Tag: 100-200

Iron-catalyzed C(sp²)-H alkylation of carboxamides with primary electrophiles was written by Monks, Brendan M.;Fruchey, Erin R.;Cook, Silas P.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2014.Electric Literature of C5H11BrO This article mentions the following:

A robust iron-catalyzed ortho alkylation of aryl amides was carried out. The reaction generally proceeds in high yields with exceptional regioselectivity. The reaction is complete in less than 10 min and can be performed in bio-derived 2-methyltetrahydrofuran as solvent on gram scale. The reactivity and selectivity provides a reaction profile unique among the reported C-H functionalization reactions, thereby complementing current strategies. The low cost and toxicity of the reagents should simplify the large-scale implementation of this C-H functionalization. Moreover, mechanistic experiments indicate that substrate coordination is irreversible and occurs prior to C-H cleavage. Further efforts will be directed toward mechanistic understanding and expanding the scope of this interesting transformation. © 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Electric Literature of C5H11BrO).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Electric Literature of C5H11BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Mechanism and solvent reorganization accompanying hydrolyses of anchimerically assisted alkyl halides in water was written by Blandamer, Michael J.;Golinkin, G. S.;Robertson, Ross E.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1969.Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane This article mentions the following:

This paper deals with the problem of solvent reorganization, anchimeric assistance, and mechanism for hydrolysis of 9 alkyl halides where the neighboring group is -OH, -OMe, or -SMe. By using the temperature coefficient of the enthalpy as a gauge of relative solvent reorganization, we show that the transition state in the hydrolysis of those alkyl halides giving evidence of anchimeric assistance resembles that for an SN1 mechanism. This conclusion was supported in one case by 13C labeling experiments in spite of product analysis seemingly favoring SN2 nucleophilic displacement by the solvent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Application In Synthesis of 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Solvolysis in hydrogen and deuterium oxide. IV. Halides with neighboring groups was written by Laughton, P. M.;Robertson, R. E.. And the article was included in Canadian Journal of Chemistry in 1961.Related Products of 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

Rate ratios k_D2O÷k_H2O were determined for 23 halides with HO, MeO, or halogen substituents, and compared to the data for Me₂CHBr at the same temperature The compounds fell into 3 classes: normal, including compounds showing no anchimeric assistance and the dihalides; low ratios, including compounds assisted by an adjacent HO group [HOCMe₂CH₂Cl (I) and Br, HOCMe₂CHMeCl and Br, and trans-cyclohexene bromohydrin]; high ratios, including HO(CH₂)₄Cl and compounds assisted by MeO group [MeO(CH₂)₄Cl (II) and Br, MeOCMe₂CH₂Br (III), and MeOCMe₂CHMeBr]. These results were attributed to differing effects on the solvent shell, resulting from involvement of the intramol. nucleophiles. In addition to b.p. and n_D of compounds studied, the following new preparations were reported (compound, b.p., n²⁵_D, and reagents used in preparation): HOCH₂CH₂I, 88° (30 mm.), 1.5625, NaI and HOCH₂CH₂Cl; MeO(CH₂)₃Br (IV), 129°, 1.4448 (26°), NaOMe and Br(CH₂)₃Br; MeO(CH₂)₃I, 155-8°, 1.4873 (27°), NaI and IV; I, 56° (40 mm.), 1.4260, Me₂C:CH₂ and HOCl in aqueous AcOH; II, 48-53° (20 mm.), 1.4290, NaOMe and Cl(CH₂)₄Cl; MeOCH₂CMe₂Cl, 88-90°, 1.4039 (24°), corresponding alc.; III, -, 1.4575, Me₂C:CH₂ and methanolic N-bromosuccinimide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Related Products of 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Related Products of 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Discovery of N-Ethyl-4-[2-(4-fluoro-2,6-dimethyl-phenoxy)-5-(1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl)phenyl]-6-methyl-7-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxamide (ABBV-744), a BET Bromodomain Inhibitor with Selectivity for the Second Bromodomain was written by Sheppard, George S.;Wang, Le;Fidanze, Steven D.;Hasvold, Lisa A.;Liu, Dachun;Pratt, John K.;Park, Chang H.;Longenecker, Kenton;Qiu, Wei;Torrent, Maricel;Kovar, Peter J.;Bui, Mai;Faivre, Emily;Huang, Xiaoli;Lin, Xiaoyu;Wilcox, Denise;Zhang, Lu;Shen, Yu;Albert, Daniel H.;Magoc, Terrance J.;Rajaraman, Ganesh;Kati, Warren M.;McDaniel, Keith F.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.COA of Formula: C9H11Br This article mentions the following:

The BET family of proteins consists of BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDt. Each protein contains two distinct bromodomains (BD1 and BD2). BET family bromodomain inhibitors under clin. development for oncol. bind to each of the eight bromodomains with similar affinities. We hypothesized that it may be possible to achieve an improved therapeutic index by selectively targeting subsets of the BET bromodomains. Both BD1 and BD2 are highly conserved across family members (>70% identity), whereas BD1 and BD2 from the same protein exhibit a larger degree of divergence (~40% identity), suggesting selectivity between BD1 and BD2 of all family members would be more straightforward to achieve. Exploiting the Asp144/His437 and Ile146/Val439 sequence differences (BRD4 BD1/BD2 numbering) allowed the identification of compound 27 demonstrating greater than 100-fold selectivity for BRD4 BD2 over BRD4 BD1. Further optimization to improve BD2 selectivity and oral bioavailability resulted in the clin. development compound 46 (ABBV-744). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7COA of Formula: C9H11Br).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.COA of Formula: C9H11Br

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Mn-mediated reductive C(sp³)-Si coupling of activated secondary alkyl bromides with chlorosilanes was written by Qi, Liangliang;Pang, Xiaobo;Yin, Kai;Pan, Qiu-Quan;Wei, Xiao-Xue;Shu, Xing-Zhong. And the article was included in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2022.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane This article mentions the following:

Reductive coupling of activated secondary alkyl halides FG-CHXR¹ (FG = phosphinyl, sulfonyl; R¹ = Me, Et, PhCH₂CH₂, C₆H₁₃) with chlorosilane ClSiMe₂(CH:CH₂) mediated by manganese metal afforded secondary alkylsilanes FG-CH(R¹)SiMe₂(CH:CH₂) with high yields. The construction of secondary alkylsilanes is a challenging subject in the synthetic community. The cross-coupling provides a practical solution to address this problem, but it typically relies on organometallic species. Herein, we report an Mn-mediated reductive C(sp³)-Si coupling to synthesize these compounds from alkyl and silyl electrophiles. This approach avoids the requirement for activation of Si-Cl by transition metals and thus allows for the coupling of various common chlorosilanes. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions and shows good functional group compatibility. The method offers access to α-silylated organophosphorus and sulfones with a scope that is complementary to those obtained from the established methods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

High-performance thin-layer chromatography in combination with an acetylcholinesterase-inhibition bioassay with pre-oxidation of organothiophosphates to determine neurotoxic effects in storm, waste, and surface water was written by Baetz, Nicolai;Schmidt, Torsten C.;Tuerk, Jochen. And the article was included in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry in 2022.SDS of cas: 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

Pesticides such as organothiophosphates (OTPs) are neurotoxically active and enter the aquatic environment. Bioassays, using acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a suitable substrate and reactant, can be applied for the photometric detection of AChE-inhibiton (AChE-I) effects. The oxidized forms of OTPs, so-called oxons, have higher inhibition potentials for AChE. Therefore, a higher sensitivity is achieved for application of oxidized samples to the AChE assay. In this study, the oxidation of malathion, parathion, and chlorpyrifos by n-bromosuccinimide (NBS) was investigated in an approach combining high-performance thin-layer chromatog. (HPTLC) with an AChE-I assay. Two AChE application approaches, immersion and spraying, were compared regarding sensitivity, precision, and general feasibility of the OTP effect detection. The oxidation by NBS led to an activation of the OTPs and a strong increase in sensitivity similar to the oxons tested. The sensitivity and precision of the two application techniques were similar, although the spray method was slightly more sensitive to the oxidized OTPs. The 10% inhibition concentrations (IC10) for the spray approach were 0.26, 0.75, and 0.35 ng/spot for activated malathion, parathion, and chlorpyrifos, resp. AChE-I effect recoveries in samples from a stormwater retention basin and receiving stream were between 69 and 92% for malathion, parathion, and chlorpyrifos. The overall workflow, including sample enrichment by solid-phase extraction, HPTLC, oxidation of OTPs, and AChE-I assay, was demonstrated to be suitable for the detection of AChE-I effects in native water samples. An effect of unknown origin was found in a sample from a stormwater retention basin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5SDS of cas: 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.SDS of cas: 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Asymmetric phase-transfer catalysis of homo- and heterochiral quaternary ammonium salts: development and application of conformationally flexible chiral phase-transfer catalysts was written by Ooi, Takashi;Uematsu, Yukitaka;Kameda, Minoru;Maruoka, Keiji. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2006.Formula: C9H11Br This article mentions the following:

Inspired by the considerable difference of catalytic activity and stereocontrolling ability between the conformationally rigid, homo- and heterochiral quaternary ammonium bromides 1 (I), conformationally flexible, N-spiro chiral quaternary ammonium bromides of type 4 (II) have been designed and synthesized. Reliable procedures for the preparation of the appropriately substituted biphenyl subunits have been established by the repeated use of ortho magnesiation-halogenation as a key synthetic tool. The relationship between the structure of achiral biphenyl moiety and the reactivity and selectivity of 4 has been evaluated in the asym. alkylation of glycinate Schiff base 2 (III) under typical phase-transfer conditions, leading to the identification of 4l (Ar¹ = 3,5,-Ph₂-C₆H₃) as an optimal catalyst structure to exhibit an excellent enantiocontrol in the reactions with various alkyl halides. The mol. structure of 4l was determined by X-ray crystallog. anal. and its unique behavior in solution was examined by a variable-temperature ¹H NMR study. These investigations uncovered that the observed high chiral efficiency originated from the efficient asym. phase-transfer catalysis of homochiral-4l, which rapidly equilibrated with heterochiral-4l of low catalytic activity and stereoselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7Formula: C9H11Br).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Formula: C9H11Br

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Nickel-Catalyzed Thermal Redox Functionalization of C(sp³)-H Bonds with Carbon Electrophiles was written by Gong, Yuxin;Su, Lei;Zhu, Zhaodong;Ye, Yang;Gong, Hegui. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Recommanded Product: 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

A Ni-catalyzed arylation and alkylation of C(sp₃)-H bonds with organohalides to forge C(sp₃)-C bonds by merging economical Zn and tBuOOtBu (DTBP) as the external reductant and oxidant was reported. The mild and easy-to-operate protocol enabled facile carbofunctionalization of N-/O-α- and cyclohexane C-H bonds, and preparation of a few intermediates of bioactive compounds and drug derivatives Preliminary mechanistic studies implied addition of an alkyl radical to a NiII salt. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Recommanded Product: 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Recommanded Product: 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Reducing steric hindrance around electronegative atom in polymer simultaneously enhanced efficiency and stability of organic solar cells was written by Jiang, Qiuju;Han, Pengwei;Ning, Haijun;Jiang, Jiaquan;Chen, Hui;Xiao, Yonghong;Ye, Chun-Rong;Chen, Jinming;Lin, Man;He, Feng;Huang, Xiao-Chun;Wu, Qinghe. And the article was included in Nano Energy in 2022.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione This article mentions the following:

Uncovering the underlying rules that determine efficiency and device stability of polymer donors is crucially important for future rational design of new materials. By reducing bulkiness of alkyl chain in NTI, we synthesized polymer donor PNTB-HD. The PNTB-HD:N3 based photovoltaic device exhibits the highest PCE of 18.15% that is among the best efficiency in binary devices. More encouragingly, it demonstrates much better device thermal stability than PNTB-2T and the most widely used polymer PM6. Compared with PNTB-2T, PNTB-HD has more condensed packing and stronger tendency to preassembly in chloroform solution that is reason for simultaneously enhancement of efficiency and thermal stability. Single crystal data further revealed reducing alkyl chain bulkiness in NTI could significantly enhance short interaction of C=O…H-C between adjacent mols. that provide useful information to understand the phys. property variation of two polymers. This study revealed reducing steric hindrance around electroneg. atom is an effective strategy for designing high-performance polymers donors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Safety of 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Novel Indole-2-carboxamide Derivatives as Anti-inflammatory Agents for the Treatment of Sepsis was written by Liu, Zhiguo;Tang, Longguang;Zhu, Heping;Xu, Tingting;Qiu, Chenyu;Zheng, Suqing;Gu, Yugui;Feng, Jianpeng;Zhang, Yali;Liang, Guang. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.Product Details of 83902-02-7 This article mentions the following:

Sepsis is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Derivatives of indole have been reported to exhibit diverse biol. activities. This study reports on the design and synthesis of a new series of indole-2-carboxamide derivatives, which are screened for their anti-inflammatory activities in RAW 264.7 macrophages. A majority of these derivatives effectively inhibited lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Preliminary structure-activity relationship anal. was also conducted. The results indicate that the most promising compounds in the prepared series were 14f and 14g. They were found to effectively reduce LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation and overexpression of a series of inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, in vivo administration of 14f and 14g resulted in remarkable lung histopathol. improvements in mice without toxicity in organs. Taken together, these data indicate that the newly discovered indole-2-carboxamide derivatives could be particularly useful for further treatment in inflammatory diseases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7Product Details of 83902-02-7).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Product Details of 83902-02-7

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary