Tag: 100-200

Espina-Casado, Jorge; Fernandez-Gonzalez, Alfonso; Diaz-Garcia, Marta E.; Badia-Laino, Rosana published their research in Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical in 2021. The article was titled 《Smart carbon dots as chemosensor for control of water contamination in organic media》.Name: Methyl 3-bromopropanoate The article contains the following contents:

A novel nanoprobe was synthesized by functionalizing gluthatione/citric acid-carbon dots (CDs) with a benzo-isoquinolin-based mol., Me 3-(4-(2-(5-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)pentyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-6-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propanoate (water chemosensor, WCS), to detect trace amounts of water in non-aqueous media via on-off fluorescence. The design and synthesis of the free mol. WCS and the functionalized nanoprobe (CD-WCS) are described in detail and as well as their full characterization by different spectroscopic methods. WCS was found to be an excellent indicator of pH in aqueous media and exhibited, in solvents of different polarity, solvatochromic behavior. On the other hand, the modified fluorescence intensity of CD-WCS was found to be an excellent indicator for water in non-aqueous media (organic solvents and oil-based lubricants). In these media, CD-WCS showed weak fluorescence intensity due to a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process. Sequential addition of trace amount of water led to revival of CD-WCS fluorescence intensity. The fluorescence on-off mechanisms are proposed for WCS in aqueous media as well as for CD-WCS in non-aqueous media. The anal. performance characteristics of CD-WCS showed a limit of detection for water of 0.00021% (volume/volume) in toluene and 0.00014% volume/volume in base-oil lubricant. The potential application of CD-WCS as chemosensor of water contamination in oil-based lubricants as well as green anti-wear/anti-friction lubricant additive are outlined. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Methyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 3395-91-3Name: Methyl 3-bromopropanoate)

Methyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 3395-91-3) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Name: Methyl 3-bromopropanoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Journal of Colloid and Interface Science included an article by Zoratto, Nicole; Grillo, Isabelle; Matricardi, Pietro; Dreiss, Cecile A.. Safety of 4-Bromobutanoic acid. The article was titled 《Supramolecular gels of cholesterol-modified gellan gum with disc-like and worm-like micelles》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The association between a hydrophobically modified polysaccharide, gellan gum, with micelles based on a surfactant bearing the same hydrophobic tail as pendant groups was investigated by rheol. and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Gellan gum grafted with cholesterol groups (20% mol/mol tetrasaccharide unit), GeCh, was mixed with polyoxyethylene cholesteryl ether (ChEO10), which comprises a cholesterol group as the tail linked to a small polyoxyethylene headgroup, and self-assembles into micelles with an unusual disk-like morphol. The addition of 0.5% polymer to solutions of ChEO10 induced a remarkable transition from a Newtonian fluid to a predominantly solid-like viscoelastic behavior, leading to a ×105 increase in zero-shear viscosity (with 5% ChEO10). Increasing surfactant concentration led to an enhancement of the viscoelasticity, but the elastic modulus G’ reached a plateau around 15% surfactant, attributed to a saturation of the sticker groups. The effect of micellar morphol. on the network was studied by adding a small headgroup co-surfactant, triethylene glycol monododecyl ether, to ChEO10 micelles, which drives their elongation into wormlike micelles. Networks obtained with the long, flexible micelles displayed enhanced solid-like behavior, with no cross-over between G’ and G” over the measured range of frequencies, reflecting relaxation times of the order of minutes or hours. The morphol. of the gels studied by SANS revealed a scattering dominated by strongly interacting micelles (described by disks of 140 Å diameter and a hydrated ∼38 Å PEO corona) and the presence of micellar clusters induced by the presence of the polymer. The scattering data therefore confirm that the onset of gelation is due to surfactant micelles acting as junction points for the network. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 4-Bromobutanoic acid(cas: 2623-87-2Safety of 4-Bromobutanoic acid)

4-Bromobutanoic acid(cas: 2623-87-2) belongs to carboxylic acids. The chief chemical characteristic of the carboxylic acids is their acidity. They are generally more acidic than other organic compounds containing hydroxyl groups but are generally weaker than the familiar mineral acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, HCl, sulfuric acid, H2SO4, etc.).Safety of 4-Bromobutanoic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry included an article by Kobayashi, Yoichi; Mamiya, Yukie; Mutoh, Katsuya; Sotome, Hikaru; Koga, Masafumi; Miyasaka, Hiroshi; Abe, Jiro. Category: bromides-buliding-blocks. The article was titled 《Excited state dynamics for visible-light sensitization of a photochromic benzil-subsituted phenoxyl-imidazolyl radical complex》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Visible-light sensitized photoswitches have been paid particular attention in the fields of life sciences and materials science because long-wavelength light reduces photodegradation, transmits deep inside of matters, and achieves the selective excitation in condensed systems. Among various photoswitch mols., the phenoxyl-imidazolyl radical complex (PIC) is a recently developed thermally reversible photochromic mol. whose thermal back reaction can be tuned from tens of nanoseconds to tens of seconds by rational design of the mol. structure. While the wide range of tunability of the switching speed of PIC opened up various potential applications, no photosensitivity to visible light limits its applications. In this study, we synthesized a visible-light sensitized PIC derivative conjugated with a benzil unit. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy revealed that the benzil unit acts as a singlet photosensitizer for PIC by the Dexter-type energy transfer. Visible-light sensitized photochromic reactions of PIC are important for expanding the versatility of potential applications to life sciences and materials science. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of o-Bromobenzaldehyde(cas: 6630-33-7Category: bromides-buliding-blocks)

o-Bromobenzaldehyde(cas: 6630-33-7) is used in L-threonine aldolase-catalyzed enantio/diastereoselective aldol reactions.Category: bromides-buliding-blocksIt is a key starting material in the total synthesis of an anticancer agent, (-)-taxol.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Journal of the American Chemical Society included an article by Huang, Liangbin; Ackerman, Laura K. G.; Kang, Kai; Parsons, Astrid M.; Weix, Daniel J.. Quality Control of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate. The article was titled 《LiCl-Accelerated Multimetallic Cross-Coupling of Aryl Chlorides with Aryl Triflates》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

While the synthesis of biaryls has advanced rapidly in the past decades, cross-Ullman couplings of aryl chlorides, the most abundant aryl electrophiles, have remained elusive. Reported here is a general cross-Ullman coupling of aryl chlorides with aryl triflates. The selectivity challenge associated with coupling an inert electrophile with a reactive one is overcome using a multimetallic strategy with the appropriate choice of additive. Studies demonstrate that LiCl is essential for effective cross-coupling by accelerating the reduction of Ni(II) to Ni(0) and counteracting autoinhibition of reduction at Zn(0) by Zn(II) salts. The modified conditions tolerate a variety of functional groups on either coupling partner (42 examples), and examples include a three-step synthesis of flurbiprofen. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5Quality Control of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate)

Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate(cas: 2969-81-5) belongs to bromides. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents.Quality Control of Ethyl 4-bromobutyrate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry included an article by Nozawa-Kumada, Kanako; Kurosu, Satoshi; Shigeno, Masanori; Kondo, Yoshinori. Recommanded Product: 7073-94-1. The article was titled 《Peroxydisulfate-Mediated Transition-Metal-Free Oxidative C(sp3)-H Bond Lactonization》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

An inexpensive, powerful and eco-friendly method for transition-metal-free oxidative C(sp3)-H bond lactonization was developed using sodium peroxydisulfate as the sole oxidant. The cyclization of 2-alkylbenzoic acids containing a primary, secondary or tertiary carbon at the benzylic position proceeded smoothly, affording a variety of lactone derivatives Furthermore, various functional groups such as halogen, cyano, nitro and hydroxy groups were tolerated under the reaction conditions. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1Recommanded Product: 7073-94-1)

1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Due to the reactivity of bromide, they are used as potential precursors or important intermediates in organic synthesis. Recommanded Product: 7073-94-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Quality Control of EthylbromofluoroacetateOn November 12, 2020 ,《Discovery of an Orally Available Diazabicyclooctane Inhibitor (ETX0282) of Class A, C, and D Serine β-Lactamases》 appeared in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The author of the article were Durand-Reville, Thomas F.; Comita-Prevoir, Janelle; Zhang, Jing; Wu, Xiaoyun; May-Dracka, Tricia L.; Romero, Jan Antoinette C.; Wu, Frank; Chen, April; Shapiro, Adam B.; Carter, Nicole M.; McLeod, Sarah M.; Giacobbe, Robert A.; Verheijen, Jeroen C.; Lahiri, Sushmita D.; Sacco, Michael D.; Chen, Yu; O’Donnell, John P.; Miller, Alita A.; Mueller, John P.; Tommasi, Ruben A.. The article conveys some information:

Multidrug resistant Gram-neg. bacterial infections are an increasing public health threat due to rapidly rising resistance toward β-lactam antibiotics. The hydrolytic enzymes called β-lactamases are responsible for a large proportion of the resistance phenotype. β-Lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) can be administered in combination with β-lactam antibiotics to negate the action of the β-lactamases, thereby restoring activity of the β-lactam. Newly developed BLIs offer some advantage over older BLIs in terms of enzymic spectrum but are limited to the i.v. route of administration. Reported here is a novel, orally bioavailable diazabicyclooctane (DBO) β-lactamase inhibitor. This new DBO, ETX1317(I), contains an endocyclic carbon-carbon double bond and a fluoroacetate activating group and exhibits broad spectrum activity against class A, C, and D serine β-lactamases. The ester prodrug of ETX1317, ETX0282(II), is orally bioavailable and, in combination with cefpodoxime proxetil, is currently in development as an oral therapy for multidrug resistant and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales infections. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Ethylbromofluoroacetate(cas: 401-55-8Quality Control of Ethylbromofluoroacetate)

Ethylbromofluoroacetate(cas: 401-55-8) is a member of organofluorine compounds. Organofluorine compounds, which have carbon-fluorine bonds, show unique features such as high thermal and chemical stability, high surface activity, no light-absorbing ability, high pharmacological effect, and so on. Owing to their specific characters, they are indispensable chemicals for industry and our daily lives.Quality Control of Ethylbromofluoroacetate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Design, Synthesis, and Herbicidal Activity of Thioether Containing 1,2,4-Triazole Schiff Bases as Transketolase Inhibitors》 was written by Wang, Yan-En; Yang, Dongchen; Huo, Jingqian; Chen, Lai; Kang, Zhanhai; Mao, Jianyou; Zhang, Jinlin. Application of 7051-34-5This research focused ontriazole Schiff base preparation herbicidal activity transketolase inhibitor; 1,2,4-triazole Schiff bases; herbicidal activity; molecular docking; transketolase; weed resistance. The article conveys some information:

Transketolase (TK) represents a potential target for novel herbicide development. To discover novel TK inhibitors with potency against resistant weeds, 36 thioether compounds containing 1,2,4-triazole Schiff bases were designed and synthesized for herbicidal activity evaluation. The results demonstrated that compounds I and II provided excellent weed control with inhibition of over 90% against the tested weeds, even at concentrations as low as 100 mg/L in vitro. In addition, compounds I and II exhibited higher postemergence herbicidal activity than all of the pos. controls against the tested weeds at 50-90 g [active ingredient (ai)]/ha in a greenhouse, while being safe for crops of maize and wheat at 90 g (ai)/ha. Fluorescent binding experiments of At TK indicated that compounds I and II had strong TK inhibitory activity and could tightly bind with the enzyme At TK. Also, mol. docking analyses revealed that the structures of compounds I and II were suitable for TK inhibitory activity. Taken together, these results suggested that compounds I and II were promising herbicide candidates for weed control in wheat and maize fields targeting TK. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as (Bromomethyl)cyclopropane(cas: 7051-34-5Application of 7051-34-5)

(Bromomethyl)cyclopropane(cas: 7051-34-5) is used as a synthetic building block for the introduction of the cyclopropylmethyl group. It was also used in the synthesis of 1,4-dienes via iron-catalyzed cross-coupling with alkenyl Grignard reagents.Application of 7051-34-5

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2022,Galster, Florian; Postges, Timo; Hanekamp, Walburga; Lehr, Matthias published an article in Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim, Germany). The title of the article was 《ω-(5-Phenyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)alkyl-substituted hydrazides and related compounds as inhibitors of amine oxidase copper containing 3 (AOC3)》.Synthetic Route of C5H9BrO2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Recently, 6-(5-phenyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)hexan-1-amine was found to be a tight-binding substrate of AOC3. To obtain novel inhibitors of the enzyme, the amino group of this substrate was replaced with functional groups that occur in known AOC3 inhibitors, such as hydrazide or glycine amide moieties. In addition, derivatives of the compounds I [R = NHNH2, OEt, NH(CH2)2NH2, NH(CH2)3NH2, 3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)propylamino; n = 1, 2, 5, 6, etc.], II [R2 = HNC(O)CH2NH2, HNC(O)OPh, 2-(aminomethyl)imidazol-1-yl, etc.] obtained in this way were prepared The obtained hydrazide I [R = NHNH2; n = 6] which proved to be the most effective, was subjected to further structural modifications. Selected hydrazides I [R = NHNH2; n = 1, 6] were evaluated for selectivity toward some other amine oxidases. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 539-74-2Synthetic Route of C5H9BrO2)

Ethyl 3-bromopropanoate(cas: 539-74-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. Synthetic Route of C5H9BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2022,Cromwell, Simon; Sutio, Randy; Zhang, Changhe; Such, Georgina K.; Lupton, David W. published an article in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The title of the article was 《Lewis Base Catalyzed Synthesis of Sulfur Heterocycles via the C1-Pyridinium Enolate》.Formula: C4H7BrO2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Herein, a reaction cascade in which a C1-pyridinium enolate undergos addition to dithioesters, trithiocarbonates and xanthates was reported. The reaction provided access to a range of dihydrothiophenes I [R = cyclohexyl, Ph, SBn, etc.; R1 = R2 = H; R1 = Me; R2 = CN, Ph] and dihydrothiopyrans II [R3 = H, Me, OMe, F] and III [R4 = H, Me, F]. Mechanistic investigations, including isolation of intermediates, electronic correlation, and kinetic isotope effect studies support the viability of an activated acid intermediate giving rise to the C1-pyridinium enolate which undergoes turnover limiting cyclization. Subsequent formation of a β-thiolactone regenerates the catalyst with loss of carbon oxysulfide providing the observed products. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4-Bromobutanoic acid(cas: 2623-87-2Formula: C4H7BrO2)

4-Bromobutanoic acid(cas: 2623-87-2) belongs to carboxylic acids. The chief chemical characteristic of the carboxylic acids is their acidity. They are generally more acidic than other organic compounds containing hydroxyl groups but are generally weaker than the familiar mineral acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, HCl, sulfuric acid, H2SO4, etc.).Formula: C4H7BrO2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Journal of the American Chemical Society included an article by Yabushita, Kenya; Yuasa, Akihiro; Nagao, Kazunori; Ohmiya, Hirohisa. Application of 7073-94-1. The article was titled 《Asymmetric Catalysis Using Aromatic Aldehydes as Chiral α-Alkoxyalkyl Anions》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

We have developed a new umpolung strategy for catalytically forming a chiral α-alkoxyalkyl anion from an aromatic aldehyde for use in asym. synthesis. The reaction between aromatic aldehydes and aryl or allyl electrophiles with a silylboronate utilizing a chiral copper-N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst and a palladium-bisphosphine catalyst in a synergistic manner occurred with high enantioselectivities to deliver the three-component coupling products, chiral silyl-protected secondary alc. derivatives Our method features the catalytic generation of enantioenriched chiral α-alkoxyalkylcopper(I) intermediates from aldehydes and their subsequent palladium-catalyzed stereospecific cross-coupling. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1Application of 7073-94-1)

1-Bromo-2-isopropylbenzene(cas: 7073-94-1) belongs to organobromine compounds.Depending on the type of carbon to which the bromine is bonded, organic bromide could be alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or aryl. Application of 7073-94-1 Alkyl bromides are mainly used as alkylating agents and also find application as a solvent to extract oil from seeds and wool.

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary