《Chemical Targeting of Voltage Sensitive Dyes to Specific Cells and Molecules in the Brain》 was written by Fiala, Tomas; Wang, Jihang; Dunn, Matthew; Sebej, Peter; Choi, Se Joon; Nwadibia, Ekeoma C.; Fialova, Eva; Martinez, Diana M.; Cheetham, Claire E.; Fogle, Keri J.; Palladino, Michael J.; Freyberg, Zachary; Sulzer, David; Sames, Dalibor. Quality Control of Ethyl 5-bromovalerateThis research focused onvoltage sensitive fluorescent dye brain. The article conveys some information:
Voltage sensitive fluorescent dyes (VSDs) are important tools for probing signal transduction in neurons and other excitable cells. The impact of these highly lipophilic sensors has, however, been limited due to the lack of cell-specific targeting methods in brain tissue or living animals. The authors address this key challenge by introducing a nongenetic mol. platform for cell- and mol.-specific targeting of synthetic VSDs in the brain. The authors employ a dextran polymer particle to overcome the inherent lipophilicity of VSDs by dynamic encapsulation and high-affinity ligands to target the construct to specific neuronal cells utilizing only native components of the neurotransmission machinery at physiol. expression levels. Dichloropane, a monoamine transporter ligand, enables targeting of dense dopaminergic axons in the mouse striatum and sparse noradrenergic axons in the mouse cortex in acute brain slices. PFQX in conjunction with ligand-directed acyl imidazole chem. enables covalent labeling of AMPA-type glutamate receptors in the same brain regions. Probe variants bearing either a classical electrochromic ANEP dye or state-of-the-art VoltageFluor-type dye respond to membrane potential changes in a similar manner to the parent dyes, as shown by whole-cell patch recording. The authors demonstrate the feasibility of optical voltage recording with the probes in brain tissue with one-photon and two-photon fluorescence microscopy and define the signal limits of optical voltage imaging with synthetic sensors under a low photon budget determined by the native expression levels of the target proteins. This work demonstrates the feasibility of a chem. targeting approach and expands the possibilities of cell-specific imaging and pharmacol. After reading the article, we found that the author used Ethyl 5-bromovalerate(cas: 14660-52-7Quality Control of Ethyl 5-bromovalerate)
Ethyl 5-bromovalerate(cas: 14660-52-7) belongs to bromides. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Quality Control of Ethyl 5-bromovalerate
Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary