Author: Jessica.F

《In situ conversion of rose bengal microbubbles into nanoparticles for ultrasound imaging guided sonodynamic therapy with enhanced antitumor efficacy》 was published in Biomaterials Science in 2020. These research results belong to Hou, Rui; Liang, Xiaolong; Li, Xiaoda; Zhang, Xu; Ma, Xiaotu; Wang, Fan. Application of 17696-11-6 The article mentions the following:

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a prospective therapy for many tumors by activation of sonosensitizers to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by ultrasound (US). However, limited generation of ROS and low drug delivery efficiency of sonosensitizers to the tumor tissue still hinder the application of SDT. Herein, an amphiphilic rose bengal (ARB) conjugate was designed to fabricate rose bengal microbubbles (RB-MBs) with high drug-loading contents (~6.8%) and excellent contrast enhancement capability for US imaging, well suited for detecting tumor location and size. More importantly, RB-MBs could be successfully converted into RB-NPs by local US exposure, resulting in ~7.5 times higher drug accumulation at the tumor tissue through the sonoporation effect as compared to RB-NPs and RB-MBs without US sonication. Meanwhile, using RB as the MB shell facilitated US energy transfer by the US mediated collapse of MBs through either a sonoluminescence or pyrolysis process; thus, the ROS generation efficiency could be greatly enhanced, resulting in a significantly higher tumor inhibition rate for the RB-MBs + US (~76.5%) in the HT-29 tumor model as compared to conventional MBs + US and RB-NPs + US (~23.8% and ~49.2%), resp. All these results suggested that this novel sonosensitizer delivery system of RB-MBs combined with US is a powerful strategy for remarkably enhancing SDT therapeutic efficacy with minimal side effects, showing great potential in cancer theranostics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6Application of 17696-11-6)

8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6) acid is used in the synthesis of 8-(N-Methyl-4,4′-bipyridinyl)- octanoic acid. 8-Mercaptooctanoic acid was prepared from 8-bromooctanoic acid. And 8-Bromooctanoic Acid is a useful compound for sonodynamic therapy.Application of 17696-11-6

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Comparative Studies of the Corrosion Inhibition Efficacy of a Dicationic Monomer and Its Polymer against API X60 Steel Corrosion in Simulated Acidizing Fluid under Static and Hydrodynamic Conditions》 was published in ACS Omega in 2020. These research results belong to Odewunmi, Nurudeen A.; Solomon, Moses M.; Umoren, Saviour A.; Ali, Shaikh A.. Application of 629-03-8 The article mentions the following:

N1,N1-diallyl-N6,N6,N6-tripropylhexane-1,6-diaminium chloride (NDTHDC) and its polymer poly(N1,N1-diallyl-N6,N6,N6-tripropylhexane-1,6-diaminium chloride) (poly-NDTHDC) were synthesized and tested against API X60 carbon steel corrosion in 15 wt % HCl solution Weight loss, electrochem., and surface anal. techniques were used. Results show that poly-NDTHDC is better than NDTHDC. Moreover, 1000 mg/L NDTHDC protected the studied surface by 79.1% at 25 °C, while 100 mg/L poly-NDTHDC afforded 86.1% protection. Inhibition efficiency increases with temperature (up to 60 °C) but depreciates thereafter. NDTHDC and poly-NDTHDC perform better under the hydrodynamic condition than the static condition. TGA and FTIR results reveal that poly-NDTHDC is chem. and thermally stable. In the experiment, the researchers used 1,6-Dibromohexane(cas: 629-03-8Application of 629-03-8)

1,6-Dibromohexane(cas: 629-03-8) is generally used to introduce C6 spacer in the molecular architecture. Some of the examples are: synthesis of solvent processable and conductive polyfluorene ionomers for alkaline fuel cell applications; synthesis of cross-linkable regioregular poly(3-(5-hexenyl)thiophene) (P3HNT) for stabilizing the film morphology in polymer photovoltaic cells.Application of 629-03-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Singlet oxygen stimulus for switchable functional organic cages》 was published in Chemical Science in 2020. These research results belong to Mongin, Cedric; Ardoy, Alejandro Mendez; Mereau, Raphael; Bassani, Dario M.; Bibal, Brigitte. Application In Synthesis of 9,10-Dibromoanthracene The article mentions the following:

Mol. cages 1a and 2a incorporating a 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) chromophore were synthesized through a templated ring-closure metathesis approach that allows variation in cavity size through the introduction of up to three different pillars. Reversible Diels-Alder reaction between the DPA moiety and photogenerated singlet oxygen smoothly converted 1a and 2a to the corresponding endoperoxide cages 1b and 2b, which are converted back to 1a and 2a upon heating. Endoperoxide formation constitutes a reversible covalent signal that combines structural changes in the interior of the cage with introduction of two addnl. coordination sites. This results in a large modulation of the binding ability of the receptors attributed to a change in the location of the preferred binding site owing to the added coordination by the endoperoxide oxygen lone pairs. Cages 1a and 2a form complexes with sodium and cesium whose association constants are modified by 4-20 fold for Na+ and 200-450 fold for Cs+ upon conversion to 1b and 2b. DFT calculations show that in the anthracene form, cages 1a and 2a can bind 2 metal cations in their periphery so that each cation is coordinated by 4 oxygens and one amine nitrogen, whereas the endoperoxide cages 1b and 2b bind cations centrally in a geometry that favors coordination to the endoperoxide oxygens.9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3Application In Synthesis of 9,10-Dibromoanthracene) was used in this study.

9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3) is synthesized by the bromination of anthracene. The bromination reaction is carried out at room temperature using carbon tetrachloride as a solvent. Using 80-85% anthracene as raw material, adding bromine to react for half an hour, the yield is 83-88%.Application In Synthesis of 9,10-Dibromoanthracene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Oxidative Addition of C-X Bonds and H-H Activation Using PNNP-Iron Complexes》 was published in ChemistrySelect in 2020. These research results belong to Gautam, Monika; Yatabe, Takafumi; Tanaka, Shinji; Satou, Naoto; Takeshita, Tomohiro; Yamaguchi, Kazuya; Nakajima, Yumiko. Safety of (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane The article mentions the following:

Iron(0) complex bearing a phenanthroline-based meridional PNNP ligand [{Fe(PNNP)}2(μ-N2)] (1) (PNNP = 2,9-bis((diphenylphosphino)methyl)-1,10-phenanthroline) smoothly reacted with CH3I at ambient temperature to cleave C-I bond, resulting in the formation of the corresponding oxidative addition product, [Fe(CH3)(I)(PNNP)] (2). Complex 2 was fully identified by NMR and its structure was determined by a single crystal x-ray diffraction study. Mechanistic study using cyclopropylmethyl bromide as a radical clock supported a radical pathway for the C-I bond cleavage of CH3I. Complex 2 underwent deprotonation on treatment with NaOtBu to form 4, which possessed a dearomatized phenanthroline backbone. Complex 4 further reacted with H2 to cleave H-H bond. The reaction was mediated by metal-ligand cooperation process that involves re-aromatization of the phenanthroline backbone of the PNNP ligand. After reading the article, we found that the author used (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane(cas: 7051-34-5Safety of (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane)

(Bromomethyl)cyclopropane(cas: 7051-34-5) is used as a synthetic building block for the introduction of the cyclopropylmethyl group. It was also used in the synthesis of 1,4-dienes via iron-catalyzed cross-coupling with alkenyl Grignard reagents.Safety of (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Ligand-Enabled Pd(II)-Catalyzed C(sp3)-H Lactonization Using Molecular Oxygen as Oxidant》 was written by Qian, Shaoqun; Li, Zi-Qi; Li, Minyan; Wisniewski, Steven R.; Qiao, Jennifer X.; Richter, Jeremy M.; Ewing, William R.; Eastgate, Martin D.; Chen, Jason S.; Yu, Jin-Quan. Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2 And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H lactonization of o-Me benzoic acid substrates has been achieved using mol. oxygen as the oxidant. This finding provides a rare example of C-H oxygenation through Pd(II)/Pd(0) catalysis as well as a method to construct biol. important benzolactone scaffolds. The use of a gas mixture of 5% oxygen in nitrogen demonstrated the possibility for its application in pharmaceutical manufacturing In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2)

3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Synthetic Route of C8H7BrO2 Due to the reactivity of bromide, they are used as potential precursors or important intermediates in organic synthesis.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Behavior, mechanism and equilibrium studies of Au(III) extraction with an ionic liquid [C4-6-C4BIm]Br2》 was written by Su, Hongmei; Wang, Qi; Wang, Ning; Yang, Yanzhao. Application In Synthesis of 1,6-Dibromohexane And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2020. The article conveys some information:

The first gemini-type benzimidazole ionic liquid ([C4-6-C4BIm]Br2) with two sites of action was synthesized and applied for gold extraction The effects of [C4-6-C4BIm]Br2 concentration, initial gold(III) concentration, acidity, and the loading capacity of [C4-6-C4BIm]Br2 were examined in detail. It was found that [C4-6-C4BIm]Br2 has excellent extraction ability for obtaining high purity gold. The anion exchange mechanism between [C4-6-C4BIm]Br2 and Au(III) was proved by Job’s method and 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Quantum chem. calculations were carried out to prove the mechanism theor. The extraction equilibrium process was modeled using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Thermodn. parameters ΔH, ΔG and ΔS indicated that the extraction process was exothermic and spontaneous. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model well fitted the exptl. data (R = 0.99). In addition, [C4-6-C4BIm]Br2 has high selectivity for Au(III) compared to other base metals. In summary, [C4-6-C4BIm]Br2 has great application prospects in industry due to its excellent characteristics such as low cost, easy availability, and high extraction capacity. After reading the article, we found that the author used 1,6-Dibromohexane(cas: 629-03-8Application In Synthesis of 1,6-Dibromohexane)

1,6-Dibromohexane(cas: 629-03-8) is generally used to introduce C6 spacer in the molecular architecture. Some of the examples are: synthesis of pyrrolo-tetrathiafulvalene molecular bridge (6PTTF6) to study redox switching behavior of single molecules; synthesis of water-soluble thermoresponsive polylactides.Application In Synthesis of 1,6-Dibromohexane

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Cationic ether-free poly(bis-alkylimidazolium) ionene blend polybenzimidazole as anion exchange membranes》 was written by Dong, Jianhao; Yu, Na; Che, Xuefu; Liu, Ruihong; Aili, David; Yang, Jingshuai. SDS of cas: 623-24-5 And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Two ether-free poly(bis-alkylimidazolium) ionenes with imidazolium cations as part of the main chain were synthesized from 1,4-bis(imidazolyl)butane and 1,4-dibromobutane or 1,4-bis(bromomethyl)benzene via nucleophilic substitution polymerization Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were prepared by co-casting with polybenzimidazole (PBI), producing visually homogeneous and mech. robust blend AEMs. The ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake and ion conductivity could be balanced by adjusting the molar ratio of the poly(bis-alkylimidazolium) to PBI polymer in the blend. For example, the blend AEM of PBuIm-37%/PBI prepared from the oligomer derived from 1,4-dibromobutane with an IEC of 1.36 mmol g-1 showed a tensile strength of 5.3 MPa at room temperature and a hydroxide conductivity of 74 mS cm-1 at 80 °C and excellent stability over 500 h in 1 mol L-1 KOH at 60 °C. The present work opens up a new route towards ether-free AEM design and fabrication with a wide potential structural scope. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 1,4-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene(cas: 623-24-5SDS of cas: 623-24-5)

1,4-Bis(bromomethyl)benzene(cas: 623-24-5) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Alkyl bromides are mainly used as alkylating agents and also find application as a solvent to extract oil from seeds and wool. SDS of cas: 623-24-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Cruz, Daniel A.; Sinka, Victoria; de Armas, Pedro; Steingruber, Hugo Sebastian; Fernandez, Israel; Martin, Victor S.; Miranda, Pedro O.; Padron, Juan I. published their research in Organic Letters in 2021. The article was titled 《Iron(II) and Copper(I) Control the Total Regioselectivity in the Hydrobromination of Alkenes》.Related Products of 539-74-2 The article contains the following contents:

A new method that allowed the complete control of the regioselectivity of the hydrobromination reaction of alkenes was described. Herein, a radical procedure with TMSBr and oxygen as common reagents, where the formation of the anti-Markovnikov product occurs in the presence of ppm amounts of the Cu(I) species and the formation of the Markovnikov product occurred in the presence of 30 mol % iron(II) bromide was reported. D. functional theory calculations combined with Fukui’s radical susceptibilities support the obtained results. In the experiment, the researchers used Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 539-74-2Related Products of 539-74-2)

Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 539-74-2) belongs to organobromine compounds.The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. Dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, Wittig reaction, and several nucleophilic substitution reactions are some of the principal reactions which involve organic bromides.Related Products of 539-74-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Iwamoto, Hiroaki; Tsuruta, Takuya; Ogoshi, Sensuke published their research in ACS Catalysis in 2021. The article was titled 《Development and Mechanistic Studies of (E)-Selective Isomerization/Tandem Hydroarylation Reactions of Alkenes with a Nickel(0)/Phosphine Catalyst》.Recommanded Product: Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide The article contains the following contents:

A stereoselective alkene isomerization and sequential hydroarylation with arylboronic acid using a nickel(0) catalyst was developed. The bulky monophosphine PAd2(n-Bu) was an effective ligand in these reactions to furnish both various stereo-defined internal alkenes and hydroarylation products (isomerization: up to 98%, E/Z = 98:2; tandem hydroarylation: up to 82%). Mechanistic studies based on experiments and computational calculations suggested that the isomerization proceeds via an intra- or intermol. hydrogen shift. Furthermore, a concerted multibond recombination with boronic acid-assisted oxidative protometallation of the alkene were found to be a reasonable mechanism for the formation of the alkylnickel(II) species from the alkene, nickel(0), alc., and boronic acid in the hydroarylation. After reading the article, we found that the author used Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1530-32-1Recommanded Product: Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide)

Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1530-32-1) is a phase transfer catalyst, used to accelerate the cure of phenolic-based epoxy resins, certain fluoroelastomer resins and thermosetting powder coatings. It is also used as catalysts in the synthesis of certain organic compounds and as a pharmaceutical intermediate.Recommanded Product: Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Sarkar, Koushik; Das, Kuhali; Kundu, Abhishek; Adhikari, Debashis; Maji, Biplab published their research in ACS Catalysis in 2021. The article was titled 《Phosphine-Free Manganese Catalyst Enables Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitriles to Primary and Secondary Amines Using Ammonia-Borane》.Formula: C5BrMnO5 The article contains the following contents:

The synthesis of primary amines RCH2NH2HCl [R = Ph, 2-phenylethyl, (1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-yl)methyl, etc.], 2,2′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(ethan-1-aminium) chloride, hexane-1,6-diaminium chloride sym. and unsym. secondary amines RCH2NHCH2R and RCH2NHR1 (R1 = pyridin-2-ylmethyl, cyclohexyl, n-Bu, etc.) by hydrogenation of nitriles RCN, 1,4-benzenediacetonitrile and hexanedinitrile, employing a borrowing hydrogenation strategy was reported. A class of phosphine-free manganese (I) complexes I [R2 = thiophen-2-yl, [2-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]methyl, (2-methoxyphenyl)methyl, furan-2-yl] bearing sulfur side arms catalyzed the reaction under mild reaction conditions, where ammonia-borane is used as the source of hydrogen. The synthetic protocol is chemodivergent, as the final product is either primary or secondary amine, which can be controlled by changing the catalyst structure and the polarity of the reaction medium. The significant advantage of this method is that the protocol operates without externally added base or other additives as well as obviates the use of high-pressure dihydrogen gas required for other nitrile hydrogenation reactions. Utilizing this method, a wide variety of primary and sym. and asym. secondary amines were synthesized in high yields. A mechanistic study involving kinetic experiments and high-level DFT computations revealed that both outer-sphere dehydrogenation and inner-sphere hydrogenation were predominantly operative in the catalytic cycle. The experimental process involved the reaction of Bromopentacarbonylmanganese(I)(cas: 14516-54-2Formula: C5BrMnO5)

Bromopentacarbonylmanganese(I)(cas: 14516-54-2) has many other uses. It is used in the formation of (eta6-arene)tricarbonylmanganese(I) by reacting with arene (arene= hexamethyl benzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl benzene, mesitylene, p-xylene and toluene) in the presence silver salt.Formula: C5BrMnO5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary