Tag: 200-300

Bench-Stable Stock Solutions of Silicon Grignard Reagents: Application to Iron- and Cobalt-Catalyzed Radical C(sp³)-Si Cross-Coupling Reactions was written by Xue, Weichao;Shishido, Ryosuke;Oestreich, Martin. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2018.SDS of cas: 14425-64-0 This article mentions the following:

A robust method for the preparation of silicon-based magnesium reagents is reported. The MgBr₂ used in the lithium-to-magnesium transmetalation step is generated in situ from 1,2-dibromoethane and elemental magnesium in hot THF. No precipitation of MgBr₂ occurs in the heat, and transmetalation at elevated temperature leads to homogeneous stock solutions of the silicon Grignard reagents that are stable and storable in the fridge. This method avoids the preparation of silicon pronucleophiles such as Si-Si and Si-B reagents. The new Grignard reagents were applied to unprecedented iron- and cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl bromides. The functional-group tolerance of these magnesium reagents is excellent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0SDS of cas: 14425-64-0).

1-(2-Bromoethyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 14425-64-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.SDS of cas: 14425-64-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Impact of Entropic Effects in the Classical Resolution of a 2-Arylpyrrolidine was written by Barnes, David M.;Barkalow, Jufang;Chen, Yong;Gupta, Ashok;Haight, Anthony R.;Hengeveld, John E.;Kerdesky, Francis A. J.;Kotecki, Brian J.;Macri, Bryan;Pal, Agnes. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2009.Product Details of 179232-29-2 This article mentions the following:

The impact of entropic effects on the classical salt resolution of a 2-arylpyrrolidine I·D-tartrate is described. The crystallization of a racemic mixture of the base with tartaric acid led to a salt in which the undesired enantiomer is incorporated into the crystal lattice as a solid solution The product enantiomer ratio was later determined to be at the thermodn. well when the racemate is crystallized In order to circumvent this effect, an efficient two-crystallization resolution was developed. The bulk of the undesired enantiomer is removed in the first crystallization so that the second crystallization can result in material of acceptable optical purity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2Product Details of 179232-29-2).

Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Product Details of 179232-29-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Carbonylative cycloaddition between two different alkenes enabled by reactive directing groups: expedited construction of bridged polycyclic skeletons was written by Gao, Bingjian;Zou, Suchen;Yang, Guoqing;Ding, Yongzheng;Huang, Hanmin. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020.Name: 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde This article mentions the following:

A novel palladium-catalyzed highly selective hydrocarbonylative cycloaddition reaction with two different alkenes in the presence of CO enabled by a reactive directing-group is developed, which offered efficient and convenient access to lactone-containing bridged polycyclic compounds in high yield with high chemo- and stereoselectivities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7Name: 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde).

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde (cas: 85118-24-7) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Name: 2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzaldehyde

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Structure-activity comparison in palladium-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed arene C-H activation- functionalization was written by Mondal, Moumita;Choudhury, Joyanta. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 35065-86-2 This article mentions the following:

A simple and efficient C-H activation catalyst was identified through a model structure-activity screening applied to a noncooperative, nonsym. bimetallic palladium(II)-N-heterocyclic carbene complex. Mechanistic studies based on kinetics and DOSY NMR spectroscopy provided the origin of the higher efficiency of the identified catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2HPLC of Formula: 35065-86-2).

3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.HPLC of Formula: 35065-86-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Blue Phosphorescence with High Quantum Efficiency Engaging the Trifluoromethylsulfonyl Group to Iridium Phenylpyridine Complexes was written by Kim, Jin-Hyoung;Kim, So-Yoen;Jang, Seol;Yi, Seungjun;Cho, Dae Won;Son, Ho-Jin;Kang, Sang Ook. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 454-65-9 This article mentions the following:

Incorporation of an electron-withdrawing – SO₂CF₃ substituent to cyclometalating CN̂-phenylpyridine (ppy) ligand resulted in an expected blue-shifted phosphorescence in the corresponding homoleptic Ir(ppySCF₃)₃ complex, showing the emission of λ_em = 464 nm at 300 K. One of its heteroleptic derivatives, modified by a pyrazolyl borate LX ligand, Ir(ppySCF₃)₂(bor), exhibited further blue-shifted phosphorescence of λ_em = 460 nm at 300 K. Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and d.-functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the efficacy of the electron-withdrawing capability of the SO₂CF₃ substituent lowering HOMO energy, and obtained widened bandgaps and resumed blue emissions for all of the Ir complexes studied. The homoleptic complexes of both substituents, Ir(ppySCF₃)₃ and Ir(ppySF)₃, reached the higher quantum yields (Φ_PL) of (0.89 and 0.72), resp. Similarly, emission quantum yields (Φ_PL) of the heteroleptic derivatives were reported to be (0.75, 0.83, and 0.87) for Ir(ppySCF₃)₂(acac), Ir(ppySCF₃)₂(bor), and Ir(ppySCF₃)₂(pic), resp. Emission kinetics support the enhanced quantum efficiency when k_r and k_nr values are compared between Ir(ppySCF₃)₃ and Ir(ppySF)₃, and both values favorably contribute to attaining a higher quantum efficiency for Ir(ppySCF₃)₃. Among solution-processed multilayered devices having an ITO/PEDOT:PSS/TCTA:Ir dopant (10:1, weight/weight)/TmPyPB/Liq/Al structure, a heteroleptic dopant, Ir(ppySCF₃)₂(bor), exhibited better device performance, reporting an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 1.14%, current efficiency (CE) of 2.31 cd A^-1, and power efficiency (PE) of 1.21 lm W^1-, together with blue chromaticity of CIE_x,y = (0.16, 0.32). Blue phosphorescence of Ir(III) complexes can be tuned with the introducing of strong electron withdrawing substituents and the variation in the ancillary ligands. Crystallog. data are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromobenzene-1-sulfonyl fluoride (cas: 454-65-9HPLC of Formula: 454-65-9).

3-Bromobenzene-1-sulfonyl fluoride (cas: 454-65-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.HPLC of Formula: 454-65-9

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Phenoxyaromatic Acid Analogues as Novel Radiotherapy Sensitizers: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation was written by Zhang, Hongquan;Wen, Chunxi;Li, Bingting;Yan, Xinlin;Xu, Yangrong;Guo, Jialin;Hou, Shi;Chang, Jiajia;Li, Song;Xiao, Junhai. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Computed Properties of C6H5BrClN This article mentions the following:

Radiotherapy is a vital approach for brain tumor treatment. The standard treatment for glioblastoma (GB) is maximal surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the non-sensitivity of tumor cells in the hypoxic area of solid tumors to radiotherapy may cause radioresistance. Therefore, radiotherapy sensitizers that increase the oxygen concentration within the tumor are promising for increasing the effectiveness of radiation. Inspired by Hb allosteric oxygen release regulators, a series of novel phenoxyacetic acid analogs were designed and synthesized. A numerical method was applied to determine the activity and safety of newly synthesized compounds In vitro studies on the evaluation of red blood cells revealed that compounds 19c (ΔP₅₀ = 45.50 mmHg) and 19t (ΔP₅₀ = 44.38 mmHg) improve the oxygen-releasing property effectively compared to pos. control efaproxiral (ΔP₅₀ = 36.40 mmHg). Preliminary safety evaluation revealed that 19c exhibited no cytotoxicity towards HEK293 and U87MG cells, while 19t was cytotoxic toward both cells with no selectivity. An in vivo activity assay confirmed that 19c exhibited a radiosensitization effect on orthotopically transplanted GB in mouse brains. Moreover, a pharmacokinetic study in rats showed that 19c was orally available. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromo-5-chlorophenylamine (cas: 96558-78-0Computed Properties of C6H5BrClN).

3-Bromo-5-chlorophenylamine (cas: 96558-78-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants, and in fact fire-retardant manufacture is currently the major industrial use of the element bromine.Computed Properties of C6H5BrClN

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Discovery of S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Inhibitors: Potential Agents for the Treatment of Asthma and Other Inflammatory Diseases was written by Sun, Xicheng;Wasley, Jan W. F.;Qiu, Jian;Blonder, Joan P.;Stout, Adam M.;Green, Louis S.;Strong, Sarah A.;Colagiovanni, Dorothy B.;Richards, Jane P.;Mutka, Sarah C.;Chun, Lawrence;Rosenthal, Gary J.. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2011.Application of 35065-86-2 This article mentions the following:

S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) regulates S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) and nitric oxide (NO) in vivo through catabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). GSNOR and the anti-inflammatory and smooth muscle relaxant activities of SNOs, GSNO, and NO play significant roles in pulmonary, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal function. In GSNOR knockout mice, basal airway tone is reduced and the response to challenge with bronchoconstrictors or airway allergens is attenuated. Consequently, GSNOR has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target for several clin. important human diseases. As such, small mol. inhibitors of GSNOR were developed. These GSNOR inhibitors were potent, selective, and efficacious in animal models of inflammatory disease characterized by reduced levels of GSNO and bioavailable NO. N6022, a potent and reversible GSNOR inhibitor, reduced bronchoconstriction and pulmonary inflammation in a mouse model of asthma and demonstrated an acceptable safety profile. N6022 is currently in clin. development as a potential agent for the treatment of acute asthma. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2Application of 35065-86-2).

3-Bromophenyl acetate (cas: 35065-86-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. A variety of minor organobromine compounds are found in nature, but none are biosynthesized or required by mammals. Organobromine compounds have fallen under increased scrutiny for their environmental impact. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Application of 35065-86-2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Rational Development of 4-Aminopyridyl-Based Inhibitors Targeting Trypanosoma cruzi CYP51 as Anti-Chagas Agents was written by Choi, Jun Yong;Calvet, Claudia M.;Gunatilleke, Shamila S.;Ruiz, Claudia;Cameron, Michael D.;McKerrow, James H.;Podust, Larissa M.;Roush, William R.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2013.Name: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate This article mentions the following:

A new series of 4-aminopyridyl-based lead inhibitors targeting Trypanosoma cruzi CYP51 (TcCYP51) has been developed using structure-based drug design as well as structure-property relationship (SPR) analyses. The screening hit starting point, LP10 (K_D â‰?42 nM; EC₅₀ = 0.65 μM), has been optimized to give the potential leads 14t, 27i, 27q, 27r, and 27t, which have low-nanomolar binding affinity to TcCYP51 and significant activity against T. cruzi amastigotes cultured in human myoblasts (EC₅₀ = 14-18 nM for 27i and 27r). Many of the optimized compounds have improved microsome stability, and most are selective against human CYPs 1A2, 2D6, and 3A4 (<50% inhibition at 1 μM). A rationale for the improvement in microsome stability and selectivity of inhibitors against human metabolic CYP enzymes is presented. In addition, the binding mode of 14t with the Trypanosoma brucei CYP51 (TbCYP51) orthologue has been characterized by X-ray structure anal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2Name: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate).

Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate (cas: 179232-29-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Name: Methyl 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzoate

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Amphiphilic dendrimers with heteroleptic bis([2,2′:6′,2”]terpyridine)-ruthenium(II) cores was written by Joester, Derk;Gramlich, Volker;Diederich, Francois. And the article was included in Helvetica Chimica Acta in 2004.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Dendrimers were assembled through formation of homo- and heteroleptic Ru^II complexes with [2,2′:6′,2”]terpyridine ligands bearing hydrophilic and hydrophobic dendrons (I; R = C₁₂H₂₅ (11), C(CH₂CH₂CO₂Bu^t)₃ (13), C(CH₂CH₂CONHC₁₂H₂₅)₃ (14)), with the aim to develop amphiphilic vectors for potential use in gene delivery (Scheme 1). The synthesis started with the preparation of the 4′-(3,5-dihalo-4-methoxyphenyl)-[2,2′:6′,2”]terpyridine ligands via the Kroehnke pyridine synthesis, followed by attachment of dendrons by Sonogashira cross-coupling to give the dendritic ligands I (R = C₁₂H₂₅, C(CH₂CH₂CO₂Bu^t)₃, C(CH₂CH₂CONHC₁₂H₂₅)₃, C(CH₂CH₂CO₂^tBu)₃, C(CH₂CH₂CONHC(CH₂XH₂NHBoc)₃)₃, c(CH₂CH₂CONHC(CH₂CH₂CONHC₁₂H₂₅)₃)₃). Ligands were subsequently introduced into the coordination sphere of Ru^III to give the stable intermediates [Ru(11)Cl₃] (24) and [Ru(14)Cl₃] (27). These were transformed under reductive conditions into the heteroleptic complexes [Ru(11)(13)](PF₆)₂ (25) and [Ru(13)(14)](PF₆)₂ (29). Removal of the (tert-butoxy)carbonyl (Boc) protecting groups in 25 and 29 then gave the desired amphiphilic dendrimers with branchings of generations 0 and 1. Complex formation was analyzed by high-resolution matrix-assisted laser-desorption-ionization Fourier-transform ion-cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometry (HR-MALDI-FT-ICR-MS), which provided spectra featuring unique fragment-ion series and perfectly resolved isotope distribution patterns. The preparation of homo- and heteroleptic complexes with terpyridine ligands bearing generation-2 dendrons failed due to steric hindrance by the bulky wedges. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). Commercially available organobromine pharmaceuticals include the vasodilator nicergoline, the sedative brotizolam, the anticancer agent pipobroman, and the antiseptic merbromin. Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Production of halogenated compounds by Bjerkandera adusta was written by Spinnler, H.-E.;de Jong, E.;Mauvais, G.;Semon, E.;le Quere, J.-L.. And the article was included in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology in 1994.Synthetic Route of C8H6Br2O2 This article mentions the following:

The white-rot fungus Bjerkandera adusta produces volatile chlorinated Ph compounds The main compounds identified were 3-chloro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (3-chloro-p-anisaldehyde), 3-chloro-4-methoxybenzyl alc. (3-chloro-p-anisyl alc.), 3,5-dichloro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (3,5-dichloro-p-anisaldehyde), and 3,5-dichloro-4-methoxybenzyl alc. (3,5-dichloro-p-anisyl alc.). P-Anisaldehyde, veratraldehyde, and the corresponding alcs., p-anisyl alc. and veratryl alc., were produced simultaneously. Even with a very low concentration of Cl^– in the medium (<10^-5 M), chlorinated aromatic compounds were still observed Addition of Br^– to the culture medium led to the production of brominated compounds: 3-bromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, 3-bromo-4-methoxybenzyl alc., 3,5-dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, and 3-bromo-5-chloro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde. These brominated compounds have not previously been reported as natural products. Although iodo-aromatic compounds were not produced by supplementation of the medium with I^–, isovanillin was found in the culture broth under these conditions. This compound may be formed by substitution of the I intermediate by an OH group on C3 of the ring. CH₂I₂ or CH₂ClI were also found. This is the 1st time that the production of halomethane has been related to the production of halogenated aromatic compounds All the strains tested have these capabilities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Synthetic Route of C8H6Br2O2).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. Bromine-containing agents predominate because not only are they more efficient than similar chlorine-containing species, but also the high atomic weight of bromine ensures that it is present in a high mass fraction within most organobromine compounds.Synthetic Route of C8H6Br2O2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary