Tag: 200-300

Metabolism of halogenated compounds in the white rot fungus Bjerkandera adusta studied by membrane inlet mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry was written by Beck, H. C.;Lauritsen, F. R.;Patrick, J. S.;Cooks, R. G.. And the article was included in Biotechnology and Bioengineering in 1996.Application of 108940-96-1 This article mentions the following:

Membrane inlet mass spectrometry has been used for the characterization of halogenated organic compounds produced by the fungus Bjerkandera adusta. Using this technique we obtained electron impact-, chem. ionization-, electron capture neg. chem. ionization-mass spectra and tandem mass spectra directly from the growth medium. Through this direct anal. of the samples we identified novel bioconversion products and confirmed recently published data on the production of both chlorinated and brominated methoxybenzaldehyde metabolites. Growth profiles of the culture grown on a defined medium showed that the production of secondary metabolites starts after approx. 6 days and reaches maximal concentrations of 25-250 μM after 15-20 days. Although delayed, the production of secondary metabolites paralleled a depletion of glucose from the medium and stopped shortly after all glucose had been consumed. Experiments in which fluoro- and bromo-labeled 4-methoxybenzaldehydes were added to the medium at day 8 showed biotransformation of these compounds into chloro-3-fluoro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde and chloro-3-bromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, resp. No dichlorinated products were observed, suggesting that halogenation takes place only at the meta position on the 4-methoxybenzaldehydes. These experiments are the first to bring direct evidence of a halogenation mechanism in which the enzymic attack takes place directly on the 4-methoxybenzaldehyde intermediates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1Application of 108940-96-1).

3,5-Dibromo-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (cas: 108940-96-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Many of the organo bromine compounds are relatively nonpolar. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.8 vs 2.5) and hence the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic in nature. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Application of 108940-96-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Construction of 1,3-Dithio-Substituted Tetralins by [1,5]-Alkylthio Group Transfer Mediated Skeletal Rearrangement was written by Hisano, Naoya;Kamei, Yuto;Kansaku, Yaoki;Yamanaka, Masahiro;Mori, Keiji. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Related Products of 61150-57-0 This article mentions the following:

A novel skeletal rearrangement involving a [1,5]-alkylthio group transfer/cyclization sequence is described. Treatment of benzylidene malonates having a thioketal moiety at the homobenzyl position with a catalytic amount of Sc(OTf)₃ afforded alkylthio group rearranged adducts in good chem. yields. Detailed investigation of the reaction mechanism revealed that an intramol. conjugate addition/ring opening sequence (not through-space transfer) is the key to achieving this reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0Related Products of 61150-57-0).

2-Bromo-4-fluorobenzylbromide (cas: 61150-57-0) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Related Products of 61150-57-0

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

C-H Activation and Cross-Coupling of Acyclic Aldonitrone was written by Brzeskiewicz, Jakub;Stanska, Barbara;Dabrowski, Piotr;Loska, Rafal. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Product Details of 334792-52-8 This article mentions the following:

Palladium-catalyzed activation of C(sp²)-H bond in a readily E,Z-isomerizable aldonitrone, bearing an ester group at the C terminus, enabled its cross-coupling with a variety of aryl and heteroaryl bromides to give ketonitrones, including products with functional groups not compatible with the classical nitrone synthesis via condensation with hydroxylamines. The reactions proceeded with very high (usually complete) E selectivity. The key to obtaining good yields of the cross-coupling products was the use of sterically hindered carboxylic acid as additive and non-polar solvent (toluene), in which the starting nitrone exists mainly as E isomer. Further use of the obtained ketonitrones in dipolar cycloaddition or nucleophilic addition has also been demonstrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate (cas: 334792-52-8Product Details of 334792-52-8).

Methyl 3-bromo-5-fluorobenzoate (cas: 334792-52-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Product Details of 334792-52-8

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Benzyl Indium Reagents with Aryl Iodides was written by Chupak, Louis S.;Wolkowski, Joanna P.;Chantigny, Yves A.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2009.Application In Synthesis of 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid This article mentions the following:

Herein described is an operationally simple procedure for generating benzyl indium species from readily available benzyl bromides and indium metal followed by in situ palladium-catalyzed coupling with aryl halides. The procedure provides diarylmethanes in modest to excellent yield and tolerates a variety of functional groups in both coupling partners. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8Application In Synthesis of 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid).

3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid (cas: 6515-58-8) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Application In Synthesis of 3-(Bromomethyl)benzoic acid

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Reaction scope and mechanistic insights of nickel-catalyzed migratory Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling was written by Li, Yuqiang;Luo, Yixin;Peng, Long;Li, Yangyang;Zhao, Binzhi;Wang, Wang;Pang, Hailiang;Deng, Yi;Bai, Ruopeng;Lan, Yu;Yin, Guoyin. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2020.Recommanded Product: 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene This article mentions the following:

In this work, a Ni-catalyzed migratory Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling featuring high benzylic or allylic selectivity has been developed. With this method, unactivated alkyl electrophiles and aryl or vinyl boronic acids can be efficiently transferred to diarylalkane or allylbenzene derivatives under mild conditions. Importantly, unactivated alkyl chlorides can also be successfully used as the coupling partners. To demonstrate the applicability of this method, showcase that this strategy can serve as a platform for the synthesis of terminal, partially deuterium-labeled mols. from readily accessible starting materials. Exptl. studies suggest that migratory cross-coupling products are generated from Ni(0/II) catalytic cycle. Theor. calculations indicate that the chain-walking occurs at a neutral nickel complex rather than a cationic one. In addition, the original-site cross-coupling products can be obtained by alternating the ligand, wherein the formation of the products has been rationalized by a radical chain process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Recommanded Product: 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Recommanded Product: 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Transannular Approach to 2,3-Dihydropyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolin-5(1H)-ones through Bronsted Acid-Catalyzed Amidohalogenation was written by Capel, Estefania;Luis-Barrera, Javier;Sorazu, Ana;Uria, Uxue;Prieto, Liher;Reyes, Efraim;Carrillo, Luisa;Vicario, Jose L.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Related Products of 653-92-9 This article mentions the following:

A transannular approach has been developed for the construction of pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolinones I (R¹ = H, F, Cl, Me, OMe, etc.; R² = H, F, etc.; R³ = H, Me, etc.; R⁴ = H, F) starting from benzo-fused nine-membered enelactams II. This process takes place in the presence of a halogenating agent and under Bronsted acid catalysis and proceeds via a transannular amidohalogenation, followed by elimination. The reaction has been found to be wide in scope, enabling the formation of a variety of tricyclic products I in good overall yield, regardless of the substitution pattern in the initial lactam substrate. The reaction has also been applied to the total synthesis of a reported topoisomerase I inhibitor and to the formal synthesis of rosettacin. Further extension of this methodol. allows the preparation of 10-iodopyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolinones III (R¹ = H, Me; R² = H, F; R³ = H, F, Me, OMe) by using an excess of halogenating agent and these compounds can be further manipulated through standard Suzuki coupling chem. into a variety of 10-aryl-substituted pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolinones IV. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9Related Products of 653-92-9).

Methyl 2-bromo-4-fluorobenzoate (cas: 653-92-9) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon (2.9 vs 2.5). Consequently, the carbon in a carbon–bromine bond is electrophilic, i.e. alkyl bromides are alkylating agents. In the pharmaceutical industry organo bromine derivatives are used as sedatives, vasodilators, antiseptic agents, and anticancer agents.Related Products of 653-92-9

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Difluoromethylation of Alkyl Bromides and Iodides with TMSCF₂H was written by Zhao, Haiwei;Lu, Changhui;Herbert, Simon;Zhang, Wei;Shen, Qilong. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

For the first time, two protocols for direct difluoromethylation of unactivated alkyl bromides and iodides RCH₂X [R = 4-phenylbutyl, 3-[(5-methylthiophen-2-yl)carbonyloxy]propyl, dodecyl, etc.; X = Br, I, OTs] were described. Reactions of alkyl iodides with TMSCF₂H were mediated by a copper catalyst using CsF as the activator, while reactions of less reactive alkyl bromides required a combination of palladium and a stoichiometric amount of CuI as the catalysts. Preliminary mechanistic studies of the synergistic Pd/Cu-catalyzed difluoromethylation of alkyl bromides suggest that it proceeds likely via a Pd(I)/Pd(III) catalytic cycle. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3Category: bromides-buliding-blocks).

1-(3-Bromopropyl)-4-methoxybenzene (cas: 57293-19-3) belongs to organobromine compounds. Organo bromine compounds are versatile compounds and are widely used in diverse fields. Organo bromine derivatives are used in the dye sector, as an indicator in analytical chemistry (Bromothymol blue is a popular indicator). The principal reactions for organobromides include dehydrobromination, Grignard reactions, reductive coupling, and nucleophilic substitution.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Electrophile, Substrate Functionality, and Catalyst Effects in the Synthesis of α-Mono and Di-Substituted Benzylamines via Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis in Flow was written by Vile, Gianvito;Richard-Bildstein, Sylvia;Lhuillery, Arnaud;Rueedi, Georg. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2018.Safety of 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl This article mentions the following:

Herein, facile and one-pot synthesis of α-mono- and di-substituted benzylamines from cheap and readily available α-amino acids, via photocatalytic decarboxylative arylation in flow is reported. This enables to access intermediates and building blocks that are difficult to obtain via other synthetic routes, but are key for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, agrochems., and fine chems. The optimal decarboxylative conditions were identified through a high-throughput evaluation of catalysts, organic or inorganic bases, ligands, and reaction parameters (i.e., contact time, temperatures, and photoelectron power). The reaction turned out to be electronically controlled as the yields increased with increasing electron-d. on the aryl moiety. The results were correlated with the redox properties of the photocatalysts, deriving catalyst structure-performance relationships which can facilitate the future identification of even better materials. In addition, compared to traditional batch chem., the use of a flow protocol led to quicker reactions (30 min instead of 12-72 h) and ensured more predictable reaction scale-ups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1Safety of 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl).

4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most organobromine compounds, like most organohalide compounds, are relatively nonpolar. When the molecular ion is detected, the bromine and chlorine isotope patterns are very distinct, but caution is to be exercised for certain mixed chlorinated/brominated compounds, which can look similar to homohalogen patterns.Safety of 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The synthesis of 1,2-ethanediylbis(triphenylphosphonium) ditribromide as a new brominating agent in the presence of solvents and under solvent-free conditions was written by Salmasi, Reihaneh;Gholizadeh, Mostafa;Salimi, Alireza;Garrison, Jered C.. And the article was included in Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society in 2016.Quality Control of 4-Bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol This article mentions the following:

The compound 1,2-ethanediylbis(triphenylphosphonium) ditribromide was quant. prepared and used for the bromination of anilines, e.g., N,N-dimethylaniline yielding 4-bromo-N,N-dimethylaniline and phenols, e.g., 2-chloro-6-nitrophenol yielding 4-bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol in the presence of a mixed solvent system (DCM/MeOH 2:1) and also under solvent-free conditions. This new ionic liquid has advantages over similar brominating agents in terms of short reaction time, simple workup, regioselectivity and high yields. Single crystal X-ray anal. of title salt revealed that the bistriphenylphosphonium cation is organized around an inversion center located at the center of the -CH₂-CH₂– bridge and the two triphenylphosphine segments are anti with respect to one another. All the tribromide anions adopt a linear geometry with different Br-Br-Br bond angles for each anion. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol (cas: 58349-01-2Quality Control of 4-Bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol).

4-Bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol (cas: 58349-01-2) belongs to organobromine compounds. Bromo compounds are employed in a variety of metal-catalyzed coupling reactions. They are also ideal candidates for the synthesis of Grignard reagents that have wide-applicability in organic synthesis. alpha-Bromoesters are employed in the Reformatsky reaction for the synthesis of beta-hydroxyesters. Many of the alkyl bromine derivatives are excellent alkylating agents since bromides are good leaving groups. Tribromides, like tetrabutylammonium tribromide, are used as a solid source of bromine. N-bromosuccimide (NBS) is used for the selective bromination of allylic bonds.Quality Control of 4-Bromo-2-chloro-6-nitrophenol

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Metastable doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes with a large macrocycle was written by Hertzog, Jerald E.;Maddi, Vincent J.;Hart, Laura F.;Rawe, Benjamin W.;Rauscher, Phillip M.;Herbert, Katie M.;Bruckner, Eric P.;de Pablo, Juan J.;Rowan, Stuart J.. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2022.Related Products of 162258-89-1 This article mentions the following:

Ring size is a critically important parameter in many interlocked mols. as it directly impacts many of the unique mol. motions that they exhibit. Reported herein are studies using one of the largest macrocycles reported to date to synthesize doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes. A large ditopic 46 atom macrocycle containing two 2,6-bis(N-alkyl-benzimidazolyl)pyridine ligands was used to synthesize several metastable doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes in high yield (65-75% isolated) via metal templating. Macrocycle and linear thread components were synthesized and self-assembled upon addition of iron(II) ions to form the doubly threaded pseudo[3]rotaxanes that could be subsequently stoppered using azide-alkyne cycloaddition chem. Following demetallation with base, these doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes were fully characterized utilizing a variety of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, size-exclusion chromatog., and all-atom simulation techniques. Critical to the success of accessing a metastable [3]rotaxane with such a large macrocycle was the nature of the stopper group employed. By varying the size of the stopper group it was possible to access metastable [3]rotaxanes with stabilities in deuterated chloroform ranging from a half-life of <1 min to ca. 6 mo at room temperature potentially opening the door to interlocked materials with controllable degradation rates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1Related Products of 162258-89-1).

4-Bromo-4′-tert-butylbiphenyl (cas: 162258-89-1) belongs to organobromine compounds. Most of the natural organobromine compounds are produced by marine organisms, and several brominated metabolites with antibacterial, antitumor, antiviral, and antifungal activity have been isolated from seaweed, sponges, corals, molluscs, and others. The reactivity of organobromine compounds resembles but is intermediate between the reactivity of organochlorine and organoiodine compounds. For many applications, organobromides represent a compromise of reactivity and cost.Related Products of 162258-89-1

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary