Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Organobromine compounds, also called organobromides, are organic compounds that contain carbon bonded to bromine. 5445-17-0, formula is C4H7BrO2, The most pervasive is the naturally produced bromomethane. HPLC of Formula: 5445-17-0

Wang, Yi;Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof research published 《 Catalytic Halogen Exchange in Miniemulsion ARGET ATRP: A Pathway to Well-Controlled Block Copolymers》, the research content is summarized as follows. Halogen exchange in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is an efficient way to chain-extend from a less active macroinitiator (MI) to a more active monomer. This has been previously achieved by using CuCl/L in the equimolar amount to P_n-Br MI in the chain extension step. However, this approach cannot be effectively applied in systems based on regeneration of activators (ARGET ATRP), since they operate with ppm amounts of catalysts. Herein, a catalytic halogen exchange procedure is reported using a catalytic amount of Cu in miniemulsion ARGET ATRP to chain-extend from a less active poly(Bu acrylate) (PBA) MI to a more active Me methacrylate (MMA) monomer. Influence of different reagents on the initiation efficiency and dispersity is studied. Addition of 0.1 M NaCl or tetraethylammonium chloride to ATRP of MMA initiated by Me 2-bromopropionate leads to high initiation efficiency and polymers with low dispersity. The optimized conditions are then employed in chain extension of PBA MI with MMA to prepare diblock and triblock copolymers.

5445-17-0, Methyl 2-bromopropionate, also known as Methyl 2-bromopropionate, is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4H7BrO2 and its molecular weight is 167 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
Methyl 2-bromopropionate is used in the synthesis of poly(ADP-Ribose)polymerase inhibitors derived from benzoxazin-3-one. Also used in the synthesis of 5-HT2C antagonists affecting serotonin levels.
Methyl 2-bromopropanoate is a chemical compound that can be synthesized in an asymmetric manner. The reaction of methyl 2-bromopropanoate with hydrochloric acid gives the corresponding carboxylic acid, methyl propanoate, and hydrogen bromide in a 1:1 ratio. It has been shown that methyl 2-bromopropanoate is a potential catalyst for the reduction of chloride to chloride ion via the borohydride reduction method. Methyl 2-bromopropanoate has also been used as a model system for studying halides and copper complexes. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies have revealed that this chemical compound has a high redox potential and kinetic properties., HPLC of Formula: 5445-17-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Vinyl bromides undergo the Heck reaction, which involves C-C coupling with alkene to give substituted alkenes. 5392-10-9, formula is C9H9BrO3, Name is 2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde. Methyl bromide is a precursor in the manufacture of several chemicals and is employed as a soil sterilant, mainly for seed production. Category: bromides-buliding-blocks.

Wang, Ying;Xu, Ning;Li, Weiwei;Li, Jiaojiao;Huo, Yijun;Zhu, Wenrong;Liu, Qiang research published 《 Synthesis of 1,3-diselenyl-dihydroisobenzofurans via electrochemical radical selenylation with substituted o-divinylbenzenes and diselenides》, the research content is summarized as follows. An efficient electrochem. method for the direct synthesis of complicated 1,3-diselenyl-dihydroisobenzofurans was developed under external oxidant free conditions at room temperature from substituted o-divinylbenzenes and diselenides. A radical mechanism was proposed for this novel and practical transformation.

Category: bromides-buliding-blocks, 2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C9H9BrO3 and its molecular weight is 245.07 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde is a synthetic compound that has been shown to be an effective agent for inducing apoptosis in leukemia cells. It is an efficient method for synthesizing the compound and ha2-Bromo-4,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde induces cell death by topoisomerase-mediated DNA cleavage, which results in chromosomal fragmentation and high levels of reactive oxygen species in the cell., 5392-10-9.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Vinyl bromides undergo the Heck reaction, which involves C-C coupling with alkene to give substituted alkenes. 4897-84-1, formula is C5H9BrO2, Name is Methyl 4-bromobutanoate. Methyl bromide is a precursor in the manufacture of several chemicals and is employed as a soil sterilant, mainly for seed production. Safety of Methyl 4-bromobutanoate.

Wang, Yingge;Sun, Moran;Wang, Yuyang;Qin, Jinling;Zhang, Yixin;Pang, Yingyue;Yao, Yongfang;Yang, Hua;Duan, Yongtao research published 《 Discovery of novel tubulin/HDAC dual-targeting inhibitors with strong antitumor and antiangiogenic potency》, the research content is summarized as follows. A novel series of cis-diphenylethene and benzophenone derivatives as tubulin/HDAC dual-targeting inhibitors were designed and synthesized. Among them, compound I exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activities against six different human cancer cell lines. I not only inhibited tubulin polymerization, disrupted cellular microtubule networks but also selectively inhibited class IIa HDACs, especially HDAC7 activity. Further, mol. docking demonstrated that I could occupy the binding pockets of tubulin and HDAC7. Cellular mechanism studies revealed that I could induce G2/M phase arrest by down-regulated expression of p-cdc2 and cell apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and apoptosis-related proteins (PARP, Caspase families) in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, I significantly inhibited HUVEC tube formation, proliferation, migration, and invasion. The inhibitory effect against angiogenesis in vivo was confirmed by zebrafish xenograft. Furthermore, I could effectively suppress the proliferation and metastasis of MGC-803 cells in vitro and in a zebrafish xenograft. All the above results indicate that I can act as a promising antitumor and antiangiogenic agent via targeting tubulin and class IIa HDACs.

Safety of Methyl 4-bromobutanoate, Methyl 4-bromobutyrate,also as known as 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester, is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C5H9BrO2 and its molecular weight is 181.03 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester is a synthetic compound that can be used to inhibit the activity of the G1 phase cyclin-dependent kinases. It has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by alkylating the amino groups of proteins and fatty acids. 4-Bromobutyric acid methyl ester also inhibits the growth of cancer cell lines, such as renal carcinoma cells. The mechanism of action for this drug is not well understood, but it may be due to its ability to bind with monoclonal antibodies and enter kidney cells by passive diffusion., 4897-84-1.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Vinyl bromides undergo the Heck reaction, which involves C-C coupling with alkene to give substituted alkenes. 402-49-3, formula is C8H6BrF3, Name is 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene. Methyl bromide is a precursor in the manufacture of several chemicals and is employed as a soil sterilant, mainly for seed production. Safety of 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene.

Wang, Yingjie;Yu, Biao research published 《 Total Syntheses of Aturanosides A and B》, the research content is summarized as follows. Total syntheses of aturanosides A and B, two antiangiogenic anthraquinone glycosides, have been achieved in an expeditious manner, highlighting anthraquinone synthesis, phenol glycosylation, α-D-glucosaminoside installation, and judicious use of protecting groups.

402-49-3, 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C8H6BrF3 and its molecular weight is 239.03 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide is a choline derivative that acts as an anticancer agent. It is structurally similar to the anticancer drug doxorubicin, which has been shown to be effective against breast cancer and leukemia. 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide interacts with cellular proteins, including choline kinase, and inhibits the mitochondrial pathway. This leads to cell death through apoptosis. The molecule also interacts with nucleotide bases such as thymine and cytosine in DNA, inhibiting transcription and replication. 4-Trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide binds strongly to the hydroxyl group of cholesterol by an electrophilic substitution mechanism to form a covalent bond with its hydroxy group. The molecule can also bind to chloride ions by an ionic bond., Safety of 1-(Bromomethyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, Wittig reaction, and several nucleophilic substitution reactions are some of the principal reactions which involve organic bromides. 6911-87-1, formula is C7H8BrN, Name is 4-Bromo-N-methylaniline. Organic compounds having carbon bonded to bromine are called organic bromides. Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-N-methylaniline.

Wang, Guan-Jun;Zhang, Shu-Yu;Sun, Zhen-Liang;Li, Peng;Ding, Tong-Mei research published 《 Highly Site- and Enantioselective N-H Functionalization of N-Monosubstituted Aniline Derivatives Affording Pyrazolones Bearing a Quaternary Stereocenter》, the research content is summarized as follows. Chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed the regio- and enantioselective N-H functionalization of N-alkylaniline with pyrazolones derived ketimines as electrophiles, providing a variety of chiral pyrazolones containing a tetrasubstituted stereocenter bearing a new N,N’-acetal motif in excellent yields and high enantioselectivities was reported. This strategy was featured by low catalyst loading, mild conditions, and high efficiency and selectivity.

Recommanded Product: 4-Bromo-N-methylaniline, 4-Bromo-N-methylaniline is a aniline based compound known to exhibit mutagenic properties.
4-Bromo-N-methylaniline is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C7H8BrN and its molecular weight is 186.05 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Bromophenylmethylamine is an organic compound that has anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a pharmaceutical. It belongs to the group of amines. The hydrolysis of 4-bromophenylmethylamine by hydrochloric acid produces phenol and bromamine (NHBr). The reaction system can be used to synthesize a number of compounds, including anilines, benzofurans, and other aromatic compounds. 4-Bromophenylmethylamine reacts with muscle tissue in a similar manner as acetaminophen does. This drug also has been shown to have significant effects on the energy metabolism in the muscles of rats that are given carbon source., 6911-87-1.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Organic bromides such as alkyl bromides are used as fumigants in agriculture to control insects. 70-23-5, formula is C5H7BrO3, Name is Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate. Ethylene bromide is one of the commercially important organic bromides which are the component of leaded gasoline. Name: Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate.

Wang, Haibin;Xu, Xin;Yin, Jichen;Zhang, Zhifeng;Xue, Lei research published 《 A Highly Selective “Turn-On” Fluorescent Sensor for Aluminum Ion Detection in Aqueous Solution Based on Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole Schiff Base》, the research content is summarized as follows. Low sensitivity of fluorescent sensors with “turn-off” response for identifying Al³⁺ has limited their wide application in the field of ion sensing. Herein, this paper reports a novel fluorescence sensor (L) endowing with “turn-on” fluorescence response based on imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole for recognizing Al3+ in aqueous solutions Results show that the L exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity with “turn-on” fluorescence response towards Al³⁺, but also has strong anti-interference to other common ions. In addition, the excellent color change can be distinguished by naked eyes under UV light and the test papers show great potential for detecting Al³⁺ in tap water. The supposed sensing mechanism of L to Al³⁺ could be attributed to the inhibition of photo-induced electron transfer (PET) and chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF). Such a novel design pathway is expected to offer helpful guidance for fabricating various sensors with “turn-on”; fluorescence response.

70-23-5, Ethyl bromopyruvate molecular formula is C5H7BrO3 and its molecular weight is 195.01 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is used in a synthesis of thioxothiazolidines from carbon disulfide and primary amines.

Ethyl bromopyruvate is a chemical inhibitor that inhibits the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, which is responsible for the conversion of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA. This inhibition leads to a decrease in ATP levels and can cause metabolic disorders. Ethyl bromopyruvate is used as an anthelmintic drug and in asymmetric synthesis. It is also used in the synthesis of thiostrepton, an antibiotic that has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae., Name: Ethyl 3-bromo-2-oxopropanoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, Wittig reaction, and several nucleophilic substitution reactions are some of the principal reactions which involve organic bromides. 2576-47-8, formula is C2H7Br2N, Name is 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide. Organic compounds having carbon bonded to bromine are called organic bromides. Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide.

Wang, Hao;Gao, Yihang research published 《 High Inhibition of Bentonite Hydration by Use of a Homopolymer Containing Synergistic Bi-Functional Groups》, the research content is summarized as follows. Most current inhibitors control bentonite hydration at the partial phase by the single adsorption mode. To improve inhibition and action range, we synthesized a novel homopolymer inhibitor (PIM-NH2) containing bi-functional groups. Comprehensive experiments investigated the inhibition of PIM-NH2 and other inhibitors. In immersion and linear expansion experiments, the hydration swelling of bentonite cake was incredibly restrained in 0.75% PIM-NH2 solution The greater contact angle between 0.75% PIM-NH2 solution and bentonite cake indicated the retardation of water invasion. According to XRD anal., the intercalation of 0.75% PIM-NH2 reduced the bentonite lattice spacing from 1.91 nm to 1.27 nm with water discharge. All results suggested PIM-NH2 had an outstanding performance at the lower concentration, and its inhibition covered the whole hydration process. Mechanism investigation revealed two synergistic adsorptions (hydrogen bond and electrostatic attraction) of bi-functional groups exerted simultaneously to improve each other. In FT-IR spectra, the hydrogen bond was confirmed by the special frequency movement from 1550 cm-1 to 1641 cm-1. The electrostatic attraction decreased the ζ potential absolute value from 29.55-33.20 mV to around 4 mV. In ESEM anal., the bentonite treated by 0.75% PIM-NH2 showed larger aggregates and rough surfaces, demonstrating dehydration properties.

Recommanded Product: 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide, 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide is a useful building block for proteomics research.
2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide is used in the synthesis of analogs of 5,​10,​15,​20-​tetrakis(1-​methylpyridinium-​4-​yl)​porphyrin (TMPyP4) as inhibitors of human telomerase. It is also used to prepare SB-705498, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable TRPV1 antagonist. It is used to construct C2-symmetric imidazolidinylidene ligands with a dioxolane backbone.
2-Bromoethylamine Hydrobromide is used in the synthesis of analogs of 5,​10,​15,​20-​tetrakis(1-​methylpyridinium-​4-​yl)​porphyrin (TMPyP4) as inhibitors of human telomerase. It is also used to prepare SB-705498, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable TRPV1 antagonist.
2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used to treat inflammation and pain. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed in vivo to its active form, 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide. The bound form of this drug has been shown to inhibit the development of cell nuclei in the nucleus of cells. This drug also inhibits the production of nitric oxide, which leads to cell death by necrosis. 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the activity of glycol ethers, which are used as solvents for resins in coatings and adhesives., 2576-47-8.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Organobromine compounds, also called organobromides, are organic compounds that contain carbon bonded to bromine. 2576-47-8, formula is C2H7Br2N, The most pervasive is the naturally produced bromomethane. Synthetic Route of 2576-47-8

Wang, Hao;Gao, Yihang;Jia, Xuhong;Liu, Quanyi research published 《 Properties and mechanism of a poly(ionic liquid) inhibitor contained bi-functional groups for bentonite hydration》, the research content is summarized as follows. Present polymer inhibitors depend on a major inhibitory group to restrain bentonite hydration, and monomer design is concerned to improve the inhibition and stability through complex copolymerization Conveniently, a homopolymer (PIL-NH₂) that contained primary amine and cationic imidazolium as bi-functional groups was proposed, aiming to provide two synergistic inhibitory modes. Comprehensive methods were conducted to characterize the chem. structure and inhibitory performance of PIL-NH₂. The ζ potential absolute value of bentonite suspension was decreased by PIL-NH₂ from 28.7-33.3 mV to 4-7 mV, and the increment of bentonite particle size d₅₀ was observable from 1.83892μm to over 200μm. With water squeezed out, the lattice spacing d₀₀₁ of hydrated bentonite was reduced from 1.9070 to 1.2683 nm due to PIL-NH₂ intercalation. The ESEM images revealed that inhibited bentonite showed a tight structure with classical dehydration phenomenon, and the hydrogen bond between PIL-NH₂ and bentonite was further confirmed according to the FT-IR result. In mechanism anal., the electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bond existed simultaneously for PIL-NH₂ to adsorb bentonite. The two adsorption modes from bi-functional groups were synergistic to improve inhibition remarkably. PIL-NH₂ maintained high performance during the whole hydration process, including crystalline hydration, osmotic hydration, and hydrated dispersion.

2576-47-8, 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide is a useful building block for proteomics research.
2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide is used in the synthesis of analogs of 5,​10,​15,​20-​tetrakis(1-​methylpyridinium-​4-​yl)​porphyrin (TMPyP4) as inhibitors of human telomerase. It is also used to prepare SB-705498, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable TRPV1 antagonist. It is used to construct C2-symmetric imidazolidinylidene ligands with a dioxolane backbone.
2-Bromoethylamine Hydrobromide is used in the synthesis of analogs of 5,​10,​15,​20-​tetrakis(1-​methylpyridinium-​4-​yl)​porphyrin (TMPyP4) as inhibitors of human telomerase. It is also used to prepare SB-705498, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable TRPV1 antagonist.
2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used to treat inflammation and pain. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed in vivo to its active form, 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide. The bound form of this drug has been shown to inhibit the development of cell nuclei in the nucleus of cells. This drug also inhibits the production of nitric oxide, which leads to cell death by necrosis. 2-Bromoethylamine hydrobromide has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the activity of glycol ethers, which are used as solvents for resins in coatings and adhesives., Synthetic Route of 2576-47-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. 4224-70-8, formula is C6H11BrO2, Name is 6-Bromohexanoic acid. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact., Name: 6-Bromohexanoic acid.

Wang, Hao;Jung, Hoimin;Song, Fangfang;Zhu, Shiyang;Bai, Ziqian;Chen, Danye;He, Gang;Chang, Sukbok;Chen, Gong research published 《 Nitrene-mediated intermolecular N-N coupling for efficient synthesis of hydrazides》, the research content is summarized as follows. N-N linkages are found in many natural compounds and endow fascinating structural and functional properties. In comparison to the myriad methods for the construction of C-N bonds, chem. for N-N coupling, especially in an intermol. fashion, remains underdeveloped. Here, we report a nitrene-mediated intermol. N-N coupling of dioxazolones and arylamines under iridium or iron catalysis. These reactions offer a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of various hydrazides from readily available carboxylic acid and amine precursors. Although the Ir-catalyzed conditions usually give higher N-N coupling yield than the Fe-catalyzed conditions, the reactions of sterically more demanding dioxazolones derived from α-substituted carboxylic acids work much better under the Fe-catalyzed conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that the nitrogen atom of Ir acyl nitrene intermediates has strong electrophilicity and can undergo nucleophilic attack with arylamines with the assistance of Cl···HN hydrogen bonding to form the N-N bond with high efficiency and chemoselectivity.

Name: 6-Bromohexanoic acid, 6-bromohexanoic acid is an organobromine compound comprising hexanoic acid having a bromo substituent at the 6-position. It derives from a hexanoic acid.
6-Bromohexanoic acid is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C6H11BrO2 and its molecular weight is 195.05 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
6-Bromohexanoic acid is useful for the preparation of anti-CTLA4 compounds as antitumor agents.
6-Bromohexanoic acid is a fatty acid that has been shown to be an effective agent for the treatment of cancer. It is used in gene therapy to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by binding to and then activating transcription factors. 6-Bromohexanoic acid can also be used as a chemotherapeutic agent and has been shown to cause apoptosis in monoclonal antibody-treated cells. 6-Bromohexanoic acid has pharmacokinetic properties that are similar to those of other fatty acids. The reaction solution was found to have high chemical stability, which may be due to the presence of nitrogen atoms. This reaction solution was found to adsorb onto the surface of monoclonal antibodies and cell culture, altering their properties., 4224-70-8.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Vinyl bromides undergo the Heck reaction, which involves C-C coupling with alkene to give substituted alkenes. 6911-87-1, formula is C7H8BrN, Name is 4-Bromo-N-methylaniline. Methyl bromide is a precursor in the manufacture of several chemicals and is employed as a soil sterilant, mainly for seed production. Related Products of 6911-87-1.

Wang, Hui;Lu, Wangmingzhu;Sun, Zhonghua;Wang, Anwei;Zhou, Weiyou;He, Mingyang;Chen, Qun research published 《 α-Cyanation of Aromatic Tertiary Amines using Malononitrile as a Low-Toxic Cyanide Source under the Catalysis of NiGa Layered Double Oxide》, the research content is summarized as follows. NiGa layered double oxide (Ni₃Ga-LDO) has been found to be an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the α-cyanation of aromatic tertiary amines using malononitrile as a low-toxic cyanide source to obtain α-aminonitriles RNMeCH₂CN [R = Ph, 2-MeC₆H₄, 3-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄; R¹ = Me, Et] and aryltetrahydroisoquinolinecarbonitriles I [R² = Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, etc.]. Various aniline and aryltetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives were found to be tolerated by the catalytic system, and good to excellent yields for the corresponding products could be obtained. The results indicated that CN^– might be produced via a oxidation-decomposition path, and the reaction probably proceeded via a cross-dehydrogenative coupling process. In addition, good stability and recyclability were observed for Ni₃Ga-LDO catalyst in the reaction.

Related Products of 6911-87-1, 4-Bromo-N-methylaniline is a aniline based compound known to exhibit mutagenic properties.
4-Bromo-N-methylaniline is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C7H8BrN and its molecular weight is 186.05 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
4-Bromophenylmethylamine is an organic compound that has anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a pharmaceutical. It belongs to the group of amines. The hydrolysis of 4-bromophenylmethylamine by hydrochloric acid produces phenol and bromamine (NHBr). The reaction system can be used to synthesize a number of compounds, including anilines, benzofurans, and other aromatic compounds. 4-Bromophenylmethylamine reacts with muscle tissue in a similar manner as acetaminophen does. This drug also has been shown to have significant effects on the energy metabolism in the muscles of rats that are given carbon source., 6911-87-1.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary