Tag: 300-400

In 2022,Banerjee, Ankush; Saha, Shuvendu; Maji, Modhu Sudan published an article in Journal of Organic Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Cascade Benzannulation Approach for the Syntheses of Lipocarbazoles, Carbazomycins, and Related Alkaloids》.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks The author mentioned the following in the article:

Herein, a state-of-the-art one-pot cascade benzannulation technique for the efficacious synthesis of valuable 3-hydroxy-2-Me carbazoles, a linchpin of more than 25 carbazole-based alkaloids, is unveiled from readily affordable fundamental commodities. The key step of this strategy is gaining aromaticity by site-selective elimination of hydroxyl group controlled by nucleophilicity of the indole ring. The present strategy shows excellent functional group tolerance with a broad substrate scope. The utility of this convenient approach was appealingly exemplified via concise total syntheses of 10 carbazole-based alkaloids possessing significant biol. activities and thus of medicinal importance. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1530-32-1Category: bromides-buliding-blocks)

Ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1530-32-1) is a phase transfer catalyst, used to accelerate the cure of phenolic-based epoxy resins, certain fluoroelastomer resins and thermosetting powder coatings. It is also used as catalysts in the synthesis of certain organic compounds and as a pharmaceutical intermediate.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Kumar, Gautam; Bhattacharya, Debkanta; Chatterjee, Indranil published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《Lewis Acid-Assisted Transition Metal-Free Aminocyanation of Alkynes with Arylamines and N-Cyanosuccinimide》, and you may find the article in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A transition-metal-free aminocyanation of aryl alkynes has been achieved using indium tribromide, InBr3 or B(C6F5)3 as a Lewis acid. This aminocyanation protocol features with non-toxic cyanide source, a good substrate scope and potentially valuable aminocyanation products. Mechanistic studies reveal the complex formation between Lewis acid and alkyne to produce in situ alkyne nitrile as a key intermediate. Further hydroamination of alkyne nitrile with arylamines affords the E-selective (E:Z = 70:30 to 90:10) β-aminoacrylonitrile derivatives The experimental process involved the reaction of Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3Category: bromides-buliding-blocks)

Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3) is used in organic synthesis as a water tolerant Lewis acid. It efficiently catalyzes the three-component coupling of β-keto esters, aldehydes and urea (or thiourea) to afford the corresponding dihydropyrimidinones.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Liu, Mingkai; Jia, Yuxi; Cui, Zilong; Lu, Zhichao; Zhang, Weikun; Liu, Kezhong; Shuai, Li; Shi, Lei; Ke, Runhui; Lou, Yinghua published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Occurrence and potential sources of polyhalogenated carbazoles in farmland soils from the Three Northeast Provinces, China》, and you may find the article in Science of the Total Environment.Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) have been detected in various environments frequently and have attracted increasing attention for their multiple toxicities. However, only a few reports record the occurrence of PHCZs in farmland soils, and the sources of which were not yet been implemented. In this study, 12 PHCZs and carbazole (CZ) were screened in farmland soil samples from the Three Northeast Provinces, and the ∑PHCZs were in the range of 18.16-219.67 ng/g dw. 36-CCZ was the dominant congener (40.67%) in farmland soils, followed by 3-CCZ (14.51%), and average percentages of other congeners were lower than 10%. A concrete anal. of the sources of PHCZs in the soil was conducted, revealing the diversity of PHCZs sources. Potential toxic effects associated with the levels of PHCZs were evaluated via the toxic equivalency (TEQ) approach, and the TEQs of PHCZs (TEQPHCZs) were in the range of 2.24-14.06 pg TEQ/g dw. Notwithstanding the 1368-CCZ with a low concentration level, the mean contribution to TEQPHCZs was up to 24.24%, preceded only by 36-CCZ (39.69%), showing the congeners with low concentration also may pose potential risks to the environment. Partial PHCZs congeners (2-BCZ, 3-BCZ, 36-CCZ, 136-BCZ, and 2367-BCZ) showed significant correlations (r = 0.45-0.63, p < 0.05) with the total organic carbon (TOC). Significant correlations were shown between PHCZ congeners replaced by halogens of the same species and quantity (r = 0.40-0.99, p < 0.01). In view of the fact that the high concentration level of PHCZs in the soil and their source diversity, more environmental monitoring and risk assessments of PHCZs should be of particular concern. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole)

3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole(cas: 6825-20-3) is used as a pharmaceutical intermediate, and also an important intermediate of synthesizing optoelectronic materials. It has been used in the preparation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,6-dibromocarbazole.Application In Synthesis of 3,6-Dibromo-9H-carbazole

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Formula: C13H17BrO9In 2022 ,《A novel synthesis of tetrahydrocortisone 3-glucuronide》 was published in Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry. The article was written by Zhang, Yan; Zhang, Suqing; Li, Rui; Shen, Jingshan; Jiang, Xiangrui; Aisa, Haji A.. The article contains the following contents:

A new route for the synthesis of tetrahydrocortisone 3-glucuronide has been developed with cortisone acetate as a starting material. The key step was using lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminum hydride to reduce the C-3 carbonyl group of 5β-dihydrocortisone acetate to provide 3α-5β-tetrahydrocortisone acetate. Then, Koenig-Knorr method was used for glycosylation with glycosyl bromide as the donor, cadmium carbonate as promoter and 4Å mol. sieves as dehydrating agent to give high yield of the desired product. The new route is shorter and gives higher yield than that reported in the literature. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as (2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-Bromo-6-(methoxycarbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triyl triacetate(cas: 21085-72-3Formula: C13H17BrO9)

(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-Bromo-6-(methoxycarbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triyl triacetate(cas: 21085-72-3) may be used for the synthesis of HMR1098-S-Glucuronide Methyl Ester, a new K-ATP-blocking agent being developed as a drug for prevention of sudden cardiac death.Formula: C13H17BrO9

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

Hussain, Waseem A.; Plunkett, Kyle N. published their research in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021. The article was titled 《Benzodithiophene-Fused Cyclopentannulated Aromatics via a Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclopentannulation and Scholl Cyclodehydrogenation Strategy》.Reference of 9,10-Dibromoanthracene The article contains the following contents:

The synthesis of a new class of cyclopenta-fused polyaromatic hydrocarbon (CP-PAH) incorporating fused benzodithiophene subunits was reported. These CP-PAHs were prepared utilizing a two-step process involving a palladium catalyzed cyclopentannulation followed by a Scholl cyclodehydrogenation. This work broadens the scope of annulation chem. by employing 1,2-bis(5-hexylthiophen-3-yl)ethyne and dibromoaryl derivatives based on 9,10-dibromoanthracene, 3,8-dibromopyrene, and 3,9-dibromoperylene. Scholl cyclodehydrogenation of the pendant thiophene units provided access to the π-extended polyaromatic systems that possess helicene-like fragments. The anthracene-based CP-PAH was contorted owing to [5]helicene-like arrangements, while the pyrene- and perylene-based systems were essentially planar. The fully conjugated small mols. give low optical gaps (1.7-2.1 eV) with broad light absorption. The HOMO and LUMO energies of the CP-PAHs were found to be in the range of -5.48 to -5.05 eV and -3.48 to -3.14 eV. Finally, the anthracene-based CP-PAH was found to be a p-type semiconductor when tested in an organic field effect transistor.9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3Reference of 9,10-Dibromoanthracene) was used in this study.

9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3) can be sublimated and oxidized to generate anthraquinone. Soluble in hot benzene and hot toluene, slightly soluble in alcohol, ether and cold benzene, insoluble in water.Reference of 9,10-Dibromoanthracene

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

《Perfluoroalkylated anthracene endoperoxide: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure analysis, and computational insights》 was written by Putta, Anjaneyulu; Sykes, Andrew G.; Sun, Haoran. Formula: C14H8Br2 And the article was included in Journal of Fluorine Chemistry in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Aromatic endoperoxides serve as important intermediate species toward generating singlet state oxygen, which is key to photodynamic therapy applications. Gaining insights for fine-tuning endoperoxide stability and degree of oxygen-oxygen bond activation is of fundamental and practical interest for the chem. and medicinal communities. We report here that 9,10-bisperfluorooctyl-anthracene, upon exposing to light and air, is almost quant. converted to 9,10-bisperfluorooctyl-anthracene endoperoxide (compound 1) at room temperature 1H NMR spectra and the X-ray crystal structure revealed that the resulting compound 1 is stable at room temperature without further decomposition The crystal structure anal. showed that the compound 1 is stabilized by F···O intramol. interactions along with F···F, F···H and F···C intermol. interactions. DFT calculations further indicate that the degree of oxygen-oxygen bond activation in anthracene endoperoxides, reflected as changes of O-O, C-O bond distances, may not solely depend on the electronic effect of substituents at the 9,10- positions. This uncertainty warrants further investigation both exptl. and computationally. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3Formula: C14H8Br2)

9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3) is a dibrominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). 9,10-Dibromoanthracene is often used as an energy acceptor and activator in reactions that produce chemiluminescence.Formula: C14H8Br2

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

The author of 《Physiochemical Properties and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Phosphonium and Ammonium Based Deep Eutectic Solvents》 were Naik, Papu Kumar; Paul, Sandip; Banerjee, Tamal. And the article was published in Journal of Solution Chemistry in 2019. HPLC of Formula: 1779-49-3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are considered as second-generation ionic liquids and are used in many applications such as separation, extraction and electrochem. In the current work, a set of four DES is synthesized by mixing a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) (ethylene glycol/glycerol) with a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt or the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA). Here the HBA, namely methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), were mixed with the HBD in a molar ratio of 1:4. Fourier transform IR and thermogravimetric anal. anal. were then carried out to understand the functional groups along with their thermal stability. NMR anal. was also used to validate the molar ratio of 1:4 in solution Thereafter, the four DESs were simulated with mol. dynamics simulations to evaluate and measure the pure component properties of these solvents at room temperature Thermodn. insights such as non-bonded interaction energies, hydrogen bonds, coordination number and radial distribution functions were also discussed to understand their atomistic interactions involved in the eutectic mixtures In addition to this study using Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide, there are many other studies that have used Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3HPLC of Formula: 1779-49-3) was used in this study.

Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide(cas: 1779-49-3) is a lipophilic molecule with a cation allowing for it to be used to deliver molecules to specific cell components. Also considered an antineoplastic agent.HPLC of Formula: 1779-49-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Energies (Basel, Switzerland) included an article by Ghodrat, Maryam; Samali, Bijan; Rhamdhani, Muhammad Akbar; Brooks, Geoffrey. Application of 13465-09-3. The article was titled 《Thermodynamic-based exergy analysis of precious metal recovery out of waste printed circuit board through black copper smelting process》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Exergy anal. is one of the useful decision-support tools in assessing the environmental impact related to waste emissions from fossil fuel. This paper proposes a thermodn.-based design to estimate the exergy quantity and losses during the recycling of copper and other valuable metals out of electronic waste (e-waste) through a secondary copper recycling process. The losses related to recycling, as well as the quality losses linked to metal and oxide dust, can be used as an index of the resource loss and the effectiveness of the selected recycling route. Process-based results are presented for the emission exergy of the major equipment used, which are namely a reduction furnace, an oxidation furnace, and fire-refining, electrorefining, and precious metal-refining (PMR) processes for two scenarios (secondary copper recycling with 50% and 30% waste printed circuit boards in the feed). The results of the work reveal that increasing the percentage of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) in the feed will lead to an increase in the exergy emission of CO2. The variation of the exergy loss for all of the process units involved in the e-waste treatment process illustrated that the oxidation stage is the key contributor to exergy loss, followed by reduction and fire refining. The results also suggest that a fundamental variation of the emission refining through a secondary copper recycling process is necessary for e-waste treatment. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3Application of 13465-09-3)

Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3) is used in organic synthesis as a water tolerant Lewis acid. It efficiently catalyzes the three-component coupling of β-keto esters, aldehydes and urea (or thiourea) to afford the corresponding dihydropyrimidinones.Application of 13465-09-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

In 2019,Journal of Physical Chemistry C included an article by Chen, Shanbao; Huang, Chengxi; Sun, Huasheng; Ding, Junfei; Jena, Puru; Kan, Erjun. Category: bromides-buliding-blocks. The article was titled 《Boosting the Curie temperature of two-dimensional semiconducting CrI3 monolayer through van der Waals heterostructures》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The integration of ferromagnetic and semiconducting properties in a single 2-dimensional (2D) material has been recognized as a fertile ground for fundamental science as well as for practical applications in information processing and storage. CrI3 monolayer has recently drawn much attention due to its 2D long-range ferromagnetic (FM) order. However, its Curie temperature (TC) is too low (∼45 K) for practical spintronic applications. Here, the authors show that the in-plane FM coupling of CrI3 can be remarkably enhanced by constructing a 2D heterostructure where CrI3 monolayer is supported on a nonmagnetic normal semiconductor/insulator substrate. Choosing MoTe2 monolayer as a substrate, the authors find that the CrI3/MoTe2 2D heterostructure is an intrinsic semiconducting ferromagnet with TC of ∼60 K. The TC can be further increased to ∼85 K by applying an out-of-plane pressure of ∼4.2 GPa. The doubling of the TC in this 2D heterostructure comes from the introduction of extra spin superexchange (Cr-Te-Cr) paths. These findings provide a promising pathway to improve ferromagnetism in 2D semiconductors, which can stimulate further theor. and exptl. interest. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3Category: bromides-buliding-blocks)

Indium(III) bromide(cas: 13465-09-3) is used as a catalyst to produce dithioacetals when unactivated alkynes react with thiols and fields such as optics and microelectronics that utilize semiconductor technology have wide uses for indium in high-performing solar cells.Category: bromides-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary

HPLC of Formula: 523-27-3In 2022 ,《Four- and two-armed hetero porphyrin dimers: their specific recognition and self-sorting behaviours》 appeared in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. The author of the article were Ueda, Masahiro; Kimura, Masaki; Miyagawa, Shinobu; Naito, Masaya; Takaya, Hikaru; Tokunaga, Yuji. The article conveys some information:

In this study we self-assembled the four-armed porphyrin hetero dimer capsule Cap4, stabilized through amidinium-carboxylate salt bridges, in CH2Cl2 and CHCl3. The dimer capsule Cap4 was kinetically and thermodynamically more stable than the corresponding two-armed dimer Cap2. The number of arms strongly influenced their recognition behavior; guests possessing small aromatic faces (e.g., 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene) preferred residing in the cavity of the two-armed capsule Cap2, rather than in Cap4, both thermodynamically and kinetically; in contrast, large aromatic guests (e.g., 9,10-dibromoanthracene) were encapsulated predominantly by Cap4 because of favorable entropic effects. The number of arms enabled self-sorting behavior of the dimer formation; complexation studies using an equimolar mixture of the four porphyrin constituents of the two capsules revealed the quant. formation of the corresponding dimers Cap2 and Cap4. Furthermore, we examined the specific mol. recognition of Cap2 and Cap4; NMR experiments of mixtures of Cap2 and Cap4 in the presence of favorable guests for Cap2 and Cap4 revealed that these guest mols. were encapsulated selectively by their preferred hosts. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found 9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3HPLC of Formula: 523-27-3)

9,10-Dibromoanthracene(cas: 523-27-3) is a dibrominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). 9,10-Dibromoanthracene is often used as an energy acceptor and activator in reactions that produce chemiluminescence.HPLC of Formula: 523-27-3

Referemce:
Bromide – Wikipedia,
bromide – Wiktionary