Month: February 2023

Identification, characterization, synthesis of major metabolites biotransformed from vonoprazan fumarate was written by Lin, Biyue;Kou, Jingping;Xiao, Qingbo;Wu, Shuming;Hu, Ji’an;Li, Jianbing;Zhu, Zhu;Zhou, Xinglin;Xin, Libo;Li, Yanhua;Wang, Zhongqing. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2022.Formula: C5H4BrNO This article mentions the following:

A first synthetic research concerning four observed metabolites and their deuterium-labeled analogs of reflux esophagitis drug vonoprazan fumarate was reported. Among which the synthetic methods of three metabolites M – I, M-III, M-IV-Sul, and four stable isotop labeled analogs M-I-d₄, M-II-d₄, M-III-d₄, M-IV-Sul-d₄ was not yet been reported before. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of MS and NMR spectroscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromo-1H-pyrrole-3-carbaldehyde (cas: 881676-32-0Formula: C5H4BrNO).

5-Bromo-1H-pyrrole-3-carbaldehyde (cas: 881676-32-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Formula: C5H4BrNO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Novel inhibitors of bacterial virulence: Development of 5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolin-4(3H)-ones for the inhibition of group A streptococcal streptokinase expression was written by Yestrepsky, Bryan D.;Xu, Yuanxi;Breen, Meghan E.;Li, Xiaoqin;Rajeswaran, Walajapet G.;Ryu, Jenny G.;Sorenson, Roderick J.;Tsume, Yasuhiro;Wilson, Michael W.;Zhang, Wenpeng;Sun, Duxin;Sun, Hongmin;Larsen, Scott D.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2013.Application In Synthesis of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

Resistance to antibiotics is an increasingly dire threat to human health that warrants the development of new modes of treating infection. The authors recently identified CCG-2979 as an inhibitor of the expression of streptokinase, a critical virulence factor in Group A Streptococcus that endows blood-borne bacteria with fibrinolytic capabilities. The authors describe the synthesis and biol. evaluation of a series of novel 5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolin-4(3H)-one analogs of CCG-2979 undertaken with the goal of improving the modest potency of the lead. In addition to achieving an over 35-fold increase in potency, the authors identified structural modifications that improve the solubility and metabolic stability of the scaffold. The efficacy of two new compounds CCG-203592 and CCG-205363 against biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus represents a promising addnl. mode of action for this novel class of compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Application In Synthesis of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Application In Synthesis of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In-flow photooxygenation of aminothienopyridinones generates iminopyridinedione PTP4A3 phosphatase inhibitors was written by Tasker, Nikhil R.;Rastelli, Ettore J.;Blanco, Isabella K.;Burnett, James C.;Sharlow, Elizabeth R.;Lazo, John S.;Wipf, Peter. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2019.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A continuous flow photooxygenation of 7-aminothieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4(5H)-ones to produce 7-iminothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-4,6(5H,7H)-diones has been developed, utilizing ambient air as the sole reactant. N-H Imines are formed as the major products, and excellent functional group tolerance and conversion on gram-scale without the need for chromatog. purification allow for facile late-stage diversification of the aminothienopyridinone scaffold. Several analogs exhibit potent in vitro inhibition of the cancer-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP4A3, and the SAR supports an exploratory docking model. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromothiophene-3-carbaldehyde (cas: 18791-79-2Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

5-Bromothiophene-3-carbaldehyde (cas: 18791-79-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of monosubstituted [1.1.1]propellanes was written by Bothe, Harald;Schlueter, Arnulf Dieter. And the article was included in Chemische Berichte in 1991.Related Products of 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

Wittig reaction of (ClCH₂)₂CO with RCH:PPh₃ [R = Me(CH₂)_n, MeO(CH₂)_m; n = 4, 6, 10; m = 3, 5] in Et₂O-hexane gave 32-48% RCH:C(CH₂Cl)₂, which underwent cycloaddition with :CBr₂ to give 20-57% bis(chloromethyl)dibromocyclopropanes I. Treating I with MeLi in Et₂O gave 21-64% title propellanes II, which polymerized spontaneously at room temperature in the absence of inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Related Products of 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Related Products of 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Poly(phenylene oxide)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes Having Linear Cross-Linkers or Star Cross-Linkers was written by Han, Juanjuan;Zhang, Yangyang;Kang, Fei;Liu, Chifeng;Song, Wenfeng;Zheng, Xiumeng;Liu, Xia;Wang, Minhao;Zhou, Xiaorong;Ren, Zhandong;Hu, Meixue;Xiao, Li;Zhuang, Lin. And the article was included in ACS Applied Energy Materials in 2022.Computed Properties of C4H4BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

Linear crosslinked and star crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are reported in this work, namely, lcQPPO (linear crosslinked quaternized poly(2,4-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO)) and scDQPPO (star crosslinked quaternized PPO). Compared with original quaternized PPO (QPPO), crosslinked AEMs show a restrained swelling degree. But, due to the hindrance of a crosslinking polymer matrix, lcQPPO membranes show decreased ionic conductivity For scDQPPO, its wide and connective ion channels are beneficial to the conduction of OH^–, exhibiting increased ionic conductivity Besides, the aggregated and crosslinked polymer networks in scDQPPO enhance the chem. stability and mech. properties of the AEMs. Specifically, for scDQPPO-40, a high OH^– conductivity of 100.7 mS cm^-1 and a low swelling degree of 20.7% are achieved at 80°C. The tensile strength and elongation at break of wet scDQPPO-40 at 25°C are 16.7 MPa and 18.0%. After immersing in 1 M NaOH at 80°C for 30 days, the loss of ionic conductivity and weight for scDQPPO-40 is 24.2 and 14.8%, with the degradation of tensile strength and elongation at break of 22.2% and 26.7%, resp. On the basis of the membrane, a fuel cell performance of 0.577 W cm^-2 is demonstrated at 60°C, while, for QPPO-40 and lcQPPO-60, their fuel cell peak power densities are only 0.250 and 0.215 W cm^-2. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Computed Properties of C4H4BrNO2).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Computed Properties of C4H4BrNO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Palladium-catalyzed solid-state borylation of aryl halides using mechanochemistry was written by Kubota, Koji;Baba, Emiru;Seo, Tamae;Ishiyama, Tatsuo;Ito, Hajime. And the article was included in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 162258-89-1 This article mentions the following:

This study describes the solid-state palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling between aryl halides and bis(pinacolato)diboron using ball milling. The reactions were completed within 10 min for most aryl halides to afford a variety of synthetically useful arylboronates in high yields. Notably, all exptl. operations could be performed in air, and did not require the use of large amounts of dry and degassed organic solvents. The utility of this method was further demonstrated by gram-scale synthesis under solvent-free, mechanochem. conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1HPLC of Formula: 162258-89-1).

4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.HPLC of Formula: 162258-89-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Efficient preparation of unsymmetrical disulfides by nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling strategy was written by Wang, Fei;Chen, Ying;Rao, Weidong;Ackermann, Lutz;Wang, Shun-Yi. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2022.Quality Control of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

Disulfides are widely found in natural products and find a wide range of applications in life sciences, materials chem. and other fields. The preparation of disulfides mainly rely on oxidative couplings of two sulfur containing compounds This strategy has many side reactions and other shortcomings. Herein, authors describe the reductive nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of unactivated alkyl bromides with sym. alkyl- and aryltetrasulfides to form alkyl-alkyl and aryl-alkyl unsym. disulfides. This approach for disulfide synthesis is practical, relies on easily available, unfunctionalized substrates, and is scalable. Author investigated the mechanism of this transformation and found that the tetrasulfide compound does not selectively break the central S-S bond, but regio-selectively generates trisulfide intermediates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Quality Control of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Quality Control of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A Responsive Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agent for Detection of Excess Copper(II) in the Liver In Vivo was written by Paranawithana, Namini N.;Martins, Andre F.;Clavijo Jordan, Veronica;Zhao, Piyu;Chirayil, Sara;Meloni, Gabriele;Sherry, A. Dean. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2019.Application of 6515-58-8 This article mentions the following:

The design, synthesis, and properties of a new gadolinium-based copper-responsive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent is presented. The sensor (GdL₁) has high selectivity for copper ions and exhibits a 43% increase in r₁ relaxivity (20 MHz) upon binding to 1 equiv of Cu²⁺ in aqueous buffer. Interestingly, in the presence of physiol. levels of human serum albumin (HSA), the r₁ relaxivity is amplified further up to 270%. Addnl. spectroscopic and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studies show that Cu²⁺ is coordinated by two carboxylic acid groups and the single amine group on an appended side chain of GdL₁ and forms a ternary complex with HSA (GdL₁-Cu²⁺-HSA). T₁-weighted in vivo imaging demonstrates that GdL₁ can detect basal, endogenous labile copper(II) ions in living mice. This offers a unique opportunity to explore the role of copper ions in the development and progression of neurol. diseases such as Wilson’s disease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8Application of 6515-58-8).

3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Application of 6515-58-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of oligo-6-bromo-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrins was written by Kurochkina, G. I.;Trushkin, I. Yu.;Grachev, M. K.;Nifant’ev, E. E.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of General Chemistry in 2004.Safety of Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin This article mentions the following:

Two methods of synthesis of oligo-6-bromo-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrins, with use of the Vilsmeier-Haack reagent and via tosyl derivatives of β-cyclodextrin, were compared. The second method holds more promise, since it allows a desired number of bromine atoms to be introduced into the β-cyclodextrin mol. instead of hydroxy groups. A correlation between the decomposition onset points of oligo-6-bromo-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrins and the number of bromine substituents in them was revealed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1Safety of Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin).

Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin (cas: 53784-83-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Safety of Heptakis(6-Bromo-6-Deoxy)-β-Cyclodextrin

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Behavior of mixed halogenated phenols in the Zincke method of nitration was written by Raiford, L. Chas.;Miller, Glen R.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1933.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

In the nitration of mixed halogenated phenols and cresols it is shown that when Br occupies both the o- and p-positions, isomeric mono-NO₂ compounds may be formed; a phenol having H in 1 o-position and Br in the other may undergo nitration at both positions in the same experiment Cl is not replaceable by the NO₂ group under the conditions studied. Further evidence is reported to support the view that, in general, only 1 Ac-Bz derivative can be prepared from an o-aminophenol, regardless of the order of the introduction of the acyl radicals. o-ClC₆H₄OH and Br in CCl₄ give 87% of the 4-Br derivative, m. 48-9°; p-ClC₆H₄OH gives 62% of the 2-Br derivative, m. 121-3° (Bz derivative, m. 99-100°). 2-Bromo-6-chloro-p-cresol, b₃ 127-8°, m. 30° (69% yield); 2,3-di-Br derivative, pale brown, m. 80-1°; 2,3,5-tri-Br derivative, m. 197-8°. 2,4-BrClC₆H₃OH gives 34% of the 6-NO₂ derivative, m. 112°; 2,4-ClBrC₆H₃OH gives a mixture of the 6-NO₂ derivative and 2,4-Cl(O₂N)C₆H₃OH; 2,4,6-BrCl₂C₆H₂OH gives 4,6,2-Cl₂(O₂N)C₆H₃OH, while 2,6,4-Cl₂BrC₆H₂OH gives 2,6,4-Cl₂(O₂N)C₆H₂OH. 2,6,4-Br₂ClC₆H₂OH gives 2,4,6-BrCl(O₂N)C₆H₂OH, while 4,6,2-Br₂ClC₆H₂OH gives a mixture of 2,6,4- and 2,4,6-ClBr(O₂N)C₆H₂OH. 2,3,4,5,6-MeBr₃ClC₆OH gives 2,3,5,6,4-MeBr₂Cl(O₂N)C₆OH, m. 182-3° (91% yield); the isomeric 2,3,5,6,4-MeBr₃ClC₆OH gives 87% of 2-methyl-3,5-dibromo-4-chloro-6-nitrophenol, yellow, m. 149-50° (Bz derivative, m. 131-2°). 3,4,6-MeClBrC₆H₂OH gives 25% of 3-methyl-4-chloro-6-nitrophenol (I), yellow, m. 133-4°, and also 2-nitro-3-methyl-4-chloro-6-bromophenol, yellow, m. 103-4°. 3,4,2,6-MeClBr₂C₆HOH gives nearly quant. 2-bromo-3-methyl-4-chloro-6-nitrophenol, yellow, m. 87°, also formed by bromination of I. 2,3,4,5-Br₂MeClC₆HOH gives 2-nitro-3-bromo-4-methyl-6-chlorophenol, yellow, m. 109-10°; 2,3,5,4,6-Br₃MeClC₆OH gives 2-nitro-3,5-dibromo-4-methyl-6-chlorophenol, pale yellow, m. 157-8°. 4-Chloro-6-amino-o-cresol, gray, m. 107°; N,O-di-Ac derivative, pink, m. 195-6°; acetylamino derivative, brown, m. 110°; N-Bz-O-Ac derivative, m. 159°; benzoylamino derivative, brown, m. 203°. 2-Amino-4-chloro-6-bromo-m-cresol, brown, m. 131-2°; N,O-di-Ac derivative, m. 215°; N-Ac derivative, brown, m. 184-5°; N-Bz-O-Ac derivative, m. 166-7°; N-Bz derivative, m. 247°. 2-Bromo-4-chloro-6-amino-m-cresol, pale brown, m. 111-2°; N,O-di-Ac derivative, m. 220°; N-Ac derivative, pale brown, m. 180° (decomposition); N-Bz-O-Ac derivative, pink, m. 189°; N-Bz derivative, brownish, m. 192-3°; N,O-di-Bz derivative, m. 191°. 2-Amino-3-bromo-6-chloro-p-cresol, brownish, m. 146-7°; N,O-di-Ac derivative, m. 194-5°; N-Ac derivative, brown, m. 149-9.5°; N-Bz-O-Ac derivative, m. 220-1°; N-Bz derivative, pale brown, m. 178°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol (cas: 58349-01-2Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

4-Bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol (cas: 58349-01-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary