Tag: 100-200

Structural Optimizations of Thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole Derivatives for the Development of Metabolically Stable Inhibitors of Chikungunya Virus was written by Ching, Kuan-Chieh;Tran, Thi Ngoc Quy;Amrun, Siti Naqiah;Kam, Yiu-Wing;Ng, Lisa F. P.;Chai, Christina L. L.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2017.Synthetic Route of C5H3BrOS This article mentions the following:

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging vector-borne alphavirus, and there is no approved effective antiviral treatment currently available for CHIKV. We previously reported the discovery of thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole 1b that displayed good antiviral activity against CHIKV infection in vitro. However, it has a short half-life in the presence of human liver microsomes (HLMs) (T_1/2 = 2.91 min). Herein, we report further optimization studies in which potential metabolically labile sites on compound 1b were removed or modified, resulting in the identification of thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole 20 and pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazole 23c possessing up to 17-fold increase in metabolic half-lives in HLMs and good in vivo pharmacokinetic properties. Compound 20 not only attenuated viral RNA production and displayed broad-spectrum antiviral activity against other alphaviruses and CHIKV isolates but also exhibited limited cytotoxic liability (CC₅₀ > 100 μM). These studies have identified two compounds that have the potential for further development as antiviral drugs against CHIKV infection. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromothiophene-3-carbaldehyde (cas: 18791-79-2Synthetic Route of C5H3BrOS).

5-Bromothiophene-3-carbaldehyde (cas: 18791-79-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Synthetic Route of C5H3BrOS

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Solvolysis of 2-substituted-9-(ortho-substituted phenylmethyl)fluoren-9-yltrimethylammonium ions in various solvents. The effect of steric crowding on alkene formation was written by Smith, Peter James;Pradhan, Jyotsna. And the article was included in Canadian Journal of Chemistry in 1986.Application of 83902-02-7 This article mentions the following:

The solvolytic reaction of several 9-(o-substituted phenylmethyl)fluoren-9-yltrimethylammonium salts has been investigated in several different solvents. Substitution and elimination products were found for the reactions in all the solvents studied, with the exceptions that reaction in both tert-Bu alc. and chloroform led exclusively to the alkene product. The observed rate constants for alkene formation and the percent alkene were measured and it was found that the di-o compounds reacted at a faster rate but produced less alkene than the reaction of the corresponding mono-o salts. Hydrogen-deuterium isotope effects were also determined for the various reactions. The results are discussed in terms of the reaction proceeding by way of the E1 mechanism, where steric acceleration promotes the loss of the bulky ammonium leaving group to give the carbocation intermediate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7Application of 83902-02-7).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Application of 83902-02-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Infrared studies of 3-fluoro-6-bromotoluene and 4-fluoro-3-bromotoluene was written by Singh, I. D.;Sarowha, S. L. S.. And the article was included in Acta Ciencia Indica, Physics in 1980.Application of 452-62-0 This article mentions the following:

The IR absorption spectra of 3-fluoro-6-bromotoluene and 4-fluoro-3-bromotoluene in the form of thin films were investigated in the frequency range 200-4000 cm^-1. Modes of vibrations were assigned to different observed vibrational frequencies in each case. Me group vibrations are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0Application of 452-62-0).

3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Application of 452-62-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Aryl/Heteroaryl Substituted Boron-Difluoride Complexes Bearing 2-(Isoquinol-1-yl)pyrrole Ligands Exhibiting High Luminescence Efficiency with a Large Stokes Shift was written by Nakano, Takeo;Fujikawa, Shigenori. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

A series of 2-(isoquinol-1-yl)pyrrole-boron complexes possessing (hetero)aryl substituents on the pyrrole and/or isoquinoline moiety were prepared These compounds exhibited the fluorescence emission character in both solution and solid state. In most cases, the large Stokes shift and high fluorescence quantum yield in the solution were compatible. Furthermore, the structural diversity allowed the precise tuning of emitting colors from light blue to red with strong emission intensity. The present paper describes their comprehensive optical characteristics dependent on the type and position of the substituted aryl groups by the exptl. and computational studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5HPLC of Formula: 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.HPLC of Formula: 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for propiconazole based on monoclonal antibody was written by Li, Jiao;Ding, Yuan;Chen, He;Sun, Wanlin;Huang, Yue;Liu, Fengquan;Wang, Minghua;Hua, Xiude. And the article was included in Food Control in 2022.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Propiconazole is a widely used fungicide in agricultural production, but it poses risks to human health. Here, an indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) based on a monoclonal antibody (mAb) was established to detect propiconazole residues. Three haptens of propiconazole were designed and synthesized to prepare antigens. Ten mAbs were obtained using hapten B (5-(4-(2-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-3-chlorophenyl) pentanoic acid). The ic-ELISA based on the combination of mAb 2G2E12 and hapten B-ovalbumin (coating antigen) showed the highest sensitivity. After optimization, the 50% inhibition concentration, limit of detection and linear range of the ic-ELISA were 2.33 μg/L, 0.26 μg/L and 0.26-21.28 μg/L, resp. The cross-reactivities for the analogs of propiconazole were ≤1.9%. The average recoveries of the spiked samples were 75.7%-117.0% with relative standard deviations of ≤9.4%. The results of the ic-ELISA were consistent with those of gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry in the anal. of blind samples. Therefore, we provide an alternative tool for the accurate and reliable determination of propiconazole. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Influence of Polymer Backbone Fluorination on the Electrochemical Behavior of Single-Ion Conducting Multiblock Copolymer Electrolytes was written by Mayer, Alexander;Nguyen, Huu-Dat;Mariani, Alessandro;Diemant, Thomas;Lyonnard, Sandrine;Iojoiu, Cristina;Passerini, Stefano;Bresser, Dominic. And the article was included in ACS Macro Letters in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H4BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

The presence of fluorine, especially in the electrolyte, frequently has a beneficial effect on the performance of lithium batteries owing to, for instance, the stabilization of the interfaces and interphases with the pos. and neg. electrodes. However, the presence of fluorine is also associated with reduced recyclability and low biodegradability. Herein, we present a single-ion conducting multiblock copolymer electrolyte comprising a fluorine-free backbone and compare it with the fluorinated analog reported earlier. Following a comprehensive physicochem. and electrochem. characterization of the copolymer with the fluorine-free backbone, the focus of the comparison with the fluorinated analog was particularly on the electrochem. stability toward oxidation and reduction as well as the reactions occurring at the interface with the lithium-metal electrode. To deconvolute the impact of the fluorine in the ionic side chain and the copolymer backbone, suitable model compounds were identified and studied exptl. and theor. The results show that the absence of fluorine in the backbone has little impact on the basic electrochem. properties, such as the ionic conductivity, but severely affects the electrochem. stability and interfacial stability. The results highlight the need for a very careful design of the whole polymer for each desired application, essentially, just like for liquid electrolytes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Electric Literature of C4H4BrNO2).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Electric Literature of C4H4BrNO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A Chain-Growth Mechanism for Conjugated Polymer Synthesis Facilitated by Dinuclear Complexes with Redox-Active Ligands was written by King, Andrew J.;Zhukhovitskiy, Aleksandr V.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Application of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

Conjugated polymers are widely used in energy conversion and sensor applications, but their synthesis relies on imprecise step-growth or narrow-scope chain-growth methods, typically based on transition metal (TM)-catalyzed cross-coupling. Here we report that a dinickel complex with a redox-active naphthyridine diimine ligand accesses new chain-growth mechanistic manifolds for both donor and acceptor conjugated polymers, represented by poly(3-hexylthiophene), poly(2,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)thienopyrazine), and poly(2-(2-octyldodecyl)benzotriazole). For the latter, our method is particularly effective: we achieve high ds.p. (DP) (>100) with moderate dispersities (D) of ≈1.4. Mechanistic anal. supports a radical/radical anion chain-growth mechanism with organometallic intermediates instead of TM-catalyzed cross-couplings. Hence, our work develops new mechanisms for conjugated polymer synthesis and furnishes insights about the elementary reactivity of dinuclear complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Application of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Application of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Merging Charge Transfer into Metal-Organic Frameworks to Achieve High Reduction Potentials via Multiphoton Excitation was written by Hou, Leixin;Jing, Xu;Huang, Huilin;Duan, Chunying. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2022.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione This article mentions the following:

Use of multiphotons to achieve high reduction potentials is a highly demanding but still challenging task for reductive cleavage of inert bonds. Herein, the authors report a new charge transfer approach that simultaneously excites the electron-rich dye and the radical anionic of the electron-deficient one for photocatalytic activation of aryl chlorides with high reduction potentials (E_red ≈ -1.9 to -2.9 V). Interactions between the tetraphenylbenzene-1,4,-diamine dyes in the large pores of metal-organic frameworks and the adsorbed 9,10-dicyanoanthracene partly endows charge transfer in the ground state. The 1st photoexcitation led to the formation charge separation pairs containing both radical cation and anion for 2nd photon excitation. The possibility of modifying each absorption band of the two dyes independently innovated the resultant aryl radicals applied in various useful transformations, expanding multiphoton manifolds on both the dye scopes and reaction versions. A comparison of the catalytic performance between different structural patterns of metal-organic frameworks with the same ligand demonstrated that the incorporating of the organic dyes within the pores of the frameworks was essential to form charge-transfer species and accelerate the interesting chem. conversion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Ferric nitrate-promoted oxidative esterification of toluene with N-hydroxyphthalimide: Synthesis of N-hydroxyimide esters was written by Li, Pingping;Sun, Jian;Xu, Xiaohe;Mi, Zhisheng;Lin, Yuyan;Cheng, Jingya;Bai, Renren;Xie, Yuanyuan. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 452-62-0 This article mentions the following:

A ferric nitrate-promoted cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction of N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) with toluene derivatives was reported. The reaction proceeded smoothly using mol. oxygen as an oxidant, provided an efficient method for the synthesis of N-hydroxyimide esters. Furthermore, a plausible mechanism was proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0HPLC of Formula: 452-62-0).

3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.HPLC of Formula: 452-62-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

New oxo-bridged dinuclear peroxotungsten(VI) complexes: Synthesis, stability and activity in bromoperoxidation was written by Hazarika, Pankaj;Kalita, Diganta;Sarmah, Swapnalee;Borah, Ruli;Islam, Nashreen S.. And the article was included in Polyhedron in 2006.Recommanded Product: 74440-80-5 This article mentions the following:

Two new dinuclear oxo-bridged peroxo complexes of tungsten with coordinated dipeptides of the type Na₂[W₂O₃(O₂)₄(glycyl-glycine)₂]•3H₂O (1) and Na₂[W₂O₃(O₂)₄(glycyl-leucine)₂]•3H₂O (2) have been synthesized from the reaction of H₂WO₄, 30% H₂O₂ and the resp. dipeptide at pH ca. 2.5. Synthesis of the complexes is sensitive to pH, reaction temperature and concentrations of the components. The complexes were characterized by elemental anal., spectral and physico-chem. methods including thermal anal. In the dimeric complexes the two W(VI) centers with edge bound peroxo groups are bridged by an oxo group. The dipeptides occurring as zwitterions bind the metal centers through carboxylate oxygen atoms leading to hepta coordination around each W(VI). Thermal stability of the compounds as well as their stability in solution were determined The complexes are highly stable toward decomposition in solutions of acidic as well as physiol. pH. Complexes 1, 2 and Na₂[W₂O₃(O₂)₄(cystine)]•4H₂O (3) catalyze the bromoperoxidn. of organic substrates at neutral pH in the presence of H₂O₂. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-3-bromophenol (cas: 74440-80-5Recommanded Product: 74440-80-5).

4-Amino-3-bromophenol (cas: 74440-80-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Recommanded Product: 74440-80-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary