Author: Jessica.F

Polymer-supported bases, 4. Macrolide synthesis from 锠?bromocarboxylic acids using polymer-supported 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene was written by Tomoi, Masao;Watanabe, Takashi;Suzuki, Takayuki;Kakiuchi, Hiroshi. And the article was included in Makromolekulare Chemie in 1985.Formula: C15H29BrO2 This article mentions the following:

The macrolide yield in the title synthesis is a function of the degree of ring substitution and of crosslinking, which governs the effective concentration of the fixed substrate within the polymeric reagent. The effect of the polystyrene matrix on the macrolide yield in the heterogeneous system was compared with the corresponding homogeneous reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 15-Bromopentadecanoic acid (cas: 56523-59-2Formula: C15H29BrO2).

15-Bromopentadecanoic acid (cas: 56523-59-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Formula: C15H29BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Selective ET_A Antagonists. 5. Discovery and Structure-Activity Relationships of Phenoxyphenylacetic Acid Derivatives was written by Astles, Peter C.;Brown, Thomas J.;Halley, Frank;Handscombe, Caroline M.;Harris, Neil V.;Majid, Tahir N.;McCarthy, Clive;McLay, Iain M.;Morley, Andrew;Porter, Barry;Roach, Alan G.;Sargent, Carol;Smith, Christopher;Walsh, Roger J. A.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2000.SDS of cas: 83902-02-7 This article mentions the following:

The fifth paper in this series describes the culmination of our investigations into the development of a potent and selective ET_A receptor antagonist for the treatment of diseases mediated by ET-1. Receptor site mapping of several ET_A antagonists prepared previously identified a common cationic binding site which prompted synthesis of phenoxyphenylacetic acid derivative 13a, which showed good in vitro activity (IC₅₀ 59 nM, rat aortic ET_A). Optimization of 13a led to the identification of 27b, which exhibited an IC₅₀ of 4 nM. Although this did not translate into the expected in vivo potency, a compound of comparable in vitro activity, 27a (RPR118031A), showed a far better pharmacokinetic profile and in vivo potency (75 娓璵ol/kg) and was duly proposed and accepted as a development candidate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7SDS of cas: 83902-02-7).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.SDS of cas: 83902-02-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Coupling reactions of halobenzenes with alkynes. The synthesis of phenylacetylenes and symmetrical or unsymmetrical 1,2-diphenylacetylenes was written by Stara, Irena G.;Stary, Ivo;Kollarovic, Adrian;Teply, Filip;Saman, David;Fiedler, Pavel. And the article was included in Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications in 1999.Related Products of 61150-57-0 This article mentions the following:

The Pd- or Pd/Cu-catalyzed coupling reactions of halobenzenes bearing the Me, hydroxymethyl, acetoxymethyl, methoxycarbonyl, or both methoxy and 4,4-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl groups in the ortho-position with gaseous or metalated acetylene, (trialkylsilyl)acetylenes, and arylacetylenes were systematically studied. Various functionalized aryl- or diarylacetylenes were synthesized in good to excellent yields. Whereas addnl. fluoro, nitro, or methoxy group attached to the benzene ring does not interfere in the coupling reactions, the presence of a methoxycarbonyl requires a careful optimization of reaction conditions to achieve moderate yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0Related Products of 61150-57-0).

2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon閳ユ彽romine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Related Products of 61150-57-0

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Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The dissociation constants of m-halogenated phenols and of some of their mononitro derivatives was written by Hodgson, Herbert H.;Smith, Reggie. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1939.Reference of 76361-99-4 This article mentions the following:

Dissociation constants (K_a) at 25鎺?for 0.005 N solutions of substituted phenols in 30% EtOH (by volume) or in water were calculated from p_H measurements made with the glass electrode. Values of K_a 鑴?10⁷ (for 30% EtOH) were: m-fluoro-, 0.00151; 3-fluoro-6-nitro-, 2.34; 3-fluoro-2-nitro-, 1.99; 3-fluoro-4-nitro-, 1.66; m-chloro-, 0.00363; 3-chloro-2-nitro-, 1.78; 3-chloro-4-nitro-, 1.58; m-bromo-, 0.00331; 3-bromo-2-nitro-, 1.66; 3-bromo-4-nitro-, 1.45; m-iodo-, 0.00309; 3-iodo-2-nitro-, 1.29; 3-iodo-4-nitro-, 1.15. Values of K_a 鑴?10¹⁰ (for water) are: m-fluoro-, 5.37; m-chloro-, 8.51; m-bromo-, 7.76; m-iodo-, 6.76. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-2-nitrophenol (cas: 76361-99-4Reference of 76361-99-4).

3-Bromo-2-nitrophenol (cas: 76361-99-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Reference of 76361-99-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Stabilization of hyperactive molecules through complexation: 2-formylbutadieneiron tricarbonyl. Preparation, cleavage and reactivity was written by Franck-Neumann, Michel;Martina, Daniel;Heitz, Marie Paule. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 1986.Electric Literature of C23H26BrP This article mentions the following:

The Fe formylbutadiene complex I was prepared from isoprene by 2 routes, and resolved via chiral semioxamazone formation. Treating I with organolithium or organocuprate reagents gave products diastereospecifically. On the other hand, treating I with Grignard reagents or with MeTi(OCHMe₂)₃ gave mixtures of diastereoisomers. Horner-Emmons reaction of I with (MeO)₂P(O)CH₂CO₂Me gave a single isomer II. Treating II with Me₂CN₂ gave 铻?sup>1-pyrazoline-Fe diastereoisomers, as well as a 铻?sup>2-pyrazoline-Fe complex. Wittig reactions of I, followed by hydroboration, were also performed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (cas: 28322-40-9Electric Literature of C23H26BrP).

Isopentyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (cas: 28322-40-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon鑱砨romine bond is electrophilic in nature. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Electric Literature of C23H26BrP

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Oxygen Donor-Mediated Equilibration of Diastereomeric Alkene-Palladium(II) Intermediates in Enantioselective Desymmetrizing Heck Cyclizations was written by Machotta, Axel B.;Straub, Bernd F.;Oestreich, Martin. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2007.Application of 2178-24-7 This article mentions the following:

This investigation examines the origin of enantioselection in the desymmetrization of an acyclic prochiral Heck cyclization precursor. High asym. induction (97-98% ee) is attributed to a temporary interaction of a Lewis basic oxygen donor with weakly Lewis acidic palladium(II). A series of control experiments combined with quantum-chem. model calculations provided sound evidence for a mechanism involving oxygen donor-mediated, rapid equilibration of diastereomeric alkene-palladium(II) complexes prior to the selectivity-determining ring-closing event, a Curtin-Hammett scenario. Our study also highlights the importance of the cationic pathway (triflate counter anions vs. halido ligand) and alkene stereochem. (E vs. Z) in asym. Heck reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7Application of 2178-24-7).

Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Application of 2178-24-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthetic and Structure/Activity Studies on Acid-Substituted 2-Arylphenols: Discovery of 2-[2-Propyl-3-[3-[2-ethyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxyphenoxy]- propoxy]phenoxy]benzoic Acid, a High-Affinity Leukotriene B₄ Receptor Antagonist was written by Sawyer, J. Scott;Bach, Nicholas J.;Baker, S. Richard;Baldwin, Ronald F.;Borromeo, Peter S.;Cockerham, Sandra L.;Fleisch, Jerome H.;Floreancig, Paul;Froelich, Larry L.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1995.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Structural derivatives of LY255283 have been studied as receptor antagonists of leukotriene B₄. Substitution of the 2-hydroxyacetophenone subunit of 1-[5-Ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-[[6-methyl-6-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)heptyl]oxy]phenyl]ethanone (LY255283) with a 2-arylphenol group provided entry into several new series that feature various mono- and diacidic core functionality. These new analogs, the subject of a broad structure-activity investigation, displayed significantly increased in vitro and in vivo activity as receptor antagonists of LTB₄. A series of diaryl ether carboxylic acids demonstrated especially interesting activity and led to the discovery of 2-[2-propyl-3-[3-[2-ethyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxyphenoxy]propoxy]phenoxy]benzoic acid (LY293111), a 2-arylphenol-substituted diaryl ether carboxylic acid which displayed potent binding to human neutrophils (IC₅₀ = 17 鍗?4.6 nM) and guinea pig lung membranes (IC₅₀ = 6.6 鍗?0.71 nM), inhibition of LTB₄-induced expression of the CD11b/CD18 receptor on human neutrophils (IC₅₀ = 3.3 鍗?0.81 nM), and inhibition of LTB₄-induced contraction of guinea pig lung parenchyma (pK_B = 8.7 鍗?0.16). 801Vivo, LY293111 demonstrated potent activity in inhibiting LTB₄-induced airway obstruction in the guinea pig when dosed by the oral (ED₅₀ = 0.40 mg/kg) or i.v. (ED₅₀ = 0.014 mg/kg) routes. A specific LTB₄ receptor antagonist, LY293111 had little effect on inhibiting contractions of guinea pig lung parenchyma induced by leukotriene D₄ (LTD₄), histamine, carbachol, or U46619. LY293111 was chosen as a clin. candidate and is currently in phase I studies for a variety of inflammatory diseases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Substituted dienes prepared from betulinic acid – Synthesis, cytotoxicity, mechanism of action, and pharmacological parameters was written by Pokorny, Jan;Olejnikova, Denisa;Frydrych, Ivo;Liskova, Barbora;Gurska, Sona;Benicka, Sandra;Sarek, Jan;Kotulova, Jana;Hajduch, Marian;Dzubak, Petr;Urban, Milan. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2 This article mentions the following:

A set of new substituted dienes were synthesized from betulinic acid by its oxidation to 30-oxobetulinic acid followed by the Wittig reaction. Cytotoxicity of all compounds was tested in vitro in eight cancer cell lines and two noncancer fibroblasts. Almost all dienes were more cytotoxic than betulinic acid. Four compounds had IC₅₀ below 5娓璵ol/L; I and II were selected for studies of the mechanism of action. Cell cycle anal. revealed an increase in the number of apoptotic cells at 5 x IC₅₀ concentration, where activation of irreversible changes leading to cell death can be expected. Both I and II led to the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase with partial inhibition of DNA/RNA synthesis at 1 x IC₅₀ and almost complete inhibition at 5 x IC₅₀. Interestingly, compound II at 5 x IC₅₀ caused the accumulation of cells in the S phase. Higher concentrations of tested drugs probably inhibit more off-targets than lower concentrations Mechanisms disrupting cellular metabolism can induce the accumulation of cells in the S phase. Both compounds I and II trigger selective apoptosis in cancer cells via intrinsic pathway, which we have demonstrated by changes in the expression of the crucial apoptosis-related protein. Pharmacol. parameters of derivative I were superior to II, therefore I was the finally selected candidate for the development of anticancer drug. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2).

3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon閳ユ彽romine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Platinum and Palladium Complexes Containing Cationic Ligands as Catalysts for Arene H/D Exchange and Oxidation was written by Emmert, Marion H.;Gary, J. Brannon;Villalobos, Janette M.;Sanford, Melanie S.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2010.Reference of 35065-86-2 This article mentions the following:

Palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of pyridinium-substituted bipyridine ligands I (R = Ph, 4-tBu-C₆H₄) are highly active and stable catalysts for H/D exchange and acetoxylation of aromatic C-H bonds (TONs up to 3200, TOFs up to 0.1 s-1). The regioselectivity of the deuteration and acetoxylation is studied and compared to traditional catalysts. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2Reference of 35065-86-2).

3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Reference of 35065-86-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis and Reactivity of Cobalt-Dinitrogen Complexes Bearing Anionic PCP-Type Pincer Ligands toward Catalytic Silylamine Formation from Dinitrogen was written by Kuriyama, Shogo;Wei, Shenglan;Tanaka, Hiromasa;Konomi, Asuka;Yoshizawa, Kazunari;Nishibayashi, Yoshiaki. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2022.Product Details of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

A series of cobalt(I)-dinitrogen complexes bearing anionic 4-substituted benzene-based PCP-type pincer ligands are synthesized and characterized. These complexes work as highly efficient catalysts for the formation of silylamine from dinitrogen under ambient reaction conditions to produce up to 371 equiv of silylamine based on the cobalt atom of the catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Product Details of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Product Details of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary