Tag: 200-300

The kinetics of the reactions of picryl chloride with some substituted anilines. Part 6. 4-Substituted and 3,4-disubstituted anilines was written by Emokpae, Thomas A.;Eguavoen, Osa;Khalil-Ur-Rahman;Hirst, Jack. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry (1972-1999) in 1980.Safety of 3,4-Dibromoaniline This article mentions the following:

Arrhenius parameters were determined for the reactions of picryl chloride in MeCN with substituted anilines: 4-RC₆H₄NH₂ (R = F, Cl, Br, iodo, Me, OMe), 3,4-R₂C₆H₃NH₂ (R = Cl, Br, Me, OMe), 4,3-R(O₂N)C₆H₃NH₂ (R = F, Cl, Me), 3,4-R(MeO)C₆H₃NH₂ (R = F, Cl, Br, iodo), 3,4-F(O₂N)C₆H₃NH₂ and 3,4,5-(MeO)₃C₆H₂NH₂. In the 3,4-disubstituted series the effect of 2 Me groups on the free energy of activation is strictly additive, but for the rest the measured rate constants are greater than those calculated on the assumption of additivity. The results are rationalized in terms of the positions of the transition states on the reaction coordinate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,4-Dibromoaniline (cas: 615-55-4Safety of 3,4-Dibromoaniline).

3,4-Dibromoaniline (cas: 615-55-4) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Safety of 3,4-Dibromoaniline

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Undecahydro-closo-dodecaborates as good leaving groups in organic synthesis: generation of substituted styrenes via elimination of arylethyl dodecaborates was written by Genady, Afaf R.;Nakamura, Hiroyuki. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2010.COA of Formula: C9H11BrO This article mentions the following:

New functionalized arylethyl undecahydro-closo-dodecaborates (S,S-disubstituted [B₁₂H₁₁SH]^2-, N,N-disubstituted [B₁₂H₁₁NH₃]^– and O-substituted [B₁₂H₁₁OH]^2-) are prepared by a simple one-step reaction. Moderate to good yields are obtained in the presence of various functional aryl groups. The synthesis of functionalized styrene derivatives can be readily achieved by treating arylethyl undecahydro-closo-dodecaborates with various bases. The scope and limitations of this procedure are demonstrated by investigating an array of alkylated dodecaborates. Based on an E2 elimination reaction, we identify the mechanistic pathway for dealkylation of arylethyl dodecaborates. Mechanistic studies indicate the following essential requirements to promote the elimination reaction: (i) the presence of α-CH acidity of the phenethyl group; (ii) steric hindrance; (iii) a substituted heteroatom on the closo-[B₁₂H₁₁]^2- cage and (iv) the presence of an electron-withdrawing group on the aromatic ring. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0COA of Formula: C9H11BrO).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.COA of Formula: C9H11BrO

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

A Biocatalytic Platform for Synthesis of Chiral α-Trifluoromethylated Organoborons was written by Huang, Xiongyi;Garcia-Borras, Marc;Miao, Kun;Kan, S. B. Jennifer;Zutshi, Arjun;Houk, K. N.;Arnold, Frances H.. And the article was included in ACS Central Science in 2019.Safety of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

There are few biocatalytic transformations that produce fluorine-containing mols. prevalent in modern pharmaceuticals. To expand the scope of biocatalysis for organofluorine synthesis, we have developed an enzymic platform for highly enantioselective carbene B-H bond insertion to yield versatile α-trifluoromethylated (α-CF₃) organoborons, an important class of organofluorine mols. that contain stereogenic centers bearing both CF₃ and boron groups. In contrast to current “carbene transferase” enzymes that use a limited set of simple diazo compounds as carbene precursors, this system based on Rhodothermus marinus cytochrome c (Rma cyt c) can accept a broad range of trifluorodiazo alkanes and deliver versatile chiral α-CF₃ organoborons with total turnovers up to 2870 and enantiomeric ratios up to 98.5:1.5. Computational modeling reveals that this broad diazo scope is enabled by an active-site environment that directs the alkyl substituent on the heme CF₃-carbene intermediate toward the solvent-exposed face, thereby allowing the protein to accommodate diazo compounds with diverse structural features. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Safety of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Safety of 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Scalable anti-Markovnikov hydrobromination of aliphatic and aromatic olefins was written by Galli, Marzia;Fletcher, Catherine J.;del Pozo, Marc;Goldup, Stephen M.. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2016.Recommanded Product: 57293-19-3 This article mentions the following:

To improve access to a key synthetic intermediate a direct hydrobromination-Negishi route was targeted. Unsurprisingly, the anti-Markovnikov addition of HBr to estragole in the presence of AIBN proved successful. However, even in the absence of an added initiator, anti-Markovnikov addition was observed Re-examination of early reports revealed that selective Markovnikov addition, often simply termed “normal” addition, was not always observed with HBr unless air was excluded, leading to the rediscovery of a reproducible and scalable initiator-free protocol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Recommanded Product: 57293-19-3).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Recommanded Product: 57293-19-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Facile, direct reaction of benzaldehydes to 3-arylprop-2-enoic acids and 3-arylprop-2-ynoic acids in aqueous medium was written by Thiemann, Thies;Elshorbagy, Mohamed W.;Salem, Mostafa H. F. A.;Ahmadani, Siraj A. N.;Al-Jasem, Yosef;Al Azani, Mariam;Al-Sulaibi, Mazen A. M.;Al-Hindawi, Bassam. And the article was included in International Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2016.Recommanded Product: 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

Wittig reactions of benzaldehydes, alkanals, and cycloalkanals as well as of acetophenones are carried out with alkoxycarbonyl methylidenetriphenylphosphoranes in 10 w% aqueous NaOH, where the cinnamates and alkenoates produced are hydrolyzed in situ and the corresponding acids are obtained after mostly simple extractive work-up, often without employing organic solvents. Under the same conditions, benzaldehydes are reacted with alkoxycarbonyl bromomethylidenephosphorane to produce 3-arylprop-2-ynoic acids (arylpropiolic acids). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Recommanded Product: 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Recommanded Product: 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Synthesis of S-alkylisothiuronium halides by reaction of thiourea with ω-(4-hydroxyaryl)alkyl halides was written by Kandalintseva, N. V.;Prosenko, A. E.;Dyubchenko, O. I.;Stoyanov, E. S.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry (Translation of Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii) in 2001.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A number of new S-arylalkylisothiuronium salts, e.g., I, were synthesized by reaction of ω-[4-hydroxy(methoxy)aryl]alkyl halides with thiourea. The resulting isothiuronium salts in aqueous solution react with sodium (potassium) halides to form halogen exchange products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Radical trifunctionalization of hexenenitrile via remote cyano migration was written by Chang, Chenyang;Zhang, Huihui;Wu, Xinxin;Zhu, Chen. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2022.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A novel radical-mediated trifunctionalization of hexenenitriles via the strategy of remote functional group migration is disclosed. A portfolio of functionalized hexenenitriles are employed as substrates. After difunctionalization of the unactivated alkenyl part via remote cyano migration, the in situ formed radical intermediate is captured by an azido radical, thus enabling the trifunctionalization. The reaction features mild conditions and broad functional group compatibility, leading to valuable products bearing multiple useful groups. This protocol further extends the scope of remote functional group migration. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

N,C-Disubstituted Biarylpalladacycles as Precatalysts for ppm Pd-Catalyzed Cross Couplings in Water under Mild Conditions was written by Thakore, Ruchita R.;Takale, Balaram S.;Gallou, Fabrice;Reilly, John;Lipshutz, Bruce H.. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2019.Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate This article mentions the following:

Various mono- and di-substitution patterns on the parent biarylamine skeleton characteristic of palladacycles, as well as the counterion effect, have been studied looking to increase the effectiveness of the catalyst formed under micellar catalysis conditions in water, with the goal of reducing the amount of Pd needed for coupling reactions. Several substituted palladacycles containing readily accessible ligands were chosen for evaluation. The results indicate that: (1) pre-activation of Pd(II) salts as precursors for Suzuki-Miyaura (SM) couplings via treatment with a reducing agent is not required; (2) reactions could be performed with ca. half the loading of Pd relative to that previously required based on a combination of a Pd(II) salt and ligand; (3) the most effective palladacycle pre-catalyst has been identified as that containing an iso-Pr group on both an aryl ring and on nitrogen, together with the ligand EvanPhos and triflate as the counterion. This pre-catalyst is also effective in other C-C bond forming reactions, such as Heck and Sonogashira couplings. No organic solvents were needed for these processes, while the aqueous reaction medium could be recycled several times. A 1-pot, 4-step sequence involving Suzuki-Miyaura, reduction, alkylation, and acylation reactions highlights the potential for this pre-catalyst to maximize synthetic gain while minimizing costs and waste generation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate).

Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Systematic Investigation of Halogen Bonding in Protein-Ligand Interactions was written by Hardegger, Leo A.;Kuhn, Bernd;Spinnler, Beat;Anselm, Lilli;Ecabert, Robert;Stihle, Martine;Gsell, Bernard;Thoma, Ralf;Diez, Joachim;Benz, Joerg;Plancher, Jean-Marc;Hartmann, Guido;Banner, David W.;Haap, Wolfgang;Diederich, Francois. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2011.Name: 1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid This article mentions the following:

Halogen bonding triggers activity. Increasing binding affinity was observed for a series of covalent human Cathepsin L inhibitors by exchanging an aryl ring H atom with Cl, Br, and I, which undergo halogen bonding with the C=O group of Gly61 in the S3 pocket of the enzyme. Fluorine, in contrast, strongly avoids halogen bonding. The strong distance and angle dependence of halogen bonding was confirmed for biol. systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (cas: 872422-15-6Name: 1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid).

1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (cas: 872422-15-6) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Name: 1-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship evaluation of novel LpxC inhibitors as Gram-negative antibacterial agents was written by Ding, Shi;Dai, Rui-Yang;Wang, Wen-Ke;Cao, Qiao;Lan, Le-Fu;Zhou, Xian-Li;Yang, Yu-She. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2018.Name: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate This article mentions the following:

LpxC inhibitors are new-type antibacterial agents developed in the last twenty years, mainly against Gram-neg. bacteria infections. To develop novel LpxC inhibitors with good antibacterial activities and biol. metabolism, the authors summarized the basic skeleton of reported LpxC inhibitors, designed and synthesized several series of compounds and tested their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. Structure-activity relations are discussed. The metabolism stability of YDL-2, YDL-5, YDL-8, YDL-14, YDL-20-YDL-23 were evaluated in liver microsomes, which indicated that the 2-amino iso-Pr group may be a preferred structure than the 2-hydroxy Et group in the design of LpxC inhibitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2Name: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate).

Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Name: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary