Month: February 2023

The Role of Long-Alkyl-Group Spacers in Glycolated Copolymers for High-Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors was written by Tan, Ellasia;Kim, Jingwan;Stewart, Katherine;Pitsalidis, Charalampos;Kwon, Sooncheol;Siemons, Nicholas;Kim, Jehan;Jiang, Yifei;Frost, Jarvist M.;Pearce, Drew;Tyrrell, James E.;Nelson, Jenny;Owens, Roisin M.;Kim, Yun-Hi;Kim, Ji-Seon. And the article was included in Advanced Materials (Weinheim, Germany) in 2022.Reference of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

Semiconducting polymers with oligoethylene glycol (OEG) sidechains have attracted strong research interest for organic electrochem. transistor (OECT) applications. However, key mol. design rules for high-performance OECTs via efficient mixed electronic/ionic charge transport are still unclear. In this work, new glycolated copolymers (gDPP-TTT and gDPP-TTVTT) with diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) acceptor and thiophene (T) and vinylene (V) thiophene-based donor units are synthesized and characterized for accumulation mode OECTs, where a long-alkyl-group (C₁₂) attached to the DPP unit acts as a spacer distancing the OEG groups from the polymer backbone. gDPP-TTVTT shows the highest OECT transconductance (61.9 S cm^-1) and high operational stability, compared to gDPP-TTT and their alkylated counterparts. Surprisingly, gDPP-TTVTT also shows high electronic charge mobility in a field-effect transistor, suggesting efficient ion injection/diffusion without hindering its efficient electronic charge transport. The elongated donor unit (TTVTT) facilitates hole polaron formation to be more localized to the donor unit, leading to faster and easier polaron formation with less impact on polymer structure during OECT operation, as opposed to the TTT unit. This is supported by mol. dynamics simulation. These simultaneously high electronic and ionic charge-transport properties are achieved due to the long-alkyl-group spacer in amphipathic sidechains, providing an important mol. design rule for glycolated copolymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Reference of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Reference of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The addition of halogen derivatives to allylbenzenes in the presence of peroxides; preparation of 锠?bromopropylbenzenes was written by Quelet, Raymond;Durand-Dran, Raymonde;Pineau, Robert. And the article was included in Compt. rend. in 1957.Electric Literature of C10H13BrO This article mentions the following:

Despite the presence of a normally unreactive double bond, RC₆H₄CH₂CH:CH₂ (I) were converted to RC₆H₄CH₂CH₂Br (II) by treatment with HBr under the conditions of the Kharasch reaction (cf. C.A. 41, 4769h). Although no details are given, CCl₄ and CHBr₃ also added to I in the presence of Ac₂O to give satisfactory yields of the polyhalogenated butylbenzenes. I (in C₆H₆ solution only if the II crystallized) were treated gradually with 4-8% Bz₂O₂ in C₆H₆ or Ac₂O in Et₂O and saturated with dry HBr gas at 0-10鎺?in a long cylindrical tube. The saturated mixture was freed of excess HBr at room temperature with a stream of air, washed, neutralized, treated with Na₂S₂O₄ solution, and distilled in vacuo. The II were identified by conversion to RC₆H₄CH₂CH₂CH₂CO₂H (III) by formation of their Grignard compounds in Et₂O or tetrahydrofuran or in some cases via the nitriles. The following II were prepared (R, b.p./mm., % yield, and m.p. of III given): H, 113-15鎺?16, 80, 50鎺? o-Me, 75-6鎺?0.35, 66, 59-60鎺? m-Me, 85-6鎺?1.1, 80, 37.5鎺? p-Me, 75-8鎺?0.7, 70, 58鎺? p-MeO, 85鎺?0.8, 70, 58鎺? 3,4-di-MeO (IV), 108-10鎺?0.01, 55, -. III were formed in good yields except from IV where demethylation took place in the Grignard preparation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Electric Literature of C10H13BrO).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Electric Literature of C10H13BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Phosphabarrelenes as ligands in rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation of internal alkenes essentially free of alkene isomerization was written by Fuchs, Evelyn;Keller, Manfred;Breit, Bernhard. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2006.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Despite significant research efforts in the past, one of the remaining problems to be solved in industrially important hydroformylation is the chemoselective low-pressure hydroformylation of internal alkenes. The authors prepare a new class of phosphabarrelenes (I, R = Ph (26%, 4a), i-Pr (35%, 4b), 2,4-xylyl (47%, 4c)) by Diels Alder reactions of benzyne with phosphabenzenes. Studies of the coordination properties of I, as well as results obtained in the Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation of cyclic and acyclic internal alkenes are reported. The rhodium/phosphabarrelene catalyst displays a very high activity towards hydroformylation with an unusually low tendency towards alkene isomerization. E.g., phosphabarrelene rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation (4c/[Rh(CO)₂acac], acac = acetylacetonate) of N-Boc-pyrroline gives exclusively the pyrroline 3-carboxaldehyde. The mol. structures of 4a and two phosphabarrelene rhodium complexes are determined by x-ray crystallog. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A Robust and Broadly Applicable Cobalt-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Functionalized Bench-Stable Organozinc Pivalates with Unsaturated Halides was written by Hammann, Jeffrey M.;Lutter, Ferdinand H.;Haas, Diana;Knochel, Paul. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 474709-71-2 This article mentions the following:

We report a robust and broadly applicable CoCl₂-catalyzed cross-coupling between functionalized aryl and heteroaryl zinc pivalates and various electron-poor aryl and heteroaryl halides (X=Cl, Br, I). Couplings with (E)- or (Z)-bromo- or iodo-alkenes proceed with retention of configuration. Also, alkynyl bromides react with arylzinc pivalates providing arylated alkynes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 474709-71-2HPLC of Formula: 474709-71-2).

Ethyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 474709-71-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.HPLC of Formula: 474709-71-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Imidazopyridine and Pyrazolopiperidine Derivatives as Novel Inhibitors of Serine Palmitoyl Transferase was written by Genin, Michael J.;Gonzalez Valcarcel, Isabel C.;Holloway, William G.;Lamar, Jason;Mosior, Marian;Hawkins, Eric;Estridge, Thomas;Weidner, Jeffrey;Seng, Thomas;Yurek, David;Adams, Lisa A.;Weller, Jennifer;Reynolds, Vincent L.;Brozinick, Joseph T.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.COA of Formula: C6H5BrN2O2 This article mentions the following:

To develop novel treatments for type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia, we pursued inhibitors of serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT). To this end compounds (I) and (II) were developed as potent SPT inhibitors in vitro. I and II reduce plasma ceramides in rodents, have a slight trend toward enhanced insulin sensitization in DIO mice, and reduce triglycerides and raise HDL in cholesterol/cholic acid fed rats. Unfortunately these mols. cause a gastric enteropathy after chronic dosing in rats. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Amino-5-bromonicotinic acid (cas: 180340-69-6COA of Formula: C6H5BrN2O2).

6-Amino-5-bromonicotinic acid (cas: 180340-69-6) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.COA of Formula: C6H5BrN2O2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Discovery of a Novel Class of D-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitors Using the Schr鏋歞inger Computational Platform was written by Tang, Haifeng;Jensen, Kristian;Houang, Evelyne;McRobb, Fiona M.;Bhat, Sathesh;Svensson, Mats;Bochevarov, Art;Day, Tyler;Dahlgren, Markus K.;Bell, Jeffery A.;Frye, Leah;Skene, Robert J.;Lewis, James H.;Osborne, James D.;Tierney, Jason P.;Gordon, James A.;Palomero, Maria A.;Gallati, Caroline;Chapman, Robert S. L.;Jones, Daniel R.;Hirst, Kim L.;Sephton, Mark;Chauhan, Alka;Sharpe, Andrew;Tardia, Piero;Dechaux, Elsa A.;Taylor, Andrea;Waddell, Ross D.;Valentine, Andrea;Janssens, Holden B.;Aziz, Omar;Bloomfield, Dawn E.;Ladha, Sandeep;Fraser, Ian J.;Ellard, John M.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2022.Electric Literature of C8H6BrFO2 This article mentions the following:

D-Serine is a coagonist of the N-Me D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a key excitatory neurotransmitter receptor. In the brain, D-serine is synthesized from its L-isomer by serine racemase and is metabolized by the D-amino acid oxidase (DAO, DAAO). Many studies have linked decreased D-serine concentration and/or increased DAO expression and enzyme activity to NMDA dysfunction and schizophrenia. Thus, it is feasible to employ DAO inhibitors for the treatment of schizophrenia and other indications. Powered by the Schr鏋歞inger computational modeling platform, we initiated a research program to identify novel DAO inhibitors with the best-in-class properties. The program execution leveraged an hDAO FEP+ model to prospectively predict compound potency. A new class of DAO inhibitors with desirable properties has been discovered from this endeavor. Our modeling technol. on this program has not only enhanced the efficiency of structure-activity relationship development but also helped to identify a previously unexplored subpocket for further optimization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 82702-31-6Electric Literature of C8H6BrFO2).

Methyl 3-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 82702-31-6) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon閳ユ彽romine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Electric Literature of C8H6BrFO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of homoenolates and their higher homologues with unactivated alkyl bromides was written by Lin, Tingzhi;Gu, Yuanyun;Qian, Pengcheng;Guan, Haixing;Walsh, Patrick J.;Mao, Jianyou. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2020.Product Details of 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

A nickel-catalyzed generation of homoenolates, and their higher homologues, via decarbonylation of readily available cyclic anhydrides was developed. The utility of nickel-bound homoenolates and their higher homologues was demonstrated by cross-coupling with unactivated alkyl bromides, generated a diverse array of aliphatic acids. A broad range of functional groups was tolerated. Preliminary mechanistic studies demonstrated that the oxidative addition of anhydrides by the catalyst was faster than oxidative addition of alkyl bromides. The nickel bound metallocycles were involved in this transformation. The catalyst undergoes a single electron transfer (SET) process with the alkyl bromide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Product Details of 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Product Details of 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of Quinazolines and Tetrahydroquinazolines: Copper-Catalyzed Tandem Reactions of 2-Bromobenzyl Bromides with Aldehydes and Aqueous Ammonia or Amines was written by Fan, Xuesen;Li, Bin;Guo, Shenghai;Wang, Yuanyuan;Zhang, Xinying. And the article was included in Chemistry – An Asian Journal in 2014.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide This article mentions the following:

An efficient synthesis of diversely substituted quinazolines and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolines through copper-catalyzed tandem reactions of the readily available 2-bromobenzyl bromides, aldehydes, and aqueous ammonia or amines has been developed. By using ammonia and simple aliphatic amines as the nitrogen source, the present method provides a versatile and practical protocol for the synthesis of quinazolines and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolines. E.g., in presence of Cu(OAc)₂ and DMAP in DMSO at 80 鎺矯, reaction of 2-BrC₆H₄CH₂Br, 4-MeC₆H₄CHO and aqueous ammonia gave 64% quinazoline derivative I. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide).

2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel arylpiperazines as potent antagonists of 浼?-adrenoceptor was written by Silva, Renata Oliveira;de Oliveira, Andressa Souza;Nunes Lemes, Lais Flavia;de Camargo Nascente, Luciana;Coelho do Nascimento Nogueira, Patricia;Silveira, Edilberto R.;Brand, Guilherme D.;Vistoli, Giulio;Cilia, Antonio;Poggesi, Elena;Buccioni, Michela;Marucci, Gabriella;Bolognesi, Maria Laura;Romeiro, Luiz Antonio Soares. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.Electric Literature of C9H11BrO This article mentions the following:

Arylpiperazines 2-11 were synthesized, and their biol. profiles at 浼?-adrenergic receptors (浼?-ARs) assessed by binding assays in CHO cells expressing human cloned subtypes and by functional experiments in isolated rat vas deferens (浼?A), spleen (浼?B), and aorta (浼?D). Modifications at the 1,3-benzodioxole and Ph phamacophoric units resulted in the identification of a number of potent compounds (moderately selective with respect to the 浼?b-AR), in binding experiments Notably, compound 7 (LDT451) showed a subnanomolar pK_i of 9.41 towards 浼?a-AR. An encouragingly lower 浼?B-potency was a general trend for all the series of compounds, which showed 浼?A/D over 浼?B selectivity in functional assays. If adequately optimized, such peculiar selectivity could have relevance for a potential LUTS/BPH therapeutic application. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Electric Literature of C9H11BrO).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Electric Literature of C9H11BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Novel acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of phthalimide alkyloxyphenyl N,N-dimethylcarbamate derivatives was written by Zhao, Qianfei;Yang, Guoquan;Mei, Xiangdong;Yuan, Huizhu;Ning, Jun. And the article was included in Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology in 2009.Formula: C13H14BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

Based on the multiple binding sites of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a series of AChE inhibitors: phthalimide alkyloxyphenyl N,N-dimethylcarbamate were designed and synthesized. AChE inhibitory activity and structure-activity relationship of the compounds were researched also. The influence of structural variations on the inhibitory potency was carefully investigated by modifying different alkyloxy chain length and position between phthalimide and Ph N,N-dimethylcarbamate (PDM). The biol. properties of the series were investigated by considering the activity on isolated enzyme. Some of the newly synthesized derivatives, when tested on isolated AChE from head of housefly (Musca domestica), were more active than PDM. The compounds J1, J2 and K1-K8 demonstrated higher inhibitory activity (5- to 404-fold) for AChE than that of PDM. In particular, compound K1 displayed the best AChE inhibition (404-fold higher than PDM), which suggested that phthalimide group of K1 strongly bound at the residues lining the gorge while Ph N,N-dimethylcarbamate bound at the catalytic site. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4Formula: C13H14BrNO2).

N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Formula: C13H14BrNO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary