Bromides-buliding-blocks

Discovery of selective nanomolar inhibitors for insulin-regulated aminopeptidase based on α-hydroxy-β-amino acid derivatives of Bestatin was written by Vourloumis, Dionisios;Mavridis, Ioannis;Athanasoulis, Alexandros;Temponeras, Ioannis;Koumantou, Despoina;Giastas, Petros;Mpakali, Anastasia;Magrioti, Victoria;Leib, Jacqueline;van Endert, Peter;Stratikos, Efstratios;Papakyriakou, Athanasios. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H4BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

The oxytocinase subfamily of M1 zinc aminopeptidases comprises emerging drug targets, including the ER-resident aminopeptidases 1 and 2 (ERAP1 and ERAP2) and insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP); however, reports on clin. relevant inhibitors are limited. Here we report a new synthetic approach of high diastereo- and regioselectivity for functionalization of the α-hydroxy-β-amino acid scaffold of bestatin. Stereochem. and mechanism of inhibition were investigated by a high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of ERAP1 in complex with a micromolar inhibitor. By exploring the P1 side-chain functionalities, we achieve significant potency and selectivity, and we report a cell-active, low-nanomolar inhibitor of IRAP with >120-fold selectivity over homologous enzymes. X-ray crystallog. anal. of IRAP in complex with this inhibitor suggest that interactions with the GAMEN loop is an unappreciated key determinant for potency and selectivity. Overall, our results suggest that α-hydroxy-β-amino acid derivatives may constitute useful chem. tools and drug leads for this group of aminopeptidases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5COA of Formula: C4H4BrNO2).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.COA of Formula: C4H4BrNO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Substituted 1,4-Dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones: Antagonists of N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Glycine Sites and Non-NMDA Glutamate Receptors was written by Keana, John F. W.;Kher, Sunil M.;Cai, Sui Xiong;Dinsmore, Christian M.;Glenn, Anne G.;Guastella, J.;Huang, Jin-Cheng;Ilyin, Victor;Lu, Yixin. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1995.Electric Literature of C6H5Br2N This article mentions the following:

A series of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones were synthesized and evaluated as antagonists at N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)/glycine sites and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid-preferring non-NMDA receptors. Antagonist potencies were measured by elec. assays in Xenopus oocytes expressing rat whole brain poly(A)⁺ RNA. Trisubstituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones (e.g., ACEA 1021) containing a nitro group in the 5 position and halogen in the 6 and 7 positions, displayed high potency (K_b ∼ 6-8 nM) at the glycine site, moderate potency at non-NMDA receptors (K_b = 0.9-1.5 μM), and the highest (120-250-fold) selectivity in favor of glycine site antagonism over non-NMDA receptors. Tetrasubstituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones were more than 100-fold weaker glycine site antagonists than the corresponding trisubstituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones with F being better tolerated than Cl as a substituent at the 8 position. Di- and monosubstituted 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones showed progressively weaker antagonism compared to trisubstituted analogs. In terms of steady-state inhibition, most 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione substitution patterns favor antagonism at NMDA/glycine sites over antagonism at non-NMDA receptors. Among the 1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-diones tested, only 1,4-dihydro-6-nitro-2,3-quinoxalinedione was slightly selective for non-NMDA receptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dibromoaniline (cas: 615-55-4Electric Literature of C6H5Br2N).

3,4-Dibromoaniline (cas: 615-55-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Electric Literature of C6H5Br2N

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Identification of Pirin as a Molecular Target of the CCG-1423/CCG-203971 Series of Antifibrotic and Antimetastatic Compounds was written by Lisabeth, Erika M.;Kahl, Dylan;Gopallawa, Indiwari;Haynes, Sarah E.;Misek, Sean A.;Campbell, Phillip L.;Dexheimer, Thomas S.;Khanna, Dinesh;Fox, David A.;Jin, Xiangshu;Martin, Brent R.;Larsen, Scott D.;Neubig, Richard R.. And the article was included in ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science in 2019.Computed Properties of C8H7BrO3 This article mentions the following:

A series of compounds (including CCG-1423 and CCG-203971) discovered through an MRTF/SRF-dependent luciferase screen has shown remarkable efficacy in a variety of in vitro and in vivo models, including significant reduction of melanoma metastasis and bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Although these compounds are efficacious in these disease models, the mol. target is unknown. Here, we describe affinity isolation-based target identification efforts which yielded pirin, an iron-dependent cotranscription factor, as a target of this series of compounds Using biophys. techniques including isothermal titration calorimetry and X-ray crystallog., we verify that pirin binds these compounds in vitro. We also show with genetic approaches that pirin modulates MRTF-dependent luciferase reporter activity. Finally, using both siRNA and a previously validated pirin inhibitor, we show a role for pirin in TGF-β-induced gene expression in primary dermal fibroblasts. A recently developed analog, CCG-257081, which cocrystallizes with pirin, is also effective in the prevention of bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-bromo-5-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 192810-12-1Computed Properties of C8H7BrO3).

Methyl 3-bromo-5-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 192810-12-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Computed Properties of C8H7BrO3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Rational design of perfectly oriented thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter for efficient red electroluminescence was written by Zeng, Xuan;Huang, Yu-Hsin;Gong, Shaolong;Yin, Xuguang;Lee, Wei-Kai;Xiao, Xiao;Zhang, Yu;Zeng, Weixuan;Lu, Chen-Han;Lee, Chang-Cheng;Dong, Xiu-Qin;Zhong, Cheng;Wu, Chung-Chih;Yang, Chuluo. And the article was included in Science China Materials in 2021.Formula: C16H17Br This article mentions the following:

How to control the dipole orientation of organic emitters is a challenge in the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, a linear thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) mol., PhNAI-PMSBA, bearing a 1,8-naphthalimide-acridine framework was designed by a double-site long-axis extension strategy to actively control the dipole orientation. The horizontal ratio of emitting dipole orientation of PhNAI-PMSBA reaches 95%, substantially higher than that of isotropic emitters (67%). This unique feature is associated with the intrinsically horizontal mol. orientation of PhNAI-PMSBA and the good agreement between its transition dipole moment direction and mol. long axis. The PhNAI-PMSBA-based OLED achieves an ultrahigh optical outcoupling efficiency of 43.2% and thus affords one of the highest red electroluminescence with an external quantum efficiency of 22.3% and the Commission International de l′Eclairage 1931 coordinates at around (0.60, 0.40). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1Formula: C16H17Br).

4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Formula: C16H17Br

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Simultaneous Tuning of Alkyl Chains and End Groups in Non-fused Ring Electron Acceptors for Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells was written by Luo, Dou;Jiang, Zhengyan;Shan, Chengwei;Li, Lanqing;Duan, Chenghao;Liu, Qian;Wang, Zhaojin;Wang, Kai;Xu, Baomin;Kyaw, Aung Ko Ko. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2022.Recommanded Product: 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

Fine-tuning the alkyl chains and end groups of non-fused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs) plays vital roles in the promotion of charge transfer (CT) and power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this work, we developed a series of A-D-A′-D-A-type NFREAs, which possess the same terminals (A), the cyclopentadithiophene unit (D), and the thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (A′). Despite the subtle difference in side chains and halogenated end groups, the six acceptors exhibit a considerable difference in the efficiency and device stability of the organic solar cells (OSCs). Among the mols., chlorinated NFREAs show a broader light absorption than the fluorinated ones do. Compared with C8C8-4F (1-octylnonyl and fluorination) and C6C4-4Cl (2-butyloctyl and chlorination), C8C8-4Cl (1-octylnonyl and chlorination) exhibits a lower HOMO level, higher electron mobility, and denser mol. packing. The OSCs based on PM6:C8C8-4Cl yield the best PCE of 14.11%, which is attributed to the faster charge transport, high miscibility, and preferable morphol. Moreover, the PM6:C8C8-4Cl devices retain 91.1% of the initial PCE after being placed in air with 67% relative humidity for 50 days. This work shows that the simultaneous optimization of side chains and end groups facilitates the CT and improves the stability in the OSCs, offering a novel view into the mol. design of A-D-A′-D-A-type NFREAs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Recommanded Product: 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Recommanded Product: 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Asymmetric Reductive Amination/Ring-Closing Cascade: Direct Synthesis of Enantioenriched Biaryl-Bridged NH Lactams was written by Zhang, Yao;Liu, Yun-Qi;Hu, Le’an;Zhang, Xumu;Yin, Qin. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Name: Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate This article mentions the following:

We report here a Ru-catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of biaryl-bridged NH lactams through asym. reductive amination and a spontaneous ring-closing cascade from keto esters and NH₄OAc with H₂ as reductant. The reaction features broad substrate generality and high enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee). To showcase the practical utility, a highly enantioselective synthesis of 5-ethylindolobenzazepinone C, a promising antimitotic agent, has been rapidly completed. Furthermore, the amide group in the products enables versatile elaborations through directed C-H functionalization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9Name: Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate).

Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Name: Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis and study of anti-proliferative effect of new series of 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline derivatives in MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cells was written by Senthilkumar, Natarajan;Ravichandran, Yesudass Dominic. And the article was included in Journal of the Indian Chemical Society in 2015.Related Products of 143945-65-7 This article mentions the following:

New series of 2-(4-(7-fluoro-8-aryl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl)phenyl)acetonitrile derivatives I (R = Ph, 4-IC₆H₄) of biol. interest have been synthesized from com. available 2-amino-5-bromo-4-fluorobenzoic acid with good yield (70%). The synthesized compounds were also screened for anti-proliferative effect on MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell line). Among them compound I (R = Ph) showed moderate inhibition compared to control. Mol. docking studies of the synthesized compounds was done on estrogen receptor (PDB: 3ERT). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-5-bromo-4-fluorobenzoic acid (cas: 143945-65-7Related Products of 143945-65-7).

2-Amino-5-bromo-4-fluorobenzoic acid (cas: 143945-65-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Related Products of 143945-65-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Towards eco-friendly marine antifouling biocides – Nature inspired tetrasubstituted 2,5-diketopiperazines was written by Grant, Thomas M.;Rennison, David;Cervin, Gunnar;Pavia, Henrik;Hellio, Claire;Foulon, Valentin;Brimble, Margaret A.;Cahill, Patrick;Svenson, Johan. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Product Details of 108940-96-1 This article mentions the following:

Marine biofouling plagues all maritime industries at vast economic and environmental cost. Previous and most current methods to control biofouling have employed highly persistent toxins and heavy metals, including tin, copper, and zinc. These toxic methods are resulting in unacceptable environmental harm and are coming under immense regulatory pressure. Eco-friendly alternatives are urgently required to effectively mitigate the neg. consequence of biofouling without causing collateral harm. Amphiphilic micropeptides have recently been shown to exhibit excellent broad-spectrum antifouling activity, with a non-toxic mode of action and innate biodegradability. The present work focused on incorporating the pharmacophore derived from amphiphilic micropeptides into a 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) scaffold. This privileged structure is present in a vast number of natural products, including marine natural product antifoulants, and provides advantages of synthetic accessibility and adaptability. A novel route to sym. tetrasubstituted DKPs was developed and a library of amphiphilic 2,5-DKPs were subsequently synthesized. These biodegradable compounds were demonstrated to be potent marine antifoulants displaying broad-spectrum activity in the low micromolar range against a range of common marine fouling organisms. The outcome of planned coating and field trials will dictate the future development of the lead compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Product Details of 108940-96-1).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Product Details of 108940-96-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Structure-Based Design of 1,4-Dibenzoylpiperazines as β-Catenin/B-Cell Lymphoma 9 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors was written by Wisniewski, John A.;Yin, Jinya;Teuscher, Kevin B.;Zhang, Min;Ji, Haitao. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2016.HPLC of Formula: 334792-52-8 This article mentions the following:

A small-mol. inhibitor with a 1,4-dibenzoylpiperazine scaffold was designed to match the critical binding elements in the β-catenin/B-cell lymphoma 9 (BCL9) protein-protein interaction interface. Inhibitor optimization led to a potent inhibitor that can disrupt the β-catenin/BCL9 interaction and exhibit 98-fold selectivity over the β-catenin/cadherin interaction. The binding mode of new inhibitors was characterized by structure-activity relationships and site-directed mutagenesis studies. Cell-based studies demonstrated that this series of inhibitors can selectively suppress canonical Wnt signaling and inhibit growth of Wnt/β-catenin-dependent cancer cells. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate (cas: 334792-52-8HPLC of Formula: 334792-52-8).

Methyl 3-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate (cas: 334792-52-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.HPLC of Formula: 334792-52-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Note on the preparation of alkyl- and oxaalkyldimethylsilanols was written by Boksanyi, Laszlo;Liardon, Olivier;Kovats, Ervin. And the article was included in Helvetica Chimica Acta in 1976.Recommanded Product: 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

Approx. 15 trialkylsilanols were prepared Thus, RMe2SiCl, prepared in 50-83% yield by Grignard reaction of Me2SiCl2 with RBr, were hydrolyzed to give 29-94% RMe2SiOH (R = Me, Et, Pr, hexyl, decyl, tetradecyl, octadecyl, docosyl). Also, RMe2SiCl (R = oxaalkyl), prepared in 68-90% yield by hydrosilylation of oxaalkenes, were hydrolyzed to give 42-95% RMe2SiOH (R = MeO(CH2)n, MeOCH2CH2O(CH2)n, n = 3-5; 5,8,11,14,17-pentaoxaoctadecyl). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Recommanded Product: 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Recommanded Product: 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary