Month: January 2023

Antitubercular agents. Part 1: Synthesis of phthalimido- and naphthalimido-linked phenazines as new prototype antitubercular agents was written by Kamal, Ahmed;Hari Babu, A.;Venkata Ramana, A.;Sinha, Rakesh;Yadav, J. S.;Arora, Sudarshan K.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2005.Name: N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide This article mentions the following:

The preparation and antitubercular properties of a series of phthalimido- and naphthalimido-linked phenazines, e.g., I, are described. Some of these compounds inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATCC 27294, Mycobacterium avium ATCC 49601, Mycobacterium intracellulare ATCC 13950, and some clin. isolates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4Name: N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide).

N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Name: N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Reevaluating the substrate specificity of the L-type amino acid transporter (LAT1) was written by Chien, Huan-Chieh;Colas, Claire;Finke, Karissa;Springer, Seth;Stoner, Laura;Zur, Arik A.;Venteicher, Brooklynn;Campbell, Jerome;Hall, Colton;Flint, Andrew;Augustyn, Evan;Hernandez, Christopher;Heeren, Nathan;Hansen, Logan;Anthony, Abby;Bauer, Justine;Fotiadis, Dimitrios;Schlessinger, Avner;Giacomini, Kathleen M.;Thomas, Allen A.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Recommanded Product: 35065-86-2 This article mentions the following:

The L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1, SLC7A5) transports essential amino acids across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and into cancer cells. To utilize LAT1 for drug delivery, potent amino acid promoieties are desired, as prodrugs must compete with millimolar concentrations of endogenous amino acids. To better understand ligand-transporter interactions that could improve potency, we developed structural LAT1 models to guide the design of substituted analogs of phenylalanine and histidine. Furthermore, we evaluated the structure-activity relationship (SAR) for both enantiomers of naturally occurring LAT1 substrates. Analogs were tested in cis-inhibition and trans-stimulation cell assays to determine potency and uptake rate. Surprisingly, LAT1 can transport amino acid-like substrates with wide-ranging polarities including those containing ionizable substituents. Addnl., the rate of LAT1 transport was generally nonstereoselective even though enantiomers likely exhibit different binding modes. Our findings have broad implications to the development of new treatments for brain disorders and cancer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2Recommanded Product: 35065-86-2).

3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Recommanded Product: 35065-86-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Relayed Regioselective Alkynylation/Olefination of Unsymmetrical Cyclic Diaryliodonium Species Catalyzed by Cu and Pd: Affording Fluorescent Cytotoxic Benzoxazoles was written by Zhu, Daqian;Liu, Panpan;Lu, Wenhua;Wang, Haiwen;Luo, Bingling;Hu, Yumin;Huang, Peng;Wen, Shijun. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 827-24-7 This article mentions the following:

Although cyclic diaryliodonium species have the potential to act as valuable synthons for cascade transformations, they still remain largely unexplored. The regioselectivity associated with unsym. cyclic diaryliodonium species has previously been known to pose a challenge. A regioselective relayed alkynylation and olefination of unsym. cyclic diaryliodonium species has been achieved by installation of a directing amide group. These relayed transformations were delayed until an oxazole ring had formed, delivering a series of unique fluorescent benzoxazoles. Moreover, some of these synthetic benzoxazoles showed apparent inhibitory activity against malignant cancer cells. Further confocal visualization revealed that benzoxazoles targeted cell nuclei. These findings might provide a novel structural scaffold to develop desirable anticancer agents. The synthesis of the target compounds was achieved by a reaction of [(carbonyl)amino]dibenziodolium trifluoromethanesulfonate salts (iodonium compounds) with (aryl)alkyne derivatives, such as 1-ethynyl-4-(methyl)benzene, 4-(ethynyl)benzoic acid ester, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol, 3-butyn-1-ol. Alkene reactants included 2-propenoic acid 1,1-dimethylethyl ester, 1-penten-3-one, 1-ethenyl-2-nitrobenzene (nitro-styrene), 4-(ethenyl)benzonitrile. The title compounds thus formed included [(alkynyl)phenyl]benzoxazole derivatives and [(alkenyl)phenyl]benzoxazole derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline (cas: 827-24-7HPLC of Formula: 827-24-7).

2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline (cas: 827-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.HPLC of Formula: 827-24-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of Fluorinated Acridines via Sequential Micellar Buchwald-Hartwig Amination/Cyclization of Aryl Bromides was written by Vaghi, Luca;Sanzone, Alessandro;Sassi, Mauro;Pagani, Simone;Papagni, Antonio;Beverina, Luca. And the article was included in Synthesis in 2018.Computed Properties of C8H4BrF3O This article mentions the following:

Fluorinated unsym. acridines were efficiently prepared by means of a tandem micellar Buchwald-Hartwig amination followed by an acid-promoted cyclization. The overall process was advantageous with respect to previously described protocols both in terms of efficiency and sustainability. The role of the cosolvent in the amination step was highlighted, demonstrating that rather than resorting to highly expensive catalysts, Buchwald-Hartwig aminations could be straightforwardly carried out by tuning the reaction site polarity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7Computed Properties of C8H4BrF3O).

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Computed Properties of C8H4BrF3O

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Multitarget Approach for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) and Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) Covering Diverse Selectivity Profiles was written by Rabal, Obdulia;Sanchez-Arias, Juan A.;Cuadrado-Tejedor, Mar;de Miguel, Irene;Perez-Gonzalez, Marta;Garcia-Barroso, Carolina;Ugarte, Ana;Estella-Hermoso de Mendoza, Ander;Saez, Elena;Espelosin, Maria;Ursua, Susana;Tan, Haizhong;Wu, Wei;Xu, Musheng;Pineda-Lucena, Antonio;Garcia-Osta, Ana;Oyarzabal, Julen. And the article was included in ACS Chemical Neuroscience in 2019.Computed Properties of C9H8BrFO2 This article mentions the following:

Here, we present a series of dual-target phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors devised as pharmacol. tool compounds for assessing the implications of these two targets in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These novel inhibitors were designed taking into account the key pharmacophoric features of known selective PDE9 inhibitors as well as privileged chem. structures, bearing zinc binding groups (hydroxamic acids and ortho-amino anilides) that hit HDAC targets. These substituents were selected according to rational criteria and previous knowledge from our group to explore diverse HDAC selectivity profiles (pan-HDAC, HDAC6 selective, and class I selective) that were confirmed in biochem. screens. Their functional response in inducing acetylation of histone and tubulin and phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding (CREB) was measured as a requisite for further progression into complete in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) and in vivo brain penetration profiling. Compound 31b, a selective HDAC6 inhibitor with acceptable brain permeability, was chosen for assessing in vivo efficacy of these first-in-class inhibitors, as well as studying their mode of action (MoA). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-bromo-3-fluorobenzoate (cas: 1130165-74-0Computed Properties of C9H8BrFO2).

Ethyl 4-bromo-3-fluorobenzoate (cas: 1130165-74-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Computed Properties of C9H8BrFO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Structurally Simple Inhibitors of Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase Are Efficacious In a Rodent Model of Acute Chagas Disease was written by Suryadevara, Praveen Kumar;Olepu, Srinivas;Lockman, Jeffrey W.;Ohkanda, Junko;Karimi, Mandana;Verlinde, Christophe L. M. J.;Kraus, James M.;Schoepe, Jan;Van Voorhis, Wesley C.;Hamilton, Andrew D.;Buckner, Frederick S.;Gelb, Michael H.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

We report structure-activity studies of a large number of dialkyl imidazoles as inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi lanosterol-14α-demethylase (L14DM). The compounds have a simple structure compared to posaconazole, another L14DM inhibitor that is an anti-Chagas drug candidate. Several compounds display potency for killing T. cruzi amastigotes in vitro with values of EC₅₀ in the 0.4-10 nM range. Two compounds were selected for efficacy studies in a mouse model of acute Chagas disease. At oral doses of 20-50 mg/kg given after establishment of parasite infection, the compounds reduced parasitemia in the blood to undetectable levels, and anal. of remaining parasites by PCR revealed a lack of parasites in the majority of animals. These dialkyl imidazoles are substantially less expensive to produce than posaconazole and are appropriate for further development toward an anti-Chagas disease clin. candidate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Water-promoted ortho-selective monohydroxymethylation of phenols in the NaBO₂ system was written by Li, Hui-Jing;Wu, Ying-Ying;Wu, Qin-Xi;Wang, Rui;Dai, Chun-Yang;Shen, Zhi-Lun;Xie, Cheng-Long;Wu, Yan-Chao. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2014.Electric Literature of C7H7BrO2 This article mentions the following:

Water-promoted ortho-selective monohydroxymethylation of phenols in the NaBO₂ system generates salicyl alcs. in 65-97% yields. A remarkable rate-enhancement by water was observed, and NaBO₂ appeared to serve the dual role of a suitable base and an efficient chelating reagent. This protocol possesses many advantages such as short reaction times, expanded substrate scope, and high mono- and regio-selectivities. The exptl. results were explained by the calculations based on local ionization energy min., leading to a possible reaction mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromo-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol (cas: 170434-11-4Electric Literature of C7H7BrO2).

5-Bromo-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol (cas: 170434-11-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Electric Literature of C7H7BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of 6,6′-Bis(dimethylamino)- and 6,6′-Dibromo-Substituted 2,2′-Diphosphinylbiphenyls and Their Palladium Complexes was written by Petzold, Holm;Alrawashdeh, Albara I. S.;Heider, Silvio;Haufe, Linda;Rueffer, Tobias. And the article was included in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2013.Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline This article mentions the following:

New 6,6′-dibromo- and 6,6′-bis(dimethylamino)-substituted 2,2′-diphosphinylbiphenyl ligands 11–14 were prepared starting from 2,2′-dibromo-4,4′-dimethyl-6,6′-dinitro-1,1′-biphenyl (4). Depending on the phosphine groups [diphenylphosphinyl (11, 13) or diisopropylphosphinyl (12, 14)] the Pd dichloride complexes show different coordination symmetry. Whereas the smaller diphenylphosphinyl groups lead to C₂-sym. complexes, the resp. bis(diisopropyl)phosphines 12 and 14 form C₁-sym. complexes that show fluxional behavior due to the restricted rotation of the iso-Pr groups as well as the exchange of atom positions within the C₁-sym. conformer. All complexes were tested as precatalysts in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction of 2-bromotoluene and phenylboronic acid. The activity of the catalytic system increases with the size of the diphosphines and the donating ability of the ligand. In contrast to C₂-sym. Pd complex 15, Pt complex 19 is C₁-sym. in the solid state despite the fact that both complexes have the small bis(diphenylphosphinyl)-substituted diphosphine ligand 11 in common. NiBr₂ adduct 20 with a similar diphosphine 13 exists as a mixture of distorted square-planar and tetrahedral coordination sphere geometries in equilibrium with each other. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline (cas: 827-24-7Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline).

2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline (cas: 827-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Stereospecific Overman Rearrangement of Substituted Cyclic Vinyl Bromides: Access to Fully Substituted α-Amino Ketones was written by Velasco-Rubio, Alvaro;Alexy, Eric J.;Yoritate, Makoto;Wright, Austin C.;Stoltz, Brian M.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Computed Properties of C9H11BrO This article mentions the following:

A versatile thermal Overman rearrangement of enantioenriched, cyclic allylic alcs. providing tertiary allylic amines has been developed. The vinyl bromide used to control enantioselectivity in a preceding CBS reduction is utilized as a synthetic handle for the preparation of tertiary α-amino ketones and related derivatives in an asym. fashion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Computed Properties of C9H11BrO).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Computed Properties of C9H11BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Iron-Catalyzed Difluoromethylation of Arylzincs with Difluoromethyl 2-Pyridyl Sulfone was written by Miao, Wenjun;Zhao, Yanchuan;Ni, Chuanfa;Gao, Bing;Zhang, Wei;Hu, Jinbo. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2018.Computed Properties of C16H17Br This article mentions the following:

In the presence of Fe(acac)₃ and N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine, arylzinc reagents (in most cases generated in situ from aryl Grignard reagents) underwent difluoromethylation reactions with difluoromethyl 2-pyridinyl sulfone at -40° to ambient temperature to yield difluoromethylarenes. Reaction of a difluoropentenyl 2-pyridinyl sulfone with an in situ-generated diarylzinc reagent yielded an arylmethyldifluorocyclopentane, implying the involvement of radical species in the iron-catalyzed difluoromethylation; the reaction was inhibited by TEMPO, BHT, and 1,4-dinitrobenzene. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1Computed Properties of C16H17Br).

4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Computed Properties of C16H17Br

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary