Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

《Cooperativity within the catalyst: alkoxyamide as a catalyst for bromocyclization and bromination of (hetero)aromatics》 was published in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020. These research results belong to Mondal, Haripriyo; Sk, Raja Md; Maji, Modhu Sudan. Computed Properties of C14H8Br2 The article mentions the following:

N-Methoxy-1-butanesulfonamide was a recyclable catalyst for the activation of N-bromosuccinimide to perform bromocyclization and bromination reactions of unsaturated carboxylic acids, alkenes and indoles with pendant nucleophiles, and arenes in heptane, where adequate suppression of the background reactions was observed, to yield bromolactones, bromomethyl-substituted heterocycles, fused indolines such as pyrroloindolines, and aryl bromides. The key feature of the active site is the alkoxy group attached to the sulfonamide moiety, which facilitates the acceptance as well as the delivery of bromonium species from the bromine source to the substrates. In the experiment, the researchers used 9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3Computed Properties of C14H8Br2)

9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3) can be sublimated and oxidized to generate anthraquinone. Soluble in hot benzene and hot toluene, slightly soluble in alcohol, ether and cold benzene, insoluble in water.Computed Properties of C14H8Br2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2018,Cui, Yuxiao; Zhao, Wenjie; Ogasawara, Shin; Wang, Xiao-Feng; Tamiaki, Hitoshi published 《Fabrication and performance of all-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells using synthetic carboxylated and pyridylated chlorophyll derivatives》.Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, A: Chemistry published the findings.Name: Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

All-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on a mesoporous TiO2 electrode were fabricated using synthetic chlorophyll derivatives as a photosensitizer and 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene as a hole-transport material. Me pyropheophorbides-a possessing a carboxy group in the C3-substituent as the anchoring moiety to the TiO2 surface were effective DSSCs. Direct conjugation of the COOH group with the terminus of the C3-vinyl group gave the highest solar energy-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 2.25%. Insertion of a 1,3-phenylene group in the connection partially suppressed the efficiency by 25% (η = 1.68%), whereas insertion of an isomeric 1,4-phenylene moiety decreased to one third (0.75%). A pyridyl group was not useful as the sensitizer anchor due to its low binding affinity to the TiO2 electrode. In the experiment, the researchers used Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate(cas: 1129-28-8Name: Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate)

Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate(cas: 1129-28-8) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Name: Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate Dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, Wittig reaction, and several nucleophilic substitution reactions are some of the principal reactions which involve organic bromides.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Song, Ningning; Yao, Hongyan; Ma, Tengning; Wang, Tianjiao; Shi, Kaixiang; Tian, Ye; Zou, Yongcun; Zhu, Shiyang; Zhang, Yunhe; Guan, Shaowei published an article in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands). The title of the article was 《Fabrication of microporous polyimide networks with tunable pore size and high CO2 selectivity》.COA of Formula: C6H5BrO2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Developing porous organic polymer materials with plenty micropores is of great importance for highly selective CO2 capture under ambient conditions. Here, to tune the pore size, two novel microporous hyperbranched polyimide networks, in which the distance between the polymer skeleton and crosslinking points is different, are successfully prepared by a two-step pathway combining polymerization and crosslinking reaction. It is intriguingly found that both porosity and CO2 sorption performance of microporous hyperbranched polyimides can be finely tuned by reducing the distance between the polymer skeleton and crosslinking points from PEPHQDA-HBPI-CL to PEQDA-HBPI-CL. The micropore size decrease from 1.18 nm to 0.86 nm, and CO2 adsorption capacity increase from 6.38 to 6.51 wt% (298 K and 1 bar). More excitingly, the PEQDA-HBPI-CL demonstrates the high CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivity up to 109 and 15 (273 K, 1 bar) according to the Henry’s law, which are superior to those of many other microporous organic polymers and among the best results for porous inorganic/ organic materials. This work reveals that the shorter-distance between the polymer skeleton and crosslinking points is in favor of fabricating microporous hyperbranched polyimide networks with abundant smaller micropore and high CO2 selectivity, which are crucial importance for the CO2 capture and storage. In addition to this study using 2-Bromobenzene-1,4-diol, there are many other studies that have used 2-Bromobenzene-1,4-diol(cas: 583-69-7COA of Formula: C6H5BrO2) was used in this study.

2-Bromobenzene-1,4-diol(cas: 583-69-7) belongs to organobromine compounds.Organobromine chemicals are produced naturally by an array of biological and other chemical processes in our environment. Some of these compounds are identical to man-made organobromine compounds, such as methyl bromide, bromoform, and bromophenols, but many others are entirely new moleclar entities, often possessing extraordinary and important biological properties. COA of Formula: C6H5BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Electric Literature of C8H15BrO2In 2018 ,《Synthesis and biodistribution studies of 99mTc labeled fatty acid derivatives prepared via “”Click approach”” for potential use in cardiac imaging》 was published in Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals. The article was written by Das, Soumen; Mathur, Anupam; Sakhare, Navin; Mallia, Madhava B.; Sarma, Haladhar Dev; Sachdev, Satbir Singh; Dash, Ashutosh. The article contains the following contents:

123I-Iodophenylpentadecanoic acid (IPPA) is a metabolic agent used in nuclear medicine for diagnosis of myocardial defects. Efforts are underway worldwide to develop a 99mTc substitute of the above radiopharmaceutical for the aforementioned application. Herein, we report synthesis and biodistribution studies of 99mTc labeled fatty acids (8, 11, and 15 carbons) obtained via “”click chem.”” for its potential use in myocardial imaging. ω-Bromo fatty acids (8C/11C/15C) were synthetically modified at bromo terminal to introduce a heterocyclic triazole with glycine sidearm in a five step procedure. Modified fatty acids were subsequently radiolabeled with preformed [99mTc(CO)3]+ synthon to yield the desired fatty acid complexes which were evaluated in Swiss mice. All the radiolabeled complexes were obtained with radiochem. purities >80%, as characterized by HPLC. Biodistribution studies of all three complexes in Swiss mice showed myocardial uptake of ∼6-9% ID/g at 2 min post-injection, close to*I-IPPA (∼9% ID/g). Complexes exhibited significant retention in the myocardium up to 30 min (∼1% ID/g) but were lower to the standard agent (∼7% ID/g). Similar uptake of activity in myocardium for the newly synthesized complexes in comparison to 125I-IPPA along with favorable in vivo pharmacokinetics merits potential for the present “”click”” design of complexes for myocardial imaging. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6Electric Literature of C8H15BrO2)

8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6) acid is used in the synthesis of 8-(N-Methyl-4,4′-bipyridinyl)- octanoic acid. 8-Mercaptooctanoic acid was prepared from 8-bromooctanoic acid. And 8-Bromooctanoic Acid is a useful compound for sonodynamic therapy.Electric Literature of C8H15BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Quality Control of 8-Bromooctanoic acidIn 2020 ,《Bis-quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants for gene therapy: Effects of the spacer hydrophobicity on the DNA complexation and biological activity》 was published in Colloids and Surfaces, B: Biointerfaces. The article was written by Acosta-Martinez, Delvis R.; Rodriguez-Velazquez, Eustolia; Araiza-Verduzco, Fernanda; Taboada, Pablo; Prieto, Gerardo; Rivero, Ignacio A.; Pina-Luis, Georgina; Alatorre-Meda, Manuel. The article contains the following contents:

Gemini surfactants (GS) have been highlighted as attractive gene carriers for a few years now; however, key aspects of the role of the GS chem. structure on the DNA-GS complexation and subsequent biol. activity remain to be determined Aiming to elucidate the effects of the GS spacer hydrophobicity, this work was focused on the biophys. characterization of the self-assembly, DNA complexation, cytocompatibility, and DNA transfection of a series of bis-quaternary ammonium GS with fixed side alkyl chains of 14 carbons and varying head-to-head alkyl chain spacers of 4, 6, and 14 carbons (referred to as GS4, GS6, and GS14, resp.). The characterization was carried out by a battery of exptl. techniques including UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies, ζ potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and flow cytometry, among others. Overall, the spectroscopic results showed that the self-assembly of the GS was favored with the spacer hydrophobicity since lower values of critical micelle concentration (CMC) were observed for samples with longer spacer chains. On the other hand, the ITC results revealed that the DNA-GS complexation was driven by an initial electrostatic attraction between DNA and GS monomers/micelles followed by complementary hydrophobic interactions which strengthen the DNA-GS binding, the latter being more pronounced for GS with longer spacers. Finally, the biol. tests demonstrated that while GS with moderate hydrophobicity (GS4 and GS6) yielded outstanding levels of cytocompatibility and DNA transfection over a range of concentrations, the most hydrophobic sample (GS14) proved to be cytotoxic upon administration to cultured HeLa cells (p < 0.05). In our opinion, the fundamental information here presented might be pivotal not only for understanding the DNA-GS complexation mechanism, but also for developing efficient GS-based carriers for gene therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6Quality Control of 8-Bromooctanoic acid)

8-Bromooctanoic acid(cas: 17696-11-6) acid is used in the synthesis of 8-(N-Methyl-4,4′-bipyridinyl)- octanoic acid. 8-Mercaptooctanoic acid was prepared from 8-bromooctanoic acid. And 8-Bromooctanoic Acid is a useful compound for sonodynamic therapy.Quality Control of 8-Bromooctanoic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Recommanded Product: Methyl 3-bromopropanoateIn 2019 ,《Rational Design of a Multifunctional Molecular Dye with Single Dose and Laser for Efficiency NIR-II Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Imaging Guided Photothermal Therapy》 appeared in Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States). The author of the article were Zhang, Ruiping; Wang, Zhenjun; Xu, Liying; Xu, Yuling; Lin, Yi; Zhang, Ying; Sun, Yao; Yang, Guangfu. The article conveys some information:

Multifunctional probes integrating accurate multi-diagnosis and efficient therapy hold great prospect in biomedical research. However, the sophisticated construction and difficulties in matching the ratios of doses and laser triggers of probes for each modality imaging and therapy are still hindered the extensive practice of multifunctional probes in biomedicine. We herein rational designed an organic dye SY1080 with intrinsic multifunction by both introducing 3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene (EDOT) and the selenium containing acceptor unit into the backbone to balance the fluorescence brightness and emission wavelength. Under single dose and 808 nm laser irradiation conditions, SY1080 not only carried out NIR-II fluorescence/Photoacoustic imaging of real-time and noninvasive tumor delineation with excellent contrast, but also effectively ablated tumors with laser irradiation to perform PTT under the guidance of dual-modal imaging. These exciting results highlighted SY1080 as a multifunctional and universal phototheranostic platform for potential applications. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Methyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 3395-91-3Recommanded Product: Methyl 3-bromopropanoate)

Methyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 3395-91-3) belongs to bromides. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Recommanded Product: Methyl 3-bromopropanoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2022,Henriques, Dina Schwarz G.; Rojo-Wiechel, Elena; Klare, Sven; Mika, Regine; Hothker, Sebastian; Schacht, Jonathan H.; Schmickler, Niklas; Gansauer, Andreas published an article in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The title of the article was 《Titanocene(III)-Catalyzed Precision Deuteration of Epoxides》.Application In Synthesis of Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide The author mentioned the following in the article:

Authors describe a titanocene(III)-catalyzed deuterosilylation of epoxides that provides β-deuterated anti-Markovnikov alcs. with excellent D-incorporation, in high yield, and often excellent diastereoselectivity after desilylation. The key to the success of the reaction is a novel activation method of Cp2TiCl2 and (tBuC5H4)2TiCl2 with BnMgBr and PhSiD3 to provide [(RC5H4)2Ti(III)D] without isotope scrambling. It was developed after discovering an off-cycle scrambling with the previously described method. Precision deuteration can be applied to the synthesis of drug precursors and highlights the power of combining radical chem. with organometallic catalysis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1530-32-1Application In Synthesis of Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide)

Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1530-32-1) is a phase transfer catalyst, used to accelerate the cure of phenolic-based epoxy resins, certain fluoroelastomer resins and thermosetting powder coatings. It is also used as catalysts in the synthesis of certain organic compounds and as a pharmaceutical intermediate.Application In Synthesis of Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Mondal, Anirban; Visser, Paco; Doze, Anna M.; Buter, Jeffrey; Feringa, Ben L. published their research in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2021. The article was titled 《Pd-catalyzed sp-sp3 cross-coupling of benzyl bromides using lithium acetylides》.COA of Formula: C9H9BrO2 The article contains the following contents:

An efficient method for the cross-coupling of benzyl bromides (sp3) with lithium acetylides (sp) was developed to obtain benzylic alkynes I [R = H, 3-MeO, 4-Me, etc.; R1 = Si(CH3)3, Si(i-Pr)3, Ph, 9-phenanthryl]. The reaction proceeded within 10 min at room temperature and could be performed in the presence of organolithium-sensitive functional groups such as esters, nitriles, amides and boronic esters. The potential application of the methodol. was demonstrated in the preparation of key intermediates used in pharmaceuticals, chem. biol. and natural products. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate(cas: 1129-28-8COA of Formula: C9H9BrO2)

Methyl 3-(bromomethyl)benzoate(cas: 1129-28-8) belongs to organobromine compounds.Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms , and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial , antitumor , antiviral , and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. COA of Formula: C9H9BrO2 Moreover, several studies demonstrate that the average proportion of bromine in drugs is significantly higher than that in natural products.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Hu, Xiao-Qiang; Liu, Zi-Kui; Hou, Ye-Xing; Zhang, Guodong; Gao, Yang published their research in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2021. The article was titled 《Ru-catalyzed C(sp2)-H vinylation/annulation of benzoic acids and alkynes: rapid access to medium-sized lactones》.Formula: C8H7BrO2 The article contains the following contents:

An unprecedented ruthenium catalyzed [4+4] annulation of readily available benzoic acids and alkynes was reported. The carboxylate group acted as both a directing group and an internal nucleophilic reagent to facilitated a C(sp2)-H vinylation/annulation cascade. This reaction avoided the classically oxidative [4+2] annulation, allowed the efficient synthesis of a wide array of eight-membered lactones under oxidant-free conditions. Moreover, this catalytic system would be successfully extended to [4+3] and [4+5] annulations for the assembly of seven- and nine-membered lactones. After reading the article, we found that the author used 3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2Formula: C8H7BrO2)

3-Bromo-2-methylbenzoic acid(cas: 76006-33-2) belongs to organobromine compounds.Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms , and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial , antitumor , antiviral , and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. Formula: C8H7BrO2 In contrast, terrestrial plants account only for a few bromine-containing compounds.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research included an article by Joshi, Shrinivas D.; Kulkarni, V. H.; Kumar, S. R. Prem; Basha, Jeelan. COA of Formula: C7H5BrO2. The article was titled 《Synthesis, antitubercular and antibacterial activities of novel N’-(substituted)-(2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)benzamide derivatives》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A series of substituted N-(2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl)benzamides I (R = H, 4-Cl, 4-Br, 4-F, 4-NO2, 3-Cl) was synthesized by reacting different substituted aromatic acids RC6H4C(O)OH with 2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)aniline by using HBTU as a coupling agent, DIEA as a catalyst and DMF as a solvent. Further they were tested for their anti-tubercular and antibacterial activities and compounds showed moderate to good activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromobenzoic acid(cas: 586-76-5COA of Formula: C7H5BrO2)

4-Bromobenzoic acid(cas: 586-76-5) has been used to study the metabolic fate of 2-,3-and 4-bromo benzoic acids in rat hepatocytes incubation using high temperature liquid chromatography.COA of Formula: C7H5BrO2 It was used in bromine-specific detection of the metabolites of 2-,3-and 4-bromobenzoic acid in the urine and bile of rats by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary