Tag: 100-200

Discovery of 4-Benzyloxybenzo[d]isoxazole-3-amine Derivatives as Highly Selective and Orally Efficacious Human Sphingomyelin Synthase 2 Inhibitors that Reduce Chronic Inflammation in db/db Mice was written by Mo, Mingguang;Yang, Jintong;Jiang, Xian-Cheng;Cao, Yu;Fei, Jinyu;Chen, Yang;Qi, Xiangyu;Chu, Yong;Zhou, Lu;Ye, Deyong. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2) is a promising therapeutic target for several chronic inflammation-associated diseases, including atherosclerosis, fatty liver and insulin resistance. Herein, we report the identification of 4-benzyloxybenzo[d]isoxazole-3-amine derivatives as potent and highly selective SMS2 inhibitors through a conformational restriction strategy. After systematic structural modifications, several compounds with high selectivity and good potency in vitro were selected for further evaluation. Compound I demonstrated good pharmacokinetics (oral bioavailability, F = 56%) in vivo and has an inhibitory potency against sphingomyelin synthase activity when ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice are provided with an oral dose of this compound In addition, compound I attenuated chronic inflammation significantly in db/db mice after oral dosing for 6 wk. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

2-(Bromomethyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 83902-02-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of new optically active 2-pyrrolidinones was written by Moutevelis-Minakakis, Panagiota;Papavassilopoulou, Eleni;Mavromoustakos, Thomas. And the article was included in Molecules in 2013.Computed Properties of C5H11BrO This article mentions the following:

A new class of optically active 2-pyrrolidinones was synthesized, starting from (S)-pyroglutamic acid, a well known natural chiral synthon. The synthetic design followed led to the insertion of various substituents at positions 1 and 5 of the 2-pyrrolidinone ring, including the imidazole moiety. Some of them possess 2 or 3 stereogenic centers, the configuration of which was retained under the mild conditions used. The new compounds also carry an imidazole moiety, which, along with the 2-pyrrolidinone template, may prove pivotal to several biol. processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Computed Properties of C5H11BrO).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Computed Properties of C5H11BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A multifunctional fluorescent molecule with AIE characteristics for SO₂ derivatives detection, fluorescence ink and latent fingerprint imaging was written by Li, Shifei;Wang, Lin;Ma, Yanyan;Zhu, Linlin;Lin, Weiying. And the article was included in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2022.Related Products of 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

With the increasing interest and demand for multifunctional fluorescence materials, a judicious and facile design is essential but still challenging. Herein, a new multifunctional fluorescence mol. (TCMn) with AIE characteristics was rationally designed and synthesized. TCMn could not only specifically recognize exogenous and endogenous SO₂ derivatives (HSO₃^– /SO₃^2-) in living cells, but also could be used as a fluorescent ink. The TCMn solution as a fluorescence ink exhibited excellent fluorescence stability and resistance to photobleaching. More importantly, TCMn was used for visualizing latent fingerprints on different object surfaces. This work provides a new strategy for mol. design and development of multifunctional fluorescent mol. materials for practical applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Related Products of 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Related Products of 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Kinetic solvent isotope effect, solvent reorganization and the Sn1-Sn2 mechanism was written by Treindl, L.;Robertson, Ross Elmore;Sugamori, S. E.. And the article was included in Canadian Journal of Chemistry in 1969.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane This article mentions the following:

The temperature dependence of the rates of solvolysis were determined in D2O for tert-Bu chloride, 2,2-dibromopropane, 2-bromo-2-chloropropane, and 2-chloro-2-methylpropyl Me ether, and corresponding values of ΔHîŒ? ΔSîŒ? and ΔCp are derived. Values of ΔHîŒ?and ΔSîŒ?from the solvolysis of 7 other halides and 2 benzenesulfonates were estimated from rate determinations at 2 temperatures in D2O. A comparison of these values with terms from corresponding experiments in H2O provide values of δ1ΔGîŒ? δ1ΔHîŒ? and δ1ΔSîŒ?characterizing the kinetic solvent isotope effect. While δ1ΔGîŒ?appears to have about the same value for a wide range of halides of different structure irresp. of the probable mechanism of reaction, systematic differences in δ1ΔHîŒ?and δ1ΔSîŒ?differentiate those reacting by an SN2 mechanism from those reacting by an SN1 mechanism. This difference is in the direction suggesting a loosening of solvent structure in the activation process in agreement with indications obtained from the corresponding values of the heat capacity of activation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Nonpolar Nucleoside Mimics as Active Substrates for Human Thymidine Kinases was written by Jarchow-Choy, Sarah K.;Sjuvarsson, Elena;Sintim, Herman O.;Eriksson, Staffan;Kool, Eric T.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2009.HPLC of Formula: 452-62-0 This article mentions the following:

We describe the use of nonpolar nucleoside analogs of systematically varied size and shape to probe the mechanisms by which the two human thymidine kinases (TK1 and TK2) recognize and phosphorylate their substrate, thymidine. Comparison of polar thymidine with a nonpolar isostere, 2,4-difluorotoluene deoxyriboside, as substrates for the two enzymes establishes that TK1 requires electrostatic complementarity to recognize the thymine base with high efficiency. Conversely, TK2 does not and phosphorylates the hydrophobic shape mimic with efficiency nearly the same as the natural substrate. To test the response to nucleobase size, thymidine-like analogs were systematically varied by replacing the 2,4 substituents on toluene with hydrogen and the halogen series (H, F, Cl, Br, I). Both enzymes showed a distinct preference for substrates having the natural size. To examine the shape preference, we prepared four mono- and difluorotoluene deoxyribosides with varying positions of substitutions. While TK1 did not accept these nonpolar analogs as substrates, TK2 did show varying levels of phosphorylation of the shape-varied set. This latter enzyme preferred toluene nucleoside analogs having steric projections at the 2 and 4 positions, as is found in thymine, and strongly disfavored substitution at the 3-position. Steady-state kinetics measurements showed that the 4-fluoro compound (7) had an apparent V_max/K_m value within 14-fold of the natural substrate, and the 2,4-difluoro compound (1), which is the closest isostere of thymidine, had a value within 2.5-fold. The results establish that nucleoside recognition mechanisms for the two classes of enzymes are very different. On the basis of these data, nonpolar nucleosides are likely to be active in the nucleotide salvage pathway in human cells, suggesting new designs for future bioactive mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0HPLC of Formula: 452-62-0).

3-Bromo-4-fluorotoluene (cas: 452-62-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.HPLC of Formula: 452-62-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Mechanochemical synthesis of magnesium-based carbon nucleophiles in air and their use in organic synthesis was written by Takahashi, Rina;Hu, Anqi;Gao, Pan;Gao, Yunpeng;Pang, Yadong;Seo, Tamae;Jiang, Julong;Maeda, Satoshi;Takaya, Hikaru;Kubota, Koji;Ito, Hajime. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2021.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane This article mentions the following:

Since the discovery of Grignard reagents in 1900, the nucleophilic addition of magnesium-based carbon nucleophiles to various electrophiles has become one of the most powerful, versatile, and well-established methods for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis. Grignard reagents are typically prepared via reactions between organic halides and magnesium metal in a solvent. However, this method usually requires the use of dry organic solvents, long reaction times, strict control of the reaction temperature, and inert-gas-line techniques. Despite the utility of Grignard reagents, these requirements still represent major drawbacks from both an environmental and an economic perspective, and often cause reproducibility problems. Herein, the general mechanochem. synthesis of magnesium-based carbon nucleophiles (Grignard reagents in paste form) in air using a ball milling technique is reported. These nucleophiles can be used directly for one-pot nucleophilic addition reactions with various electrophiles and nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions under solvent-free conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Recommanded Product: 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Visible-Light-Mediated (sp³)Cα-H Functionalization of Ethers Enabled by Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex was written by Roy, Sourav;Chatterjee, Indranil. And the article was included in ACS Organic & Inorganic Au in 2022.Recommanded Product: 128-08-5 This article mentions the following:

A synthetically beneficial visible-light-mediated protocol has been disclosed to achieve C-H amination of readily available feedstocks cyclic and acyclic ethers. A rarely identified N-bromosuccinamide-tetrahydrofuran electron donor-acceptor complex served as an initiator to functionalize both α-diazoketones and dialkyl azodicarboxylates. This developed methodol. gives an alternative and milder way to construct the C-N bond and can be explored for the formation of C-C bond to perform arylation and allylation reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5Recommanded Product: 128-08-5).

1-Bromopyrrolidine-2,5-dione (cas: 128-08-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Recommanded Product: 128-08-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Length Effect of Alkyl Linkers on the Crystalline Transition in Naphthalene Diimide-Based Double-Cable Conjugated Polymers was written by Hu, Zhijie;Xiao, Chengyi;Tan, Wen Liang;Liu, Baiqiao;Liang, Shijie;Jiang, Xudong;McNeil, Christopher R.;Li, Weiwei. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2022.Synthetic Route of C7H15BrO This article mentions the following:

The alkyl chains as linkers in double-cable conjugated polymers play an important role in the solubility, packing motif, morphol., and voltage loss in single-component organic solar cells (SCOSCs). In this work, we incorporate alkyl linkers with lengths from hexyl (C₆H₁₂) to hexadecyl (C₁₆H₃₂) into naphthalene diimide-based double-cable conjugated polymers. These polymers show a parabolic-type distribution in crystallinity, in which the crystalline degree of the polymers is enhanced in sequence from P06 (C₆H₁₂ linker) to P12 (C₁₂H₂₄ linker) and then decreased in longer alkyl linkers. These differences bring into deviations like optical bandgaps, packing motif, charge transport, and photovoltaic performance in SCOSCs. This work demonstrates the importance of linkers’ length on crystallinity and packing motif as well as provides a new viewpoint in guiding the design of new double-cable conjugated polymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-6-methoxyhexane (cas: 50592-87-5Synthetic Route of C7H15BrO).

1-Bromo-6-methoxyhexane (cas: 50592-87-5) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Synthetic Route of C7H15BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Stable carbonium ions. LXVII. Halonium ion formation via 1,4-halogen participation. Five-membered-ring tetramethylenehalonium, 2-methyltetramethylenehalonium, and 2,5-dimethyltetramethylenehalonium ions was written by Olah, George A.;Peterson, Paul E.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1968.Electric Literature of C5H11BrO This article mentions the following:

Tetramethylene-and 2-methyltetramethylenechloronium, -brominium, and -iodonium ions were formed by ionization of 1,4-dihalobutanes and 1,4-dihalopentanes, resp., in SbF5-SO2 solution at -60°. 2,5-Dimethyltetramethylenehalonium ions were formed by protonation of 5-halo-1-hexenes in fluorosulfonic acid-antimony pentafluoride-sulfur dioxide. Selected five-membered-ring halonium ions were shown by N.M.R. observation to be stable for brief periods of time even at temperatures in the range -30 to 0°, depending on the structure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4Electric Literature of C5H11BrO).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Electric Literature of C5H11BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

TCDA: Practical Synthesis and Application in the Trifluoromethylation of Arenes and Heteroarenes was written by Wang, Jian;Zhang, Xiaomin;Wan, Zehong;Ren, Feng. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2016.SDS of cas: 4457-67-4 This article mentions the following:

A practical synthesis of the reagent trimethylsilyl chlorodifluoroacetate (TCDA) is reported on a 50 g scale. The trifluoromethylation with TCDA was optimized, and the reaction shows very broad scope with respect to electron-deficient, -neutral, -rich aryl/heteroaryl iodides, as well as excellent functional group tolerability, such as ester, amide, aldehyde, hydroxyl, and carboxylic acid. The reagent was also applied to the late-stage trifluoromethylation of three medicinally relevant compounds Addnl., the building block trifluoromethylpyridine and one drug related mol. Boc-Fluoxetin were synthesized in 10 g scale by this method, demonstrating its practical applications in process chem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4SDS of cas: 4457-67-4).

1-Bromo-4-methoxybutane (cas: 4457-67-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.SDS of cas: 4457-67-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary