Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Baalbaki, Hassan A.; Roshandel, Hootan; Hein, Jason E.; Mehrkhodavandi, Parisa published their research in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2021. The article was titled 《Conversion of dilute CO2 to cyclic carbonates at sub-atmospheric pressures by a simple indium catalyst》.Related Products of 13465-09-3 The article contains the following contents:

The transformation of CO2 to value added commodity chems. presents an impactful strategy to obtain products that are less dependent on fossil fuels. In this study, indium tribromide (InBr3) mixed with tetrabutylammonium bromide (NBu4Br) co-catalyst has been identified as a simple, highly efficient catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2 at sub-atm. pressures, room temperature, and under solvent-free conditions. The InBr3/NBu4Br catalytic system is tolerant toward different functional groups with high conversions and >99% selectivity for cyclic carbonate without resorting to high pressures and temperatures Moreover, a combination of in situ IR, NMR spectroscopy, and substrate labeling experiments enabled the proof of key catalytic steps and detection of reaction intermediates to elucidate the reaction mechanism. This technol. represents a potential scalable system for the utilization of waste CO2. After reading the article, we found that the author used Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3Related Products of 13465-09-3)

Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3) is used in organic synthesis as a water tolerant Lewis acid. It efficiently catalyzes the three-component coupling of β-keto esters, aldehydes and urea (or thiourea) to afford the corresponding dihydropyrimidinones.Related Products of 13465-09-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Luo, Guoshun; Lin, Xin; Ren, Shengnan; Wu, Shuangjie; Wang, Xin; Ma, Luyu; Xiang, Hua published their research in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021. The article was titled 《Development of novel tetrahydroisoquinoline-hydroxamate conjugates as potent dual SERDs/HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of breast cancer》.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks The article contains the following contents:

Concomitant inhibition of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) signaling has been proven effective in endocrine-resistant ER+ breast cancers. Herein, a series of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ)-hydroxamate conjugates were rationally designed and synthesized as dual SERDs/HDAC inhibitors by incorporating the hydroxamate, a known HDAC pharmacophore, into a privileged THIQ scaffold of selective ERα degraders (SERDs). Some of these THIQ-hydroxamate conjugates displayed remarkable HDAC6 inhibition and improved antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells. Particularly, the most potent HDAC inhibitor 19k also exhibits potent ERα binding affinity, good ERα degradation efficacy and the best antiproliferative activity. Besides, 19k displayed superior antitumor efficacy than the drug combination (Fulvestrant + SAHA) through promoting ERα degradation and histone acetylation in an MCF-7 xenograft model, without causing observable toxicity. Collectively, this study validates the therapeutic potential of a dual-acting compound with potent ERα degradation efficacy and HDAC6 inhibition in breast cancer. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 539-74-2Category: bromides-buliding-blocks)

Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 539-74-2) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, Wittig reaction, and several nucleophilic substitution reactions are some of the principal reactions which involve organic bromides. Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Sheng, Jie; Ni, Hui-Qi; Ni, Shan-Xiu; He, Yan; Cui, Ru; Liao, Guang-Xu; Bian, Kang-Jie; Wu, Bing-Bing; Wang, Xi-Sheng published their research in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2021. The article was titled 《Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Aliphatic Fluorides via Reductive C(sp3)-C(sp3) Cross-Coupling Fluoroalkylation》.Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromobutanoic acid The article contains the following contents:

A direct nickel-catalyzed monofluoromethylation of unactivated alkyl halides e.g., (3-bromopropyl)benzene using a low-cost industrial raw material, bromofluoromethane, by demonstrating a general and efficient reductive cross-coupling of two alkyl halides e.g., (3-bromopropyl)benzene and e.g., (2-bromo-2-fluoroethyl)benzene was described. Results with 1-bromo-1-fluoroalkane also demonstrate the viability of monofluoroalkylation, which further established the first example of reductive C(sp3)-C(sp3) cross-coupling fluoroalkylation. These transformations demonstrate high efficiency, mild conditions, and excellent functional-group compatibility, especially for a range of pharmaceuticals and biol. active compounds Mechanistic studies support a radical pathway. Kinetic studies reveal that the reaction is first-order dependent on catalyst and alkyl bromide whereas the generation of monofluoroalkyl radical is not involved in the rate-determining step. This strategy provides a general and efficient method for the synthesis of aliphatic fluorides e.g, (4-fluorobutyl)benzene. In addition to this study using 4-Bromobutanoic acid, there are many other studies that have used 4-Bromobutanoic acid(cas: 2623-87-2Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromobutanoic acid) was used in this study.

4-Bromobutanoic acid(cas: 2623-87-2) belongs to carboxylic acids. The chief chemical characteristic of the carboxylic acids is their acidity. They are generally more acidic than other organic compounds containing hydroxyl groups but are generally weaker than the familiar mineral acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, HCl, sulfuric acid, H2SO4, etc.).Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromobutanoic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Membrane-Anchoring Photosensitizer with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria》 was written by Chen, Huan; Li, Shengliang; Wu, Min; Kenry; Huang, Zhongming; Lee, Chun-Sing; Liu, Bin. Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Traditional photosensitizers (PSs) show reduced singlet oxygen (1O2) production and quenched fluorescence upon aggregation in aqueous media, which greatly affect their efficiency in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Meanwhile, non-targeting PSs generally yield low efficiency in antibacterial performance due to their short lifetimes and small effective working radii. Herein, a water-dispersible membrane anchor (TBD-anchor) PS with aggregation-induced emission is designed and synthesized to generate 1O2 on the bacterial membrane. TBD-anchor showed efficient antibacterial performance towards both Gram-neg. (Escherichia coli) and Gram-pos. bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). Over 99.8% killing efficiency was obtained for methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) when they were exposed to 0.8μm of TBD-anchor at a low white light dose (25 mW cm-2) for 10 min. TBD-anchor thus shows great promise as an effective antimicrobial agent to combat the menace of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In the experiment, the researchers used 1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene(cas: 2675-79-8Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene)

1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene(cas: 2675-79-8) is an important raw material and intermediate used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and dyestuff.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene1-Bromo-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzene can be used to synthesize analogs of HA14-1, which shows promising anticancer properties.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Metal-Templated, Tight Loop Conformation of a Cys-X-Cys Biomimetic Assembles a Dimanganese Complex》 was written by Le, Trung; Nguyen, Hao; Perez, Lisa M.; Darensbourg, Donald J.; Darensbourg, Marcetta Y.. Computed Properties of C5BrMnO5 And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020. The article conveys some information:

With the goal of generating anionic analogs to MN2S2·Mn(CO)3Br the authors introduced metallodithiolate ligands, MN2S22- prepared from the Cys-X-Cys biomimetic, ema4- ligand (ema = N,N’-ethylenebis(mercaptoacetamide); M = NiII, [VIV O]2+ and FeIII) to Mn(CO)5Br. An unexpected, remarkably stable dimanganese product, (H2N2(CH2C:O(μ-S))2)[Mn(CO)3]2 resulted from loss of M originally residing in the N2S24- pocket, replaced by protonation at the amido nitrogens, generating H2ema2-. Accordingly, the ema ligand has switched its coordination mode from an N2S24- cavity holding a single metal, to a binucleating H2ema2- with bridging sulfurs and carboxamide oxygens within Mn-μ-S-CH2-C-O, 5-membered rings. In situ metal-templating by zinc ions gives quant. yields of the Mn2 product. By computational studies the authors compared the conformations of “”linear”” ema4- to ema4- frozen in the “”tight-loop”” around single metals, and to the “”looser”” fold possible for H2ema2- that is the optimal arrangement for binucleation. XRD mol. structures show extensive H-bonding at the amido-nitrogen protons in the solid state. In addition to this study using Bromopentacarbonylmanganese(I), there are many other studies that have used Bromopentacarbonylmanganese(I)(cas: 14516-54-2Computed Properties of C5BrMnO5) was used in this study.

Bromopentacarbonylmanganese(I)(cas: 14516-54-2) has many other uses. It is used in the formation of (eta6-arene)tricarbonylmanganese(I) by reacting with arene (arene= hexamethyl benzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl benzene, mesitylene, p-xylene and toluene) in the presence silver salt.Computed Properties of C5BrMnO5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《A Green-Emission Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanoprobe for Imaging Dual Tumor Biomarkers in Living Cells》 was written by Kong, Xiang-Jing; Ji, Xiaoting; He, Tao; Xie, Lin-Hua; Zhang, Yong-Zheng; Lv, Haoyuan; Ding, Caifeng; Li, Jian-Rong. Safety of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2020. The article conveys some information:

The modular nature of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) permits their tunable structure and function for target application, such as in biomedicine. Herein, a green-emission Zr(IV)-MOF (BUT-88) was constructed from a customized luminescent carbazolyl ligand. BUT-88 represents the first bcu-type MOF with both organic linker and metal node in eight connections and shows medium-sized pores, rich accessible linking sites, and good water stability and biocompatibility. In virtue of these merits, BUT-88 was then fabricated into a MOF-based fluorescent nanoprobe, drDNA-BUT-88. Using it, the live-cell imaging of dual tumor biomarkers was achieved for the first time upon a MOF-based probe, offering enhanced detection precision in early cancer diagnosis. Particularly, the probe showed efficient ratiometric fluorescent sensing toward the cytoplasmic biomarker microRNA-21, further improving the detection accuracy at the cellular level. The elaborate combination of MOF engineering and the fluorescent detection technique has contributed a facile biosensing platform, unlocking more possibilities of MOF chem. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Safety of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used as a reagent in the synthesis of P7C3-A20 which is a potent neuroprotective agent.Safety of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Computed Properties of C4H6BrFO2On May 16, 2022 ,《Biocatalytic Asymmetric Construction of Secondary and Tertiary Fluorides from β-Fluoro-α-Ketoacids》 appeared in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The author of the article were Fang, Jason; Turner, Laura E.; Chang, Michelle C. Y.. The article conveys some information:

Fluorine is a critical element for the design of bioactive compounds, driving advances in selective and sustainable fluorination. However, stereogenic tertiary fluorides pose a synthetic challenge and are thus present in only a few approved drugs (fluticasone, solithromycin, and sofosbuvir). The aldol reaction of fluorinated donors provides an atom-economical approach to asym. C-F motifs via C-C bond formation. Authors report that the type II pyruvate aldolase HpcH and engineered variants perform addition of β-fluoro-α-ketoacids (including fluoropyruvate, β-fluoro-α-ketobutyrate, and β-fluoro-α-ketovalerate) to diverse aldehydes. The reactivity of HpcH towards these fluoro-donors grants access to enantiopure secondary or tertiary fluorides. In addition to representing the first synthesis of tertiary fluorides via biocatalytic carboligation, the afforded products could improve the diversity of fluorinated building blocks and enable the synthesis of fluorinated drug analogs. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Ethylbromofluoroacetate(cas: 401-55-8Computed Properties of C4H6BrFO2)

Ethylbromofluoroacetate(cas: 401-55-8) is a member of organofluorine compounds. Organofluorine compounds, which have carbon-fluorine bonds, show unique features such as high thermal and chemical stability, high surface activity, no light-absorbing ability, high pharmacological effect, and so on. Owing to their specific characters, they are indispensable chemicals for industry and our daily lives.Computed Properties of C4H6BrFO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Stannylation and Stille Coupling of Base-Sensitive Tetrahydroxanthones to Heteromeric Biaryls》 was published in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2015. These research results belong to Lindner, Stephanie; Nieger, Martin; Braese, Stefan. Safety of 3-Bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid The article mentions the following:

Herein, the synthesis of heteromeric tetrahydroxanthone biaryls is described, a widespread core structure of many natural products. The development of both stannylation and Stille coupling procedures of base-sensitive tetrahydroxanthones enabled their coupling with benzene derivatives as well as with xanthenes. These methods provide access to structures that are analogous to parnafungin as well as to dimeric compounds similar to secalonic acid or (5R,5’R,6R,6’R,10aR,10’aR)-rel-(-)-5,5′-bis(acetyloxy)-10a,10’a-bis[(acetyloxy)methyl]-5,5′,6,6′,7,7′,10a,10’a-octahydro-1,1′,8,8′-tetrahydroxy-6,6′-dimethyl-[2,4′-Bi-9H-xanthene]-9,9′-dione [i.e., phomoxanthone]. The synthesis of the target compounds was achieved using 7-bromo-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-one, 2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-7-iodo-1H-xanthen-1-one (1R,4aS)-rel-7-bromo-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-ol as starting materials. Key intermediates for the coupling reactions included (tributylstannyl)xanthene derivatives Dimers thsu formed included 2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,4a,4’a-octahydro-[7,7′-bi-1H-Xanthene]-1,1′-dione. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 3-Bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 116529-61-4Safety of 3-Bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid)

3-Bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid(cas: 116529-61-4) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Safety of 3-Bromo-2-nitrobenzoic acid Dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, Wittig reaction, and several nucleophilic substitution reactions are some of the principal reactions which involve organic bromides.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Novel Deazaflavin Analogues Potently Inhibited Tyrosyl DNA Phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) and Strongly Sensitized Cancer Cells toward Treatment with Topoisomerase II (TOP2) Poison Etoposide》 was written by Kankanala, Jayakanth; Ribeiro, Carlos J. A.; Kiselev, Evgeny; Ravji, Azhar; Williams, Jessica; Xie, Jiashu; Aihara, Hideki; Pommier, Yves; Wang, Zhengqiang. Safety of Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoateThis research focused onTyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 2 sensitize cancer cells etoposide deazaflavin. The article conveys some information:

Topoisomerase II (TOP2) poisons as anticancer drugs work by trapping TOP2 cleavage complexes (TOP2cc) to generate DNA damage. Repair of such damage by tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) could render cancer cells resistant to TOP2 poisons. Inhibiting TDP2, thus, represents an attractive mechanism-based chemosensitization approach. Currently known TDP2 inhibitors lack cellular potency and/or permeability. We report herein two novel subtypes of the deazaflavin TDP2 inhibitor core. By introducing an addnl. Ph ring to the N-10 Ph ring (subtype 11) or to the N-3 site of the deazaflavin scaffold (subtype 12), we have generated novel analogs with considerably improved biochem. potency and/or permeability. Importantly, many analogs of both subtypes, particularly compounds 11a, 11e, 12a, 12b, and 12h, exhibited much stronger cancer cell sensitizing effect than the best previous analog 4a toward the treatment with etoposide, suggesting that these analogs could serve as effective cellular probes. After reading the article, we found that the author used Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate(cas: 1129-28-8Safety of Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate)

Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate(cas: 1129-28-8) belongs to organobromine compounds.The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Safety of Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Biocidal polymers: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of bis-quaternary onium salts of poly(aspartate-co-succinimide)》 was written by El-Newehy, Mohamed H.; Meera, Moydeen A.; Aldalbahi, Ali K.; Thamer, Badr M.; Mahmoud, Yehia A.-G.; El-Hamshary, Hany. Quality Control of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromideThis research focused onwater soluble biocidal polymer antimicrobial activity thermal stability; antimicrobial activity; poly(aspartate-co-succinimide); quaternary salts; water-soluble polymers. The article conveys some information:

Microbial multidrug resistance presents a real problem to human health. Therefore, water-soluble polymers based on poly(aspartate-co-succinimide) were synthesized via reaction of poly(aspartate-co-succinimide) with bis-quaternary ammonium or quaternary salts. The resultant copolymers were characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, TGA, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and elemental microanal. Antimicrobial activities of the new onium salts were investigated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi, and the fungi; Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus flavus by agar diffusion method. Antimicrobial activity was studied in terms of inhibition zone diameters, in addition to the estimation of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the prepared compounds A. niger and E. coli were the most affected microorganisms among the tested microorganisms with an inhibition zone of 19-21 (mm) in case of biocides, (V) and (VII). The obtained results showed that the quaternary onium salts have higher activity compared to the aspartate copolymer with MIC concentrations of 25 mg/mL for (VII) and (V) and 50 mg/mL for (VI) and (IV). The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3Quality Control of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide)

Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3) is a lipophilic molecule with a cation allowing for it to be used to deliver molecules to specific cell components. Also considered an antineoplastic agent.Quality Control of Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary