Month: January 2023

Single-Handed Double Helix and Spiral Platelet Formed by Racemate of Dissymmetric Cages was written by Liu, Xiaoning;Shi, Zheng;Xie, Mingchen;Xu, Jianping;Zhou, Zhifan;Jung, Sinyeong;Cui, Guijia;Zuo, Yong;Li, Tao;Yu, Chunyang;Liu, Zhiqiang;Zhang, Shaodong. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021.Application of 96761-85-2 This article mentions the following:

Spontaneous deracemization has been used to sep. homochiral domains from the racemic system. However, homochirality can only be referred to when the scales of these domains and systems are specified. To clarify this, we report self-assembly of racemates of dissym. cages DC-1 (I) with a cone-shape propeller geometry, forming a centrosym. columnar crystalline phase (racemic at crystallog. level). Owing to their anisotropic geometry, the two enantiomers are packed in a frustrated fashion in this crystalline phase; single-handed double helixes are observed (single-handedness at supramol. level). The frustrated packing (layer continuity break-up) in turn facilitates screw dislocation during the crystal growth, forming left- or right-handed spiral platelets (symmetry-breaking at morphol. level), although each platelet is composed of DC-1 racemates. The symmetry correlation between DC-1 mols., the crystalline phase and spiral platelets, all exhibit C₃ symmetry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,3”-Dibromo-5′-(3-bromophenyl)-1,1′:3′,1”-terphenyl (cas: 96761-85-2Application of 96761-85-2).

3,3”-Dibromo-5′-(3-bromophenyl)-1,1′:3′,1”-terphenyl (cas: 96761-85-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Application of 96761-85-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthetic Control of Spectroscopic and Photophysical Properties of Triarylborane Derivatives Having Peripheral Electron-Donating Groups was written by Ito, Akitaka;Kawanishi, Kazuyoshi;Sakuda, Eri;Kitamura, Noboru. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2014.Application of 100189-84-2 This article mentions the following:

The spectroscopic and photophys. properties of triarylborane derivatives were controlled by the nature of the triarylborane core (trixylyl- or trianthrylborane) and peripheral electron-donating groups (N,N-diphenylamino or 9H-carbazolyl groups). The triarylborane derivatives with and without the electron-donating groups showed intramol. charge-transfer absorption/fluorescence transitions between the π orbital of the aryl group (π(aryl)) and the vacant p orbital on the boron atom (p(B), π(aryl)-p(B) CT), and the fluorescence color was tunable from blue to red by the combination of peripheral electron-donating groups and a triarylborane core. Detailed electrochem., spectroscopic, and photophys. studies of the derivatives, including solvent dependences of the spectroscopic and photophys. properties, demonstrated that the HOMO and LUMO of each derivative were determined primarily by the nature of the peripheral electron-donating group and the triarylborane core, resp. The effects of solvent polarity on the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of the derivatives were also tunable by the choice of the triarylborane core. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Dibromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 100189-84-2Application of 100189-84-2).

2,5-Dibromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 100189-84-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Application of 100189-84-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Water enables an asymmetric cross reaction of α-keto acids with α-keto esters for the synthesis of quaternary isotetronic acids was written by Chen, Ping;Wang, Kai;Zhang, Boyu;Guo, Wengang;Liu, Yan;Li, Can. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2019.Name: 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

A water promoted asym. aldol/lactonization/enolization cascade reaction of α-keto acids R¹CH₂C(O)C(O)OH (R¹ = H, Me) and α-keto esters R²C(O)C(O)OC(CH₃)₃ [R² = 4-FC₆H₄(CH₂)₂, CH₂=CH(CH₂)₂, C₆H₅CH₂O(CH₂)₃, etc.] was developed, affording the first general protocol for the construction of chiral quaternary isotetronic acids I with excellent enantioselectivity. Theor. results indicate that intramol. ionized enamine intermediates stabilized by water generate zwitterionic transition states in a lower activation energy and higher face selectivity, resulting in high activity and chemo- and enantioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Name: 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Name: 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular [3+2] Cross-Cycloaddition of Donor-Acceptor Epoxides with Alkenes for Construction of Oxa-[n.2.1] Skeletons was written by Chen, Lu;Tian, Jun;Zhan, Yizhou;Ren, Jun;Wang, Zhong-Wen. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Chemistry in 2019.COA of Formula: C8H4BrF3O This article mentions the following:

The first LA-catalyzed [3+2] intramol. cross-cycloaddition of GDA-epoxides with carbon-carbon double bonds was developed for construction of bridged oxa-[n.2.1] skeletons I [R¹ = H, 7-F, 7-Me, etc.; R² = R³ = Me, OMe]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7COA of Formula: C8H4BrF3O).

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.COA of Formula: C8H4BrF3O

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of pyrazine-pyridine biheteroaryls as novel, potent, and selective vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibitors was written by Kuo, Gee-Hong;Prouty, Catherine;Wang, Aihua;Emanuel, Stuart;DeAngelis, Alan;Zhang, Yan;Song, Fengbin;Beall, Lawrence;Connolly, Peter J.;Karnachi, Prahba;Chen, Xin;Gruninger, Robert H.;Sechler, Jan;Fuentes-Pesquera, Angel;Middleton, Steven A.;Jolliffe, Linda;Murray, William V.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2005.Synthetic Route of C6H5BrN2O2 This article mentions the following:

There is much evidence that direct inhibition of the kinase activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) will result in the reduction of angiogenesis and the suppression of tumor growth. Palladium-catalyzed C-C bond, C-N bond formation reactions were used to assemble various pyrazine-pyridine biheteroaryls as potent VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Among them, I [R = NH(CH₂)₄OH, NH(CH₂)₂NMe₂] exhibited the highest kinase selectivity against fibroblast growth factor receptor kinase, platelet-derived growth factor receptor kinase, and glycogen synthase kinase-3. All of these compounds showed good cellular potency to inhibit VEGF-stimulated proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) but with modest effects on the unstimulated growth of HUVEC. The low inhibition of these compounds to the growth of tumor cell lines, such as HeLa, HCT-116, and A375 further confirms that these VEGFR-2 inhibitors are not cytotoxic agents. The in vivo antitumor activity of I were demonstrated in the A375 human melanoma xenograft nude mice model. Mol. modeling (QSAR anal.) was conducted in an attempt to rationalize the observed structure-activity relationship. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Amino-5-bromonicotinic acid (cas: 180340-69-6Synthetic Route of C6H5BrN2O2).

6-Amino-5-bromonicotinic acid (cas: 180340-69-6) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Synthetic Route of C6H5BrN2O2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Thiocarbonyl Surrogate via Combination of Potassium Sulfide and Chloroform for Dithiocarbamate Construction was written by Tan, Wei;Jansch, Niklas;Ohlmann, Tina;Meyer-Almes, Franz-Josef;Jiang, Xuefeng. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Application In Synthesis of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

An efficient and practical thiocarbonyl surrogate via combination of potassium sulfide and chloroform was established. A variety of dithiocarbamates were afforded along with four new chem. bond formations in a one-pot reaction in which the thiocarbonyl motif was generated in situ. Furthermore, these readily accessed mols. showed promising activity against HDAC8, opening a potential gateway to discover a new type of nonhydroxamate and isoenzyme-selective HDAC inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Application In Synthesis of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Application In Synthesis of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Intramolecular Alkene-Alkene Coupling via Rh(III)-Catalyzed Alkenyl sp² C-H Functionalization: Divergent Pathways to Indene or α-Naphthol Derivatives was written by Maraswami, Manikantha;Diggins, Thomas;Goh, Jeffrey;Tio, Raymond;Ong, Wan Qing Renee;Hirao, Hajime;Loh, Teck-Peng. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2021.Electric Literature of C10H11BrO2 This article mentions the following:

Highly selective synthesis of either indene or 1-naphthol derivatives through intramol. alkene-alkene cross-coupling is reported. The reaction works with different alkene pairs that couple to give the corresponding products in good to satisfactory yields. The indene products of authors reaction also allow further derivatization. The reaction pathway is dependent on alkene functionalities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7Electric Literature of C10H11BrO2).

Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Electric Literature of C10H11BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A two-photon turn-on probe for glucose uptake was written by Lim, Chang Su;Chung, Chul;Kim, Hwan Myung;An, Myung Jin;Tian, Yu Shun;Chun, Hoon Jai;Cho, Bong Rae. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2012.HPLC of Formula: 166821-88-1 This article mentions the following:

The authors report a two-photon turn-on probe (AS1) that can be excited by 780 nm femto-second pulses and visualize glucose uptake and the changes in the intracellular glucose concentration in live cells and tissue by two-photon microscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(2-(Bromomethyl)phenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane (cas: 166821-88-1HPLC of Formula: 166821-88-1).

2-(2-(Bromomethyl)phenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane (cas: 166821-88-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.HPLC of Formula: 166821-88-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Isomerism Strategy to Optimize Aggregation and Morphology for Superior Polymer Solar Cells was written by Shen, Xiangyu;Lai, Xue;Lai, Hanjian;Zhao, Tingxing;Zhu, Yulin;Pu, Mingrui;Wang, Hengtao;Tan, Pu;He, Feng. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2022.Reference of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

The effect of isomerism in polymer donors is appealing as a means of optimization of mol. configurations in organic solar cells (OSCs) but has not been well explored. Two isomers, PAB-α and PAB-γ, with different orientations of their fused thiophene rings were designed and synthesized to investigate the influence of isomerism in polymer donors on their photovoltaic conversions. It was shown that two polymers with almost identical structures exhibited significant differences in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar devices. The PAB-α-based devices achieve an excellent PCE of 15.05%, while the PAB-γ-based devices only obtain an extremely low PCE of 0.04%. Reasons for such a dramatic performance disparity include first, the absorption spectrum of PAB-γ being markedly blue-shifted and failing to match the absorption spectrum of common high-efficiency acceptors, such as Y6, and second, acceptor Y6 has preferable miscibility with PAB-α for a smaller χ value of 0.067 and smaller root-mean-square value of 0.98 nm. What is more, PAB-α has a closer π-π interaction distance compared to its isomer PAB-γ from grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) anal., and the order-of-magnitude difference between the hole and electron mobilities of two active layers also made the opposing values of their device efficiencies. Therefore, PAB-α has a superior performance in photovoltaic devices, demonstrating that fine tuning of at. orientation could bring great changes to the properties of the polymer donors. This provides a new train of thought for the material design and evolution of device performance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Reference of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Reference of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Palladium(II) and platinum(II) porphyrin donors for organic photovoltaics was written by Gao, Yaxin;Piradi, Venkatesh;Zhu, Xunjin;So, Shu Kong. And the article was included in ACS Applied Energy Materials in 2022.Application of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

Three new A-π-D-π-A structural porphyrin-based donors, C19-H2P, C19-PdP, and C19-PtP, are designed and synthesized, with porphyrin (D) moieties equipped with no metal, palladium (Pd), and platinum (Pt) as the core, resp., and end-capped with electron-deficient 3-ethylrhodanine (A) via a π-bridge of phenylene ethynylene linker. C19-PdP and C19-PtP exhibit low-lying HOMO levels than C19-H2P. The three porphyrin donors show highly intensified and broad absorptions at ca. 400-530 nm (Soret bands) and at ca. 550-800 nm (Q-bands) with an absorption valley at ca. 540 nm. Using PC₇₁BM as an electron acceptor, the devices based on C19-PdP and C19-PtP donors achieve power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 8.09 and 7.31% under 1 Sun, resp., whereas the C19-H2P device, that has no metal, has a very low PCE of 2.51%. Furthermore, at 300 lx LED source, the C19-PdP and C19-PtP devices deliver promising PCEs of 16.54 and 16.74%, resp. The improved performance of C19-PdP- and C19-PtP-based devices is mainly due to more efficient charge collection, faster charge transport, more suppressed recombination behavior, and smoother surface morphol. These findings pave the way for the development of new metalloporphyrin-based donors for organic solar cells using simple structural engineering. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Application of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Application of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary