Tag: 100-200

Iron catalysis of Grignard reductions. Mechanism of 1,3-reductive eliminations from γ-propyl halides was written by Rollick, K. L.;Nugent, W. A.;Kochi, J. K.. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 1982.Electric Literature of C7H15BrO This article mentions the following:

The Fe³⁺-catalyzed reduction of 3-substituted propyl bromides by Grignard reagents gives propylene (I) and cyclopropane. The reduction to I is particularly noteworthy since it formally represents a 1,2-H shift. Two key intermediates are identified in I formation, in which MeO(CH₂)₃Br is first catalytically reduced to the Mg derivative by the Grignard reagent. The Fe³⁺-catalyzed β-elimination of the MeO(CH₂)₃MgBr intermediate gives CH₂:CHCH₂OMe, which is then reductively cleaved to I. Extensive studies of D labeling in the reactants, as well as in both intermediates, allow the course of the H shift to be followed unequivocally. The mechanism of Fe catalysis is proposed for the first and second stages of the reduction to I. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-6-methoxyhexane (cas: 50592-87-5Electric Literature of C7H15BrO).

1-Bromo-6-methoxyhexane (cas: 50592-87-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Electric Literature of C7H15BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Ion Conduction in Polymerized Ionic Liquids with Different Pendant Groups was written by Fan, Fei;Wang, Yangyang;Hong, Tao;Heres, Maximilian F.;Saito, Tomonori;Sokolov, Alexei P.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2015.Related Products of 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

Polymerized ionic liquids (PolyILs) are promising candidates for energy storage and electrochem. devices applications. Understanding their ionic transport mechanism is the key for designing highly conductive PolyILs. By using broadband dielec. spectroscopy (BDS), rheol., and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a systematic study has been carried out to provide a better understanding of the ionic transport mechanism in PolyILs with different pendant groups. The variation of pendant groups results in different dielec., mech., and thermal properties of these PolyILs. The Walden plot anal. shows that the data points for all these PolyILs fall above the ideal Walden line, and the deviation from the ideal line increases upon approaching the glass transition temperature (T_g). The conductivity for these PolyILs at their T_gs are much higher than the usually reported value �0^-15 S/cm for polymer electrolytes, in which the ionic transport is closely coupled to the segmental dynamics. These results indicate a decoupling of ionic conductivity from the segmental relaxation in these materials. The degree of decoupling increases with the increase of the fragility of polymer segmental relaxation. We relate this observation to a decrease in polymer packing efficiency with an increase in fragility. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Related Products of 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Related Products of 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis, characterization, reactivity and antibacterial activity of new peroxovanadium(V) complexes anchored to soluble polymers was written by Kalita, Diganta;Sarmah, Swapnalee;Das, Siva Prasad;Baishya, Diganta;Patowary, Ashok;Baruah, Sashi;Islam, Nashreen S.. And the article was included in Reactive & Functional Polymers in 2008.HPLC of Formula: 74440-80-5 This article mentions the following:

New peroxovanadate (pV) complexes anchored to soluble polymers of the type, Na₃[V₂O₂(O₂)₄(carboxylate)]-PA [PA = poly(acrylate)] (PAV) and Na₂[VO(O₂)₂(carboxylate)]-PMA [PMA = Poly(methacrylate)] (PMAV) have been synthesized from the reaction of V₂O₅ with H₂O₂ and the sodium salts of the resp. macromol. ligands at pH ca. 6. The compounds were characterized by elemental anal., SEM, EDX, TGA and spectral studies. In PMAV, the pV moieties are anchored in monomeric form to the polymer chain through unidentately coordinated O (carboxylate) atoms. Carboxylate groups of PA chain coordinate to V(V) centers, in a bridging bidentate fashion leading to the formation of dimeric pV structures in PAV. The PAV complex efficiently mediated bromination of organic substrates in aqueous-organic media at ambient temperature Complex PMAV, was inactive in bromination under analogous conditions. The compounds are relatively resistant to degradation by the enzyme catalase compared to its natural substrate, H₂O₂. The polymeric complexes along with the free polymer and neat DPV were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-3-bromophenol (cas: 74440-80-5HPLC of Formula: 74440-80-5).

4-Amino-3-bromophenol (cas: 74440-80-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. HPLC of Formula: 74440-80-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In Vivo Photocontrol of Microtubule Dynamics and Integrity, Migration and Mitosis, by the Potent GFP-Imaging-Compatible Photoswitchable Reagents SBTubA4P and SBTub2M was written by Gao, Li;Meiring, Joyce C. M.;Varady, Adam;Ruider, Iris E.;Heise, Constanze;Wranik, Maximilian;Velasco, Cecilia D.;Taylor, Jennifer A.;Terni, Beatrice;Weinert, Tobias;Standfuss, Joerg;Cabernard, Clemens C.;Llobet, Artur;Steinmetz, Michel O.;Bausch, Andreas R.;Distel, Martin;Thorn-Seshold, Julia;Akhmanova, Anna;Thorn-Seshold, Oliver. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2022.Product Details of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

Photoswitchable reagents are powerful tools for high-precision studies in cell biol. When these reagents are globally administered yet locally photoactivated in two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures, they can exert micron- and millisecond-scale biol. control. This gives them great potential for use in biol. more relevant three-dimensional (3D) models and in vivo, particularly for studying systems with inherent spatiotemporal complexity, such as the cytoskeleton. However, due to a combination of photoswitch isomerization under typical imaging conditions, metabolic liabilities, and insufficient water solubility at effective concentrations, the in vivo potential of photoswitchable reagents addressing cytosolic protein targets remains largely unrealized. Here, we optimized the potency and solubility of metabolically stable, druglike colchicinoid microtubule inhibitors based on the styrylbenzothiazole (SBT) scaffold that are nonresponsive to typical fluorescent protein imaging wavelengths and so enable multichannel imaging studies. We applied these reagents both to 3D organoids and tissue explants and to classic model organisms (zebrafish, clawed frog) in one- and two-protein imaging experiments, in which spatiotemporally localized illuminations allowed them to photocontrol microtubule dynamics, network architecture, and microtubule-dependent processes in vivo with cellular precision and second-level resolution These nanomolar, in vivo capable photoswitchable reagents should open up new dimensions for high-precision cytoskeleton research in cargo transport, cell motility, cell division, and development. More broadly, their design can also inspire similarly capable optical reagents for a range of cytosolic protein targets, thus bringing in vivo photopharmacol. one step closer to general realization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Product Details of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Product Details of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

8-Substituted pteridines was written by Dick, G. P. G.;Fidler, W. E.;Wood, H. C. S.. And the article was included in Chemistry & Industry (London, United Kingdom) in 1956.Electric Literature of C5H11BrO This article mentions the following:

Preparations of 8-substituted pteridines from pyrazine intermediates were studied. 2-Hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonylpyrazine in Me₂CO solution with MeI in the presence of K₂CO₃ gave 1,2-dihydro-3-methoxycarbonyl-1-methyl-2-oxopyrazine (I). I with guanidine carbonate in aqueous MeOH gave a salt of guanidine and 1,2-dihydro-1-methyl-2-oxopyrazine-3-carboxylic acid, which had phys. properties similar to those expected for 2,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-imino-8-methylpteridine. Fusion of 1,2-dihydro-3-methoxycarbonyl-1-methyl-2-oxo-5,6-diphenylpyrazine with guanidine carbonate gave 93% 2,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-imino-8-methyl-6,7-diphenylpteridine. This method is applicable to preparations of pteridines with a sugar group at the 8 position. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Electric Literature of C5H11BrO).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Electric Literature of C5H11BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of 3-Trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-triazolines and 1,2,4-Triazoles via Tandem Addition/Cyclization of Trifluoromethyl N-Acylhydrazones with Cyanamide was written by Liu, Xiaoling;Liu, Haimei;Bian, Chang;Wang, Ke-Hu;Wang, Junjiao;Huang, Danfeng;Su, Yingpeng;Lv, Xiaobo;Hu, Yulai. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione This article mentions the following:

A tandem addition/cyclization reaction between trifluoromethyl N-acylhydrazones and cyanamide is described, which provides a novel and efficient process for the synthesis of polysubstituted 3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-triazolines and their derivatives The method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, good product yields, and atom economy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Alkyloxime-Substituted Thiophene-Based Wide-Band-Gap Polymer Donor Achieving a High Short Circuit Current Density of 30 mA cm^-2 in Organic Solar Cells was written by Jiang, Yunsheng;Liu, Haitao;Li, Xu;Yuan, Yi;Wang, Jinliang;Cui, Bo;Li, Yuning. And the article was included in Chemistry of Materials in 2022.Synthetic Route of C4H4BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

A new polymer TTOTCl with a repeat unit consisting of a chlorinated thienyl-substituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene (BDTCl) donor unit, a thiophene spacer, and an alkyloxime-substituted thiophene (TO) acceptor unit is reported as a wide-band-gap donor for nonfullerene acceptor-based organic solar cells (OSCs). The optical band gap (E_g^opt = 1.97 eV), the HOMO (HOMO) energy level (E_HOMO = -5.48 eV), and the LUMO (LUMO) energy level (E_LUMO = -3.51 eV) of TTOTCl match well with the nonfullerene acceptor Y6 (E_g^opt = 1.33 eV; E_HOMO = -5.65 eV; E_LUMO = -4.10 eV). TTOTCl also showed a high space charge-limited current (SCLC) hole mobility of 1.36 x 10^-3 cm² V^-1 s^-1. OSCs using TTOTCl as the donor and Y6 as the acceptor achieved a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 14.42% with a record high J_sc of 30.00 mA cm^-2 along with a V_oc of 0.70 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.68. The PCE was further improved to 15.43% using a hole transport enhancement layer, with an enhanced V_oc and FF of 0.72 V and 0.71, resp. The unencapsulated OSC device showed excellent long-term stability in ambient air with a 90.4% retention in the PCE over 30 days. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Synthetic Route of C4H4BrNO2).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Synthetic Route of C4H4BrNO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Design of N-Spiro C₂-Symmetric Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Bromides as Novel Chiral Phase-Transfer Catalysts: Synthesis and Application to Practical Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Amino Acids was written by Ooi, Takashi;Kameda, Minoru;Maruoka, Keiji. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2003.Application In Synthesis of 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene This article mentions the following:

Chiral phase-transfer catalysts, C₂-sym. chiral quaternary ammonium bromides I (Ar = Ph, α-naphthyl) and II [Ar = H, Ph, β-naphthyl, 3,5-(diphenyl)phenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl], were readily prepared from com. available optically pure 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol. Detailed procedures for the synthesis of I and II were given, and the structures of II (Ar = H, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl) were unequivocally determined by single-crystal x-ray diffraction anal. The reactivity and selectivity of these chiral ammonium bromides as chiral phase-transfer catalysts were evaluated in the asym. alkylation of Ph₂C:NCH₂CO₂R (R = Bu-t, Me, CH₂Ph, CHPh₂) by PhCH₂Br under mild liquid-liquid phase-transfer conditions, and the optimization of the reaction variables (solvent, base, and temperature) was conducted. In addition, the scope and limitations of this asym. alkylation were thoroughly investigated with a variety of alkyl halides, in which the advantage of the unique N-spiro structure of II and dramatic effect of the steric as well as the electronic properties of the aromatic substituents on the 3,3′-position of the binaphthyl moiety were emphasized. Finally, the asym. synthesis of Me and tert-Bu (S)-N-acetylindoline-2-carboxylates, and L-Dopa (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) tert-Bu ester was successfully accomplished using the above methodol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7Application In Synthesis of 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Application In Synthesis of 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Preparation of oxacylanes. III. Mechanism of the cyclization of γ and δ halogenated methyl ethers in the presence of Lewis acids; isolation of intermediary oxonium salts was written by Kirrmann, Albert;Wartski, Lya. And the article was included in Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France in 1966.Recommanded Product: 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

That the title cyclization takes place via the tertiary oxonium salts is confirmed (loc. cit.) by the isolation of the following intermediate salts: methyl tetrahydrofuranyl oxonium bromopentachloroantimonate (I), m. 110°, and methyl tetrahydropyranyl oxonium fluoborate (II). On heating, I gave tetrahydrofuran, MeBr and traces of MeCl while II gave tetrahydropyranate-BF3, b. 171°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Recommanded Product: 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Recommanded Product: 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Pillar[5]arenes modified tetraphenylethylene as fluorescent chemosensor for paraquat detection was written by Kang, Zuzhe;Yang, Jiao;Jiang, Jingjing;Zhao, Li;Zhang, Yanrong;Tu, Qin;Wang, Jinyi;Yuan, Mao-Sen. And the article was included in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione This article mentions the following:

Pesticide pollution has become a severe challenge for harming food quality and human safety. Therefore, it′s urgent to develop sensitive methods to detect and analyze pesticides. Herein, we successfully developed a new turn-on fluorescent chemosensor (TPE-4P), a tetra-Ph ethylene derivative modified with four pillar[5]arenes, which could sensitively, selectively, and rapidly detect the pesticide paraquat. In our study, we took full advantage of both the host-guest strategy and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) to achieve fluorescent enhancement of the chemosensor for paraquat, in which four pillar[5]arenes as the recognition units can selectively capture paraquat. The formation of the supramol. complexes based on the interlaced host-guest interactions effectively restricted the intramol. single-bond rotation and skeletal vibration, resulting in the intensive fluorescent emission. The detection limit for paraquat was low enough to reach 154.1 nM, and the detection time was short enough to meet the rapid detection conditions. Moreover, the test strips loaded-TPE-4P facilitated the detection process and achieved the semi-quant. anal. for paraquat in real spiked samples. In addition, TPE-4P could respond to paraquat in living zebrafish obviously. These results suggest that the cooperation of host-guest and AIE chem. could become useful for the design to detect some appropriate organic mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary