than those of state-of-the-art OSCs. Herein, the development of two sequentially fluorinated PT donors (PT-2F and PT-4F) is reported for realizing highly efficient OSCs. PT-2F and PT-4F are designed to contain two and four fluorine atoms, resp., per repeating unit to decrease their HOMO energy levels and increase the open-circuit voltages of the OSCs. Importantly, the PT-4F polymers exhibit high backbone rigidity and the desired temperature-dependent aggregation behavior, affording well-developed crystalline structures in thin films for efficient charge transport. These beneficial features promote the construction of an optimal blend morphol. of PT-4F:small-mol. acceptor with a suitable energy offset and low energetic disorder. Thus, the PT-4F-based binary and ternary OSCs achieve high PCEs of 15.6% and 16.4%, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione).
1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary