Month: January 2023

Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C(sp³)-H functionalization: catalyst development and synthetic applications was written by Hitce, Julien;Retailleau, Pascal;Baudoin, Olivier. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2007.Safety of Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate This article mentions the following:

A novel catalytic system, based on a mixture of palladium acetate and tris(5-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)phosphine (F-TOTP), has been designed for the intramol. C-H functionalization of alkane segments. Among other analogs of tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphine (P(o-tol)₃), F-TOTP was shown to have the optimal metal-bonding properties for this reaction. This catalytic system operated under milder reaction conditions that allowed the regioselective production of various olefins adjacent to a quaternary benzylic carbon atom, as well as novel bi- and tricyclic mols. E.g., palladium acetate/(F-TOTP) catalyzed the reaction of aryl alkane I to give 77% olefin II. A general mechanism was proposed, with the preferential formation of a six-membered palladium(II) palladacycle after oxidative addition and cyclopalladation. The regioselective C-H functionalization of alkyl groups into olefins was illustrated in the synthesis of the antihypertensive drug verapamil and an analog. A particularly mild ruthenium-catalyzed direct hydroamidation of the intermediate olefin in this synthesis is also reported. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7Safety of Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate).

Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Safety of Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis and photophysics of a water-soluble, naphthalene-containing β-cyclodextrin was written by Gravett, David M.;Guillet, James E.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1993.Name: Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin This article mentions the following:

A water-soluble, naphthalene-containing β-cyclodextrin I has been synthesized by reaction of 6-hydroxy-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid (disodium salt) with heptakis(6-bromo-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin. Lifetime, fluoroescence polarization, and solvent studies show the presence of mainly monomer fluorescence emission with a small amount of excimer. Quenching studies show that singlet energy transfer from the naphthalene substituents to a suitably included acceptor mol. can occur. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1Name: Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin).

Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Name: Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazolylaminoquinazoline derivatives as highly potent pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors was written by Fan, Jun;Dai, Yang;Shao, Jingwei;Peng, Xia;Wang, Chen;Cao, Sufen;Zhao, Bin;Ai, Jing;Geng, Meiyu;Duan, Wenhu. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2016.Name: Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate This article mentions the following:

Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are important oncol. targets due to the dysregulation of this signaling pathway in a wide variety of human cancers. The authors identified a series of pyrazolylaminoquinazoline derivatives as potent FGFR inhibitors with low nanomolar potency. The representative compound I strongly inhibited FGFR1-3 kinase activity and suppressed FGFR signaling transduction in FGFR-addicted cancer cells; FGFRs-driven cell proliferation was also strongly inhibited regardless of mechanistic complexity implicated in FGFR activation, which further confirmed that I was a potent pan-FGFR inhibitor. The flexibility of the structure offered the potential to preserve good affinity for mutant FGFR, which is important for developing TKIs with long-term efficacy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9Name: Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate).

Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Name: Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

1,2,5-Thiadiazole derivatives: Part III. Synthesis and substitution reactions of 4-bromo-6-methylbenzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole and its derivatives was written by Sharma, K. S.;Singh, Vijender;Singh, Ram Phul. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Chemistry in 1978.Application of 827-24-7 This article mentions the following:

The thiadiazole I was prepared from 3-bromo-4,5-diaminotoluene, which in turn was prepared from p-aminotoluene. I was subjected to electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions. Similarly, II was also subjected to nucleophilic substitution reactions giving 7-substitution products replacing the Br. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline (cas: 827-24-7Application of 827-24-7).

2-Bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroaniline (cas: 827-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Application of 827-24-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The proton magnetic resonance spectra of some diazoles, triazoles, and tetrazoles was written by Barlin, Gordon B.;Batterham, Thomas J.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society [Section] B: Physical Organic in 1967.Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole This article mentions the following:

The N.M.R. spectra of various charged species from 33 azoles have been measured. In N-methyl-imidazoles and -1,2,4-triazoles the sites of protonation have been determined, and the cations appear to be stabilized by amidinium type resonance. Solvent effects are discussed. 27 references. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (cas: 13273-53-5Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole).

4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (cas: 13273-53-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-1-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A Substructure Combination Strategy to Create Potent and Selective Transthyretin Kinetic Stabilizers that Prevent Amyloidogenesis and Cytotoxicity was written by Choi, Sung-Wook;Reixach, Natalia;Connelly, Stephen;Johnson, Steven M.;Wilson, Ian A.;Kelly, Jeffery W.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2010.Recommanded Product: 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene This article mentions the following:

Transthyretin aggregation-associated proteotoxicity appears to cause several human amyloid diseases. Rate-limiting tetramer dissociation and monomer misfolding of transthyretin (TTR) occur before its aggregation into cross-β-sheet amyloid fibrils. Small mol. binding to and preferential stabilization of the tetrameric state of TTR over the dissociative transition state raises the kinetic barrier for dissociation, imposing kinetic stabilization on TTR and preventing aggregation. This is an effective strategy to halt neurodegeneration associated with polyneuropathy, according to recent placebo-controlled clin. trial results. In three recent papers, we systematically ranked possibilities for the three substructures composing a typical TTR kinetic stabilizer, using fibril inhibition potency and plasma TTR binding selectivity data. Herein, we have successfully employed a substructure combination strategy to use these data to develop potent and selective TTR kinetic stabilizers that rescue cells from the cytotoxic effects of TTR amyloidogenesis. Of the 92 stilbene and dihydrostilbene analogs synthesized, nearly all potently inhibit TTR fibril formation. Seventeen of these exhibit a binding stoichiometry of >1.5 of a maximum of 2 to plasma TTR, while displaying minimal binding to the thyroid hormone receptor (<20%). Six analogs were definitively categorized as kinetic stabilizers by evaluating dissociation time-courses. High-resolution TTR·(kinetic stabilizer)₂ crystal structures (1.31-1.70 Å) confirmed the anticipated binding orientation of the 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl substructure and revealed a strong preference of the isosteric 3,5-dibromo-4-aminophenyl substructure to bind to the inner thyroxine binding pocket of TTR. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7Recommanded Product: 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Recommanded Product: 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Ni-Catalyzed Reductive 1,2-Cross-Dialkylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Two Alkyl Bromides was written by Zhang, Jian-Xin;Shu, Wei. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Reference of 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

Herein, a Ni-catalyzed reductive 1,2-dialkylation of unactivated aliphatic alkenes had been developed using two different alkyl bromides to gave (cyanoethyl)-alkyl-aryl-propanamides R¹CH₂CHR²CH₂C(O)NHAr [R¹ = cyanomethyl, H₂CCO₂Et, (2-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl); R² = Et, n-Pr, 3-phenylpropyl, etc.; Ar = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, etc.]. The reaction proceeded smoothly under mild conditions to install two Csp³-Csp³ bonds onto directed aliphatic alkenes, demonstrating excellent chemo- and regioselectivity with good functional group tolerance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Reference of 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Reference of 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A rapid response photochromic diarylethene material for rewritable holographic data storage was written by Zhang, Qi;Li, Jing Ming;Niu, Li Hong;Chen, Zi Hui;Yang, Lin;Zhang, Shi Man;Cao, Liang Cai;Zhang, Fu Shi. And the article was included in Chinese Science Bulletin in 2013.Quality Control of Dimethyl 4,5-dibromophthalate This article mentions the following:

A novel diarylethene, namely 4,5-(2,5-di-Me thiophene)phthalimide, was synthesized and successfully introduced to rewritable holog. data storage. Upon the alternative illumination of UV and visible light (λ>400 nm), this compound underwent rapid, reversible inter-conversion between colorless open-ring isomer and yellow-green ring-closed form in both solution and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film. Subsequently, we investigated the characteristics of volume homog. recording of the diarylethene-doped PMMA film (1 μm thick). The maximum refractive index modulation (0.87â€? of the film during recording could be reached within just 120 s which gave the ability of fast recording. The high quality reconstruction after 50 write/erase cycles demonstrated its excellent fatigue-resistance and high resolution All those results indicated that this mol. was a reliable fast write/erase holog. storage material. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl 4,5-dibromophthalate (cas: 859299-66-4Quality Control of Dimethyl 4,5-dibromophthalate).

Dimethyl 4,5-dibromophthalate (cas: 859299-66-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Quality Control of Dimethyl 4,5-dibromophthalate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

From bacterial genomes to novel antibacterial agents: discovery, characterization, and antibacterial activity of compounds that bind to HI0065 (YjeE) from Haemophilus influenzae was written by Lerner, Claude G.;Hajduk, Philip J.;Wagner, Rolf;Wagenaar, Frank L.;Woodall, Charlotte;Gu, Yu-Gui;Searle, Xenia B.;Florjancic, Alan S.;Zhang, Tianyuan;Clark, Richard F.;Cooper, Curt S.;Mack, Jamey C.;Yu, Liping;Cai, Mengli;Betz, Steven F.;Chovan, Linda E.;McCall, J. Owen;Black-Schaefer, Candace L.;Kakavas, Stephan J.;Schurdak, Mark E.;Comess, Kenneth M.;Walter, Karl A.;Edalji, Rohinton;Dorwin, Sarah A.;Smith, Richard A.;Hebert, Eric J.;Harlan, John E.;Metzger, Randy E.;Merta, Philip J.;Baranowski, John L.;Coen, Michael L.;Thornewell, Susan J.;Shivakumar, Annapur G.;Saiki, Anne Y.;Soni, Niru;Bui, Mai;Balli, Darlene J.;Sanders, William J.;Nilius, Angela M.;Holzman, Thomas F.;Fesik, Stephen W.;Beutel, Bruce A.. And the article was included in Chemical Biology & Drug Design in 2007.COA of Formula: C9H8BrFO2 This article mentions the following:

As part of a fully integrated and comprehensive strategy to discover novel antibacterial agents, NMR- and mass spectrometry-based affinity selection screens were performed to identify compounds that bind to protein targets uniquely found in bacteria and encoded by genes essential for microbial viability. A biphenyl acid lead series emerged from an NMR-based screen with the Haemophilus influenzae protein HI0065, a member of a family of probable ATP-binding proteins found exclusively in eubacteria. The structure-activity relationships developed around the NMR-derived biphenyl acid lead were consistent with on-target antibacterial activity as the Staphylococcus aureus antibacterial activity of the series correlated extremely well with binding affinity to HI0065, while the correlation of binding affinity with B-cell cytotoxicity was relatively poor. Although further studies are needed to conclusively establish the mode of action of the biphenyl series, these compounds represent novel leads that can serve as the basis for the development of novel antibacterial agents that appear to work via an unprecedented mechanism of action. Overall, these results support the genomics-driven hypothesis that targeting bacterial essential gene products that are not present in eukaryotic cells can identify novel antibacterial agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 474709-71-2COA of Formula: C9H8BrFO2).

Ethyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 474709-71-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.COA of Formula: C9H8BrFO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Pd^II-Catalyzed Oxidative Tandem aza-Wacker/Heck Cyclization for the Construction of Fused 5,6-Bicyclic N,O-Heterocycles was written by Ye, Chenghao;Kou, Xuezhen;Xia, Jingzhao;Yang, Guoqiang;Kong, Li;Wei, Quhao;Zhang, Wanbin. And the article was included in Chemistry – An Asian Journal in 2018.SDS of cas: 85118-24-7 This article mentions the following:

A Pd^II-catalyzed oxidative tandem cyclization was developed for the construction of fused 5,6-bicyclic N, O-heterocycles. This reaction was enabled by the combined use of a 3-methylpyridine ligand and pentafluorobenzoic acid additive. A range of heterocyclic products with different substituents could be prepared in moderate to good yields via this methodol. Several transformations, including a scaled-up preparation of product I, were also carried out showing the good applicability of our methodol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7SDS of cas: 85118-24-7).

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.SDS of cas: 85118-24-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary