Towards eco-friendly marine antifouling biocides – Nature inspired tetrasubstituted 2,5-diketopiperazines was written by Grant, Thomas M.;Rennison, David;Cervin, Gunnar;Pavia, Henrik;Hellio, Claire;Foulon, Valentin;Brimble, Margaret A.;Cahill, Patrick;Svenson, Johan. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Product Details of 108940-96-1 This article mentions the following:
Marine biofouling plagues all maritime industries at vast economic and environmental cost. Previous and most current methods to control biofouling have employed highly persistent toxins and heavy metals, including tin, copper, and zinc. These toxic methods are resulting in unacceptable environmental harm and are coming under immense regulatory pressure. Eco-friendly alternatives are urgently required to effectively mitigate the neg. consequence of biofouling without causing collateral harm. Amphiphilic micropeptides have recently been shown to exhibit excellent broad-spectrum antifouling activity, with a non-toxic mode of action and innate biodegradability. The present work focused on incorporating the pharmacophore derived from amphiphilic micropeptides into a 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) scaffold. This privileged structure is present in a vast number of natural products, including marine natural product antifoulants, and provides advantages of synthetic accessibility and adaptability. A novel route to sym. tetrasubstituted DKPs was developed and a library of amphiphilic 2,5-DKPs were subsequently synthesized. These biodegradable compounds were demonstrated to be potent marine antifoulants displaying broad-spectrum activity in the low micromolar range against a range of common marine fouling organisms. The outcome of planned coating and field trials will dictate the future development of the lead compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Product Details of 108940-96-1).
3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Product Details of 108940-96-1
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary