Tag: 200-300

Visible-Light-Mediated Remote γ-C(sp³)-H Functionalization of Alkylimidates: Synthesis of 4-Iodo-3,4-dihydropyrrole Derivatives was written by Kumar, Yogesh;Jaiswal, Yogesh;Kumar, Amit. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Safety of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

Alkyl imidates underwent green and chemoselective, regioselective, and diastereoselective photochem. cyclization and iodination under blue LED irradiation mediated by NaI and iodobenzene diacetate to yield alkoxyiodopyrrolines such as I in 28-75% yields and in 2.7:1-19:1 dr. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Safety of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Safety of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of esters by rhodium(I)-catalyzed borate ester-benzylic bromide carbonylation reactions was written by Woell, James B.;Alper, Howard. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1984.Quality Control of Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate This article mentions the following:

RCH₂CO₂R¹ (R = Ph, m– or p-tolyl, o-BrC₆H₄, 2-naphthyl; R¹ = C₂-C₄ alkyl) were obtained in 46-100% yields by bubbling CO through a mixture of RCH₂Br, B(OR¹)₃, and 1,5-hexadienerhodium chloride dimer at 75°/1 atm. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7Quality Control of Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate).

Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate (cas: 2178-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Quality Control of Ethyl (2-bromophenyl)acetate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Novel Multitarget-Directed Ligands Aiming at Symptoms and Causes of Alzheimer’s Disease was written by Wieckowska, Anna;Wichur, Tomasz;Godyn, Justyna;Bucki, Adam;Marcinkowska, Monika;Siwek, Agata;Wieckowski, Krzysztof;Zareba, Paula;Knez, Damijan;Gluch-Lutwin, Monika;Kazek, Grzegorz;Latacz, Gniewomir;Mika, Kamil;Kolaczkowski, Marcin;Korabecny, Jan;Soukup, Ondrej;Benkova, Marketa;Kiec-Kononowicz, Katarzyna;Gobec, Stanislav;Malawska, Barbara. And the article was included in ACS Chemical Neuroscience in 2018.Reference of 954-81-4 This article mentions the following:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a major public health problem, which is due to its increasing prevalence and lack of effective therapy or diagnostics. The complexity of the AD pathomechanism requires complex treatment, e.g. multifunctional ligands targeting both the causes and symptoms of the disease. Here, we present new multitarget-directed ligands combining pharmacophore fragments that provide a blockade of serotonin 5-HT₆ receptors, acetyl/butyrylcholinesterase inhibition, and amyloid β antiaggregation activity. Compound I has displayed balanced activity as an antagonist of 5-HT₆ receptors (K_i = 18 nM) and noncompetitive inhibitor of cholinesterases (IC_50hAChE = 14 nM, IC_50eqBuChE = 22 nM). In further in vitro studies, compound I has shown amyloid β antiaggregation activity (IC₅₀ = 1.27 μM) and ability to permeate through the blood-brain barrier. The presented findings may provide an excellent starting point for further studies and facilitate efforts to develop new effective anti-AD therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4Reference of 954-81-4).

N-(5-Bromopentyl)phthalimide (cas: 954-81-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Reference of 954-81-4

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of 5,5′-dibromo-6,6′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bisoxythionaphthene was written by Griffith, R. H.;Hope, Edward. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions in 1925.HPLC of Formula: 169045-04-9 This article mentions the following:

5-Bromo-2-acetylamino-p-tolyl Me ether (I), m. 191°; hydrolysis with concentrated HCl gives the amine, m. 100° (Bz derivative, m. 159°); the azo dye with β-C₁₀H₇OH, red needles with green luster, m. 210°. Diazotized and reduced with SnCl₄, the amine gives a hydrazine, pale brown, m. 192°, which, on treatment with CuSO₄ and oxidation with alk. KMnO₄, yields 3-bromoanisic acid, m. 217-8°. Since the 2-Br derivative is recorded as m. 212°, it was synthesized from 2-bromo-p-tolyl Me ether, b₁₆ 114° b₇₆₀ 222°, and found to m. 199°. Oxidation of I with KMnO₄ in the presence of MgSO₄ gives about 70% of 5-bromo-2-acetylamino-4-methoxybenzoic acid, m. 253°; hydrolysis with concentrated HCl gives 4-bromo-m-anisidine, m. 90.5° (Bz derivative m. 124°); hydrolysis with alkali gives 5-bromo-2-amino-4-methoxy-benzoic acid, pale brown, m. 201°, decomposed 213° (Na salt, long needles; Cu salt, green). Diazotized, treated with Na₂S₂ and boiled with Zn dust in Na₂CO₃ solution, it yields 5-bromo-4-methoxy-2-thiolbenzoic acid, which, because of its ease of oxidation, is used as the Na salt in the condensation with ClCH₂CO₂H, forming 4-bromo-2-carboxy-5-methoxy-phenylthiolacetic acid (II), pale brown, m. 243° (decomposition). Heated with AcONa and Ac₂O, dissolved in 3% alkali and treated with K₃Fe(CN)₆, it gives 5,5′-dibromo-6,6′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bisoxythionaphthene (III), dark red, m. 355-60°; the dye is reprecipitated from its deep blue solution in concentrated H₂SO₄ in a gelatinous state very suitable for the preparation of the vat, which is pale yellow and dyes cloth a good scarlet. The PhNO₂ solution shows an absorption band with a maximum at λ = 529; “Helindone Fast Scarlet R” shows a similar band with a maximum at λ = 520. II and isatin give the compound C₁₇H₁₀O₃N-BrS (IV), which has a much bluer shade than III; its H₂SO₄ solution is purple but its dyeing properties are unsatisfactory, probably on account of further reaction during reduction. II and acenaphthenequinone give an orange powder (V), m. 337°, giving dark brown solutions in concentrated H₂SO₄ and dyeing cloth a good orange from a bright blue bath. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Amino-5-bromo-4-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 169045-04-9HPLC of Formula: 169045-04-9).

2-Amino-5-bromo-4-methoxybenzoic acid (cas: 169045-04-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. HPLC of Formula: 169045-04-9

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Simultaneous complementary photoswitching of hemithioindigo tweezers for dynamic guest relocalization was written by Wiedbrauk, Sandra;Bartelmann, Thomas;Thumser, Stefan;Mayer, Peter;Dube, Henry. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2018.Recommanded Product: 2,5-Dibromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene This article mentions the following:

Remote control of complex mol. behavior and function is one key problem in modern chem. Using light signaling for this purpose has many advantages, however the integration of different photo processes into a wholesome yet complex system is highly challenging. Here we report an alternative approach to increase complexity of light control-simultaneous complementary photoswitching-in which spectral overlap is used as an advantage to drastically reduce the signaling needed for controlling multipart supramol. assemblies. Two photoswitchable mol. tweezers respond to the same light signals with opposite changes in their binding affinities. In this way the configuration of two host tweezers and ultimately the dynamic relocation of a guest mol. can be trigged by only one signal reversibly in the same solution This approach should provide a powerful tool for the construction of sophisticated, integrated, and multi-responsive smart mol. systems in any application driven field of chem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,5-Dibromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 100189-84-2Recommanded Product: 2,5-Dibromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene).

2,5-Dibromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene (cas: 100189-84-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Recommanded Product: 2,5-Dibromo-1,3-dimethylbenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Cascade Cyclization for the Synthesis of Isoindolo[2,1-a]quinoxalines was written by Li, Ling;Liu, Zhen-Ting;Hu, Xiang-Ping. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

A copper-catalyzed one-pot cascade cyclization of 2-(1-(acetyloxy)propargyl)benzaldehydes with o-phenylenediamines for an access to substituted isoindolo[2,1-a]quinoxalines has been developed. The reaction features readily available starting materials, simple operational procedure, and broad substrate scopes. Under optimal conditions, various isoindolo[2,1-a]quinoxalines were afforded in 41-88% yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde).

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Application In Synthesis of 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Mechanochemical synthesis of magnesium-based carbon nucleophiles in air and their use in organic synthesis was written by Takahashi, Rina;Hu, Anqi;Gao, Pan;Gao, Yunpeng;Pang, Yadong;Seo, Tamae;Jiang, Julong;Maeda, Satoshi;Takaya, Hikaru;Kubota, Koji;Ito, Hajime. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl This article mentions the following:

Since the discovery of Grignard reagents in 1900, the nucleophilic addition of magnesium-based carbon nucleophiles to various electrophiles has become one of the most powerful, versatile, and well-established methods for the formation of carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis. Grignard reagents are typically prepared via reactions between organic halides and magnesium metal in a solvent. However, this method usually requires the use of dry organic solvents, long reaction times, strict control of the reaction temperature, and inert-gas-line techniques. Despite the utility of Grignard reagents, these requirements still represent major drawbacks from both an environmental and an economic perspective, and often cause reproducibility problems. Herein, the general mechanochem. synthesis of magnesium-based carbon nucleophiles (Grignard reagents in paste form) in air using a ball milling technique is reported. These nucleophiles can be used directly for one-pot nucleophilic addition reactions with various electrophiles and nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions under solvent-free conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl).

4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Application In Synthesis of 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

New ianthelliformisamine derivatives as antibiotic enhancers against resistant gram-negative bacteria was written by Pieri, Cyril;Borselli, Diane;Di Giorgio, Carole;De Meo, Michel;Bolla, Jean-Michel;Vidal, Nicolas;Combes, Sebastien;Brunel, Jean Michel. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

A series consisting of ianthelliformisamimes A, B, and C as well as its synthetic analogs was prepared in high chem. yield, from 27 to 91%, using peptide coupling as the key step, and the compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibiotic enhancer properties against resistant Gram-neg. bacteria and clin. isolates. The mechanism of action of one of these derivatives against Pseudomonas aeruginosa when combined with doxycycline was precisely evaluated utilizing bioluminescence to measure ATP efflux and fluorescence to evaluate membrane depolarization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Application In Synthesis of 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Application In Synthesis of 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation Reactions of Aryl Bromides at Atmospheric Pressure: A General System Based on Xantphos was written by Martinelli, Joseph R.;Watson, Donald A.;Freckmann, Dominique M. M.;Barder, Timothy E.;Buchwald, Stephen L.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2008.Quality Control of Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate This article mentions the following:

A method for the Pd-catalyzed carbonylation of aryl bromides has been developed using Xantphos as the ligand. This method is effective for the direct synthesis of Weinreb amides, 1° and 2° benzamides, and Me esters from the corresponding aryl bromides at atm. pressure. In addition, a putative catalytic intermediate, (Xantphos)Pd(Br)benzoyl, was prepared and an X-ray crystal structure was obtained revealing an unusual cis-coordination mode of Xantphos in this palladium-acyl complex. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9Quality Control of Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate).

Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Quality Control of Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Copper is an endogenous modulator of neural circuit spontaneous activity was written by Dodani, Sheel C.;Firl, Alana;Chan, Jefferson;Nam, Christine I.;Aron, Allegra T.;Onak, Carl S.;Ramos-Torres, Karla M.;Paek, Jaeho;Webster, Corey M.;Feller, Marla B.;Chang, Christopher J.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2014.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate This article mentions the following:

For reasons that remain insufficiently understood, the brain requires among the highest levels of metals in the body for normal function. The traditional paradigm for this organ and others is that fluxes of alkali and alk. earth metals are required for signaling, but transition metals are maintained in static, tightly bound reservoirs for metabolism and protection against oxidative stress. Here we show that copper is an endogenous modulator of spontaneous activity, a property of functional neural circuitry. Using Copper Fluor-3 (CF3), a new fluorescent Cu+ sensor for one- and two-photon imaging, we show that neurons and neural tissue maintain basal stores of loosely bound copper that can be attenuated by chelation, which define a labile copper pool. Targeted disruption of these labile copper stores by acute chelation or genetic knockdown of the CTR1 (copper transporter 1) copper channel alters the spatiotemporal properties of spontaneous activity in developing hippocampal and retinal circuits. The data identify an essential role for copper neuronal function and suggest broader contributions of this transition metal to cell signaling. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate (cas: 107317-58-8Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate).

Methyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate (cas: 107317-58-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary